已阅读5页,还剩16页未读, 继续免费阅读
版权说明:本文档由用户提供并上传,收益归属内容提供方,若内容存在侵权,请进行举报或认领
文档简介
.,1,RobertBurns(1759-1796),Zhengboren,.,2,INTRODUCTION,RobertBurns,ScottishpoetandwriteroftraditionalScottishfolksongs,whoseworksareknownandlovedwherevertheEnglishlanguageisread.,.,3,Legacy,The19th-centuryscholarandeducationalistJ.S.BlackiesummedupBurnssimportancetoScotlandandtheScotswiththewords:WhenScotlandforgetsBurns,thenhistorywillforgetScotland.Today,Burnsisuniqueintheaffectionandfascinationthathismemoryinspires.ThefruitsofhislegacycanbeseennotonlyinScotlandbutaroundtheworld-onproductpackaging,inadvertisingandonawealthofmerchandise,aswellasthroughcontinuedscholarshipandacademicstudy.,AuldLangSyne,.,4,RobertBurnsisthebestknownofthepoetswhohavewritteninScots.HispoemAuldLangSyneisoftensungatHogmanay.HismemoryiscelebratedbyBurnsclubsacrosstheworld;hisbirthdayisanunofficialNationalDayforScotsandthosewithScottishancestry,celebratedwithBurnssuppers.RobertBurnswasbornintoafarmingfamilyatAllowayinAyrshirein1759.HediedinDumfriesattheearlyageof37.YetinthatshorttimehehadtakentheScottishliteraryworldbystorm,andhadsecuredaplaceforhimselfinhistoryandinlegend.,.,5,Alloway,BirthplaceofRobertBurns,.,6,EARLYLIFE“Averypoormansson”,BurnswasbornonJanuary25,1759.HewastheeldestofsevenchildrenborntoWilliamBurness,astrugglingtenantfarmer,andhiswife,AgnesBrown.Althoughpovertylimitedhisformaleducation,BurnsreadwidelyinEnglishliteratureandtheBibleandlearnedtoreadFrench.Hewasencouragedinhisself-educationbyhisfather,andhismotheracquaintedhimwithScottishfolksongs,legends,andproverbs.,.,7,AgnesBrown,Burnsmother,BypermissionoftheNationalGalleriesofScotland,.,8,Arduousfarmworkandundernourishmentinhisyouthpermanentlyinjuredhishealth,leadingtotherheumaticheartdiseasefromwhichheeventuallydied.Hewentin1781toIrvinetolearnflaxdressing,butwhentheshopburneddown,hereturnedhomepenniless.Hehad,meanwhile,composedhisfirstpoems.Thepoetsfatherdiedin1784,leavinghimasheadofthefamily.HeandhisbrotherGilbertrentedafarm,buttheventureprovedafailure.,.,9,FIRSTVERNACULARPOEMS,In1784BurnsreadtheworksoftheEdinburghpoetRobertFergusson.UnderhisinfluenceandthatofScottishfolktraditionandolderScottishpoetry,hebecameawareoftheliterarypossibilitiesoftheScottishregionaldialects.Duringthenexttwoyearsheproducedmostofhisbest-knownpoems,including“TheCottersSaturdayNight,”“Halloween,”“ToaDaisy,”and“ToaMouse.”Inaddition,hewrote“TheJollyBeggars,”acantatachieflyinstandardEnglish,whichisconsideredoneofhismasterpieces.Severalofhisearlypoems,notably“HolyWilliesPrayer,”satirizedlocalecclesiasticalsquabblesandattackedCalvinisttheology,bringinghimintoconflictwiththechurch.,.,10,SOCIALNOTORIETY“Astrongappetiteforsociability”,Burnsfurtherangeredchurchauthoritiesbyhavingseveralindiscreetloveaffairs.In1785hefellinlovewithJeanArmour,thedaughterofabuildingcontractor.Jeansoonbecamepregnant,andalthoughBurnsofferedtomakeherhiswife,herfatherforbadetheirmarriage.Thereupon(1786)hepreparedtoimmigratetotheWestIndies.Beforedepartinghearrangedtoissuebysubscriptionacollectionofhispoetry.PublishedonJuly31inaneditionof600copies,Poems,ChieflyintheScottishDialectwasanimmediatesuccess.,.,11,JeanArmourwhomBurnsmarriedinspring1788.,.,12,Edinburgh“Now,GodinheavenblessReekiestown”,InSeptemberBurnsabandonedtheWestIndiesplan;thesamemonthJeanbecamethemotheroftwins.Hemovedinthefallof1786toEdinburgh,wherehewaslionizedbyfashionablesociety.CharmedbyBurns,theliteratimistakenlybelievedhimtobeanuntutoredbard,a“Heavens-taughtPlowman.”Heresentedtheircondescension,andhisbristlingindependence,bluntmannerofspeech,andoccasionalsocialawkwardnessalienatedadmirers.,.,13,WhileBurnswasinEdinburgh,hesuccessfullypublishedasecond,3000-copyeditionofPoems(1787),whichearnedhimaconsiderablesum.Fromtheproceedshewasabletotour(1787)theEnglishborderregionandtheHighlandsandfinanceanotherwinterinEdinburgh.InthemeantimehehadresumedhisrelationshipwithJeanArmour.Thenextspringsheborehimanothersetoftwins,bothofwhomdied,andinAprilBurnsandArmourweremarried.,.,14,Aefondkiss.ThismanuscriptisintheWatsonAutographCollection.,.,15,LATERSONGSANDBALLADS,Burnsslaterliteraryoutputconsistedalmostentirelyofsongs,bothoriginalcompositionsandadaptationsoftraditionalScottishballadsandfolksongs.Hecontributedsome200songstoScotsMusicalMuseum(6volumes,1783-1803),aprojectinitiatedbytheengraverandmusicpublisherJamesJohnson.Beginningin1792Burnswroteabout100songsandsomehumorousverseforSelectCollectionofOriginalScottishAirs,compiledbyGeorgeThomson.Amonghissongsinthiscollectionaresuchfavoritesas“AuldLangSyne,”CominThrotheRye,”ScotsWhaHae,”ARed,RedRose,”TheBanksoDoon,”and“JohnAnderson,MyJo.”,.,16,Travelssomeshunnedorreviledhim.AfterFranco-Britishrelationsbegantodeteriorate,hecurbedhisradicalsympathies,andin1794,forpatrioticreasons,hejoinedtheDumfriesshireVolunteers.,.,18,FinalYears“Apoor,damnd,rascallygager”,BurnsspentthefinalyearsofhislifeinDumfriesshire.From1788heattemptedtofarmatEllisland,butthegroundwassoexhaustedthatthisultimatelyprovedfruitless.InSeptember1789hebeganworkfortheExciseatDumfries.Thoughheperformedthesedutiesdiligentlyandcompassionately,chargesofpoliticaldisloyaltywereraisedagainsthim.Atthesametimefailinghealth,whichhesoughttoremedybysea-bathing,overshadowedhisliteraryandmusicaloutput.Yearsofhardphysicallabourworkingonaseriesofunproductivefarmsaggravatedhislong-standingheartcondition.Thisleadtohisprematuredeathattheageof37on21July1796.Onthedayofhisfuneral,hiswifegavebirthtotheiryoungestson,Maxwell.,BurnsshouseinDumfries.,Ellisland.(BycourtesyoftheNationalMuseumofScotland),.,19,BurnsfuneralprocessiondepictedbyW.E.Lockhart.,.,20,AmemorialeditionofBurnspoemswaspublishedforthebenefitofhiswifeandchildren.Itseditor,thephysicianJamesCurrie,a
温馨提示
- 1. 本站所有资源如无特殊说明,都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
- 2. 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等,如果需要附件,请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
- 3. 本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸,网页内容里面会有图纸预览,若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
- 4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间,仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理,对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑,并不能对任何下载内容负责。
- 6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容,请与我们联系,我们立即纠正。
- 7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。
最新文档
- 保安培训教案
- 食品安全专业知识
- 服装批发市场房产转让协议模板
- 流行病怎预防
- 玩具公司法务聘用合同
- 挖掘机港口物流协议
- 酒店总经理任职合同及条款
- 私人影棚建造合同
- 矿山安全清罐施工协议
- 糖尿病分娩护理
- 重点关爱学生帮扶活动记录表
- 分层抽样设计案例分析
- 2023年-2024年食品安全快速检测考试题库及答案
- 幼儿园大班健康绘本《牙齿旅行记》课件
- GB/T 31384-2024旅游景区公共信息导向系统设置规范
- 2024年榆林能源集团有限公司招聘笔试参考题库附带答案详解
- 母语为英语的汉语学习者习得汉语语音的偏误分析及教学对策
- 一病一品糖尿病
- 2024海上风电无人机巡检技术规范
- 无人机生涯规划
- 出行方式绿色出行
评论
0/150
提交评论