Unit2__宾语从句专项课件

Unit2宾语从句专项讲解,Weknowhim,WeknowhelikesEnglish.,主s,主s,谓v,谓v,宾o,宾o,宾语从句就是由一个句子来构成主句的宾语,简单句,复合句,一什么是宾语从句？,试比较,宾语从句的概念,在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.,二、宾语从句三要素：,连接词,时态,语序,不同连接词引导的宾语从句,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,which，what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句,2.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,宾语从句连接词:,1.陈述句2.一般疑问句3.特殊疑问句,that,if/whether,原有的连接代词和连接副词,1.Ihear(that)_.2.Hesaid(that)_.3.Theteachertoldus(that)_.,hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmoves,由that引导的宾语从句,注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不充当成分，在口语当中往往省略。,aroundthesun,Objectclauseswiththat,WellhaveexamsnextFriday.,Usingsay,Icanhelphim.,Theteachersays(that)wellhaveexamsnextFriday.,Thegirlsays(that)shecanhelphim.,1.Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.(Ibelieve)Ibelieve(that)Aprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.2.Itwasalittlecrowded.(Iguess)Iguess(that)itwasalittlecrowded.,3.Theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.(Billthinks)Billthinks(that)theraceswerenotthatinterestingtowatch.4.TheWaterFestivalisreallyfun.(Iknow)Iknow(that)theWaterFestivalisreallyfun.,5.MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow.(Ihear)Ihear(that)MissLiuwillgotothebeachtomorrow.6.Thefoodwasdelicious.(Hesays)Hesays（that)thefoodwasdelicious.,连词that不能省略的几种情况在由that引导的宾语从句中，由于连词that只起引导功能，无具体意义，不担当任何成份，因此在口语或非正式的文体中常可省略。然而，大凡规则总有例外的情况，在下列that引导的宾语从句中，that则不能省略。,1.从句的主语是that。如：Hesaysthatthatisarealkingshat.他说那是一个真的王冠。,2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：Imafraidthatifyouvelostit,youmustpayforit.3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。,4.若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.她说她要来，还要带她的儿子来。,TheseplanetwillproducefoodandoxygenthatweneedtoliveonMars.ScientistswilldevelopplantsthatcangrowonMars.PeoplethinkthathumansonMarshavetowearspecialbootstomakethemselvesheavier.WeallknowthatMarsisaplanetinthesolarsystem.ThejourneytoMarscouldtakeonlyaveryshorttimeinspaceshuttlesthattravelathalfthespeedoflight.SomescientistsdonotbelievethatthejourneytoMarswillbeverycomfortable.,Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasanobjectclause?,IsJimin?,Hasshetakenanymedicine?,Usingwonder,LiLeiwondersifJimisin.,Thedoctorwondersifshehastakensomemedicine.,疑问句变宾语从句的步骤：1、把句子变为肯定句,IsJimathome?Jimisathome.2.IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong?JuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.3.Doeshelikesports?Helikessports.4.Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool?Theywillplaybasketballafterschool.,变化方法：主句+if/whether+一般疑问句。if/whether引导宾语从句，表示“是否”之义，在句中不充当句子成份，if/whether可互换。,2.在句子前加上从属连词whether,if,该一般疑问句要变为陈述句形式。,把下列各句变为宾语从句,IsJimathome?(Iwonder)Iwonderwhether/ifJimisathome.2.IsJuneagoodtimetovisitHongKong?(Hewonders)Hewonderswhether/ifJuneisagoodtimetovisitHongKong.,把下列各句变为宾语从句,3.Doeshelikesports?(Doyouknow)Doyouknowwhetherhelikessports?4.Willtheyplaybasketballafterschool?(Heasks)Heaskswhethertheywillplaybasketballafterschool.,.if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。如：Millieaskedif/whetherhelikedthissweater.米莉问他是否喜欢这件羊毛衫。Thefishermanwantstoknowif/whetheritwillrain.渔民想知道天是否会下雨。,Objectclauseswithifandwhether,由if/whether引导的宾语从句,.if和whether引导宾语从句时，要注意宾语从句三要素，即连词、语序和时态。由于if和whether连接的是一般疑问句，因此要注意把从句语序改为陈述句语序。如：DoesMrZhaoliveinRoom208?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmeif/whetherMrZhaolivesinRoom208?,其次要注意时态变化：1.若主句是一般现在时，从句用任何所需时态。如：Hewantstoknowif/whethertheyhadagoodjourneyhome.他想知道他们回家旅途是否愉快。,2.若主句是一般过去时，从句则用跟过去相关的时态。即一般现在时变为一般过去时、现在进行时变为过去进行时、一般将来时为过去将来时、现在完成时态变为过去完成时。如：Didthetrainleave?Shedidntknow.Shedidntknowif/whetherthetrainhadleft.,.if和whether的区别二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.这是否对，我不能说。,2.宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用whether，不能用if。如：Idontknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.我不知道他明天是否来。,3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：ShecantdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.她不能决定是否去美国。4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.我担心是否伤了她的感情。,5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：Tomwantstoknowifhewontcomeheretomorrow.汤姆想知道他明天是否不来这儿。6.if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,Illcallyou.假如西蒙明天来这儿，我将打电话告诉你。,1.IdontknowifMr.Wang_onafieldtrip.Ifhe_onafieldtriptomorrow,pleasecallme.A.goes;willgoB.willgo;goesC.willgo;willgoD.goes;goes2.SheaskedmeifIknew_.A.whosepenwasitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenisit,B,B,3.Theywonderediftheteacher_usEnglishthenextterm.A.wouldteachB.hadtaughtC.willteachD.taught,A,Choosetherightanswers.,5.Ihaventdecide_Illgooutorstayathome.A.ifB.whenC.whyD.whether6.Iwanttoknow_helovesyou.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.who,D,C,4.Theboyasked_anynoisefromoutside.A.whetherhadIheardB.whetherIhadheardC.whetherhaveIheardD.whetherIhaveheard,B,A,C,7.Iwondered_ourteacherwasgoingtoattendourparty.A.whetherB.whyC.whereD.that8.Idliketoknow_ornot.A.whetherwillhecomeB.whetherhashecomeC.whetherhewillcomeD.ifhewillcome,改为含宾语从句的复合句,1.Willthetrainarriveontime?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow_thetrain_ontime.2.DidPetercomehereyesterday?LiLeiwantstoknow.LiLeiwantstoknow_Peter_hereyesterday.,willarrive,if/whether,came,if/whether,Completethesentences.,1.我们不知道我们能否在火星上种植植物。Wearewondering_onMars.2.你能告诉我是不是有许多人打算搬到火星上去吗？Couldyoutellme_toMars?,whether/ifwecan,if/whethermanypeople,aregoingtomove,growplants,3.我不知道他在家洗不洗衣服。Idontknow_anywashingathome.4.我担心是否伤害了她的感情。Iamworriedabout_.,whetherornothedoes,whetherIhurther,feelings,1.UncleWangcameuptosee_therewasanythingwrongwiththemachine.2.Theshopkeeperaskedmyfather_ornothewantedtochooseabigChristmastree.,if/whether,whether,3.Idontknow_togoorstay.4._thatistrue,whatshouldwedo?,whether,If,5._theywilleverbecomefutureOlympicchampionsonlytimewilltell.,Whether,Completethesentenceswithif/whether.,宾语从句语序：陈述句语序主句+连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分.,把下列宾语从句变为否定句。Ithinkthattheyarefuntowatch.Idontthinkthattheyarefuntowatch.2.IbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.IdontbelieveAprilisthehottestmonthoftheyear.,三、宾语从句的句型变化,宾语从句的句型变化一般体现在主句的变化上。PleasetellmehowIcangothere.CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangothere?DonttellmehowIcangothere.,四、宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。,Translatethefollowingsentences.1.我认为不会下雨I_thatit_.2.我认为你的答案不对.I_youranswerright.我们相信他还没走.We_thathe_.,dontthink,willrain,dontthink,is,dontbelieve,hasgone,Practice:根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子,1.我认为玛丽不回来了。IdontthinkMary_.2.山姆给我说他准备去上海。Samtoldmethathe_forShanghai.3.我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。Iwanttoknow_thereisatraintoBeijing.,will,come,was,leaving,if/whether,()1.Iwonder_.Imafraidwellbelate.(2011山东青岛)A.howwecanbeontimeB.whatwearegoingtodoC.whywegettoschoollateD.ifwewillarriveatthemeetingontime,中考链接,D,()2.Wellplanttreestomorrow,andIdontknow_Tomwillcomeandjoinus.(2011天津)A.ifB.whichC.whatD.where,A,()3.Doyouknow_tomorrow?Sorry,Idontknow.YoumaysurftheInternet.(2011湖南湘潭)A.whetherwillitrainB.ifitwillrainC.whetherdoesitrain,B,()4.Mum,canwegototheartmuseumtomorrow?Sure.Butfirstweshouldfindout_.(2011广西南宁市)A.whatcanwedoB.wherewecangoC.howcanwegothereD.ifitwillbeopen,D,()5.Wedontknow_themeetingwillbeheldsoon.(2011内蒙古包头)A.whenB.whatC.whetherD.since,C,()5.Mary,couldyoutellmeifyourmother_ourschoolsportsmeetingtomorrow?Ithinkshewillcometoschoolifshe_free.(2011山东滨州)A.willtakepartin;willbeB.takespartin;isC.willtakepartin;isD.takespartin;willbe,C,()6.Doyouknow_Guangzhoutomorrow?(2011肇庆)A.whethertheyleaveforB.whetherwilltheyleaveforC.whethertheyareleavingfor,C,()7.IvedecidedtogotoLondonnextweekend.Iwaswondering_youcouldgowithme.(2011江西省)A.ifB.whenC.thatD.where,A,()8.Doyouthink_XiaoMingcanpassthehighschoolentranceexamornot?Sorry,Ivenoidea.(2011广西百色)A.thatB.whichC.ifD.whether,D,()9.Hesaidthatlight_muchfasterthansound.(2011山东枣庄)A.hastravelledB.wentC.travelsD.travelled,C,()10.OvertheseyearsIhavehadanewunderstandingof_peopletraditionallycallaperfectperson.(2012江苏淮安)A.howB.whatC.whoD.whom,A,()11.Canyoutellmeinthefuture?(2012江苏宿迁)A.howlifewillbelikeB.howwilllifebelikeC.whatlifewillbelikeD.whatwilllifebelike,C,()12.Doyouknow_?AttheendofJuly.(2012江苏连云港)A.howsoonisyoursisterrunningbackhomeB.howoftenNancyfromherpenfriendC.whenth