高考英语语法填空题有提示词解题技巧

2017高考英语语法填空题解题技巧第二部分：有提示词 考点五：谓语动词（与主语构成主谓结构）1. I was certain she would like it because I _ (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food. 2. His fear of failure _ (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joyous abandon. 3. Being too anxious to help an event develop often _ (result) in the contrary to our intention.解题技巧 当句中缺少谓语动词时，括号中的动词就是谓语动词。此时要考虑_、_、_、_等四个方面。【确定时态的3条依据】：(1)依据上下文时态一致。看上下文谓语动词是什么时态(过去/现在/将来)，空格要填的动词时态一般应与上下文的时态一致。这是高考语法填空中确定时态的最重要的依据。但需注意：客观事实或真理可能时态不一致；直接引语的时态会与引号外的时态不一致。(2)依据并列谓语动词的时态一致。(3)依据时间状语。如recently, so far, up to now, up to the present, in the past few years常与现在完成时连用；by the end of, since 1980, for three years常与完成时连用。提示：尽管课标或考纲中列出了10种时态，但近两年全国卷和九年广东卷的高考真题只考查了一般现在时和一般过去时两种时态。练习1. (2013广东卷) Suddenly, he _ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt”2. (2010广东卷) After a four-day journey, the young man _ (present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink3. Whatever she _ (say) will not make any difference to our arrangements.4. (2015卷I) It was raining lightly when I _(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didnt care. 5. (2015卷I) Yangshuo _ (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers conducted by the website Trip Advisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.6. (2015卷II) At the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle _ (go) day after day. The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. 7. (2014卷I) In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It _(be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. 8. (2014卷II) A boy on a bike _ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.9. (2014广东卷) but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We _(tell) that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week10. It is reported that a space station _(build) on the moon in years to come. 考点六：非谓语动词（与主语构成主谓结构）1. We must also consider the reaction of the person 32_ (receive) the gift. 2. I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left _ (complete) the rest! 3. My pupils, Donnie 40_ (include), adored her. 4. Before the waitress could even finish describing the menu, my friend looked at me with his eyebrows(眉毛) _ (raise). 解题技巧当句中已有谓语动词，横线前又没有并列连词与括号中的动词并列时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。此时，就要根据非谓语动词的用法确定用具体的某种形式(doing, done, to do)。练习1. (2015卷I) Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people _ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.2. (2015卷II) The adobe dwellings(土坯房) _ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by3. (2015卷II) When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough _ (cool) the house during the hot day. 4. (2014卷I) But the river wasnt changed in a few days or even a few months. It took years of work _ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 5. (2014卷II) One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _ (be) late for school. 6. (2014卷II) I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _(stop) until we reached the next stop. 7. _(smoke) may cause cancer, so you should give it up.8. Jack, a hard-working student, is always the first _(come) to school and the last to leave. 9. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees _(sell) the wood. (2015广东卷)10. Last week, I took part in an English speech contest _ (hold) in our school.考点七：词性转换（介词、冠词、所有格后接名词；形容词修饰名词；副词修饰形容词动词或整个句子）1. “Thirty-five cents,” she said 36_ (rude).2. As far as I am concerned, my 37 _ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. 3. This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their _ (nature) course. 4. _ (doubt), although there is still room for improvement to this policy, I think it is still a good one which brings more good than harm to the students and the nation. 解题技巧 当空格处所需词类与括号中所给词的词类不同时,就需要词类转换。这类题一般可根据以下5点顺利解决：（1）作主语或宾语用_形式。（2）在形容词性物主代词、冠词(+形容词)、不定代词(some, any, a lot of等)、介词后还没有名词时，就用_形式。（3）作定语、表语或补足语用_形式。（4）作状语，修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，或放在句首修饰全句，用_。（5）当所给词的词性与空格处所需词的词性相同时，无需改变词性，而可能是只改变词义但不改变词性的前缀或后缀，也可能用其比较级或最高级。练习1. (2015卷II) In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their _ (able) to “air condition” a house without using electric equipment.2. (2015卷II) Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat _ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house.3. (2015卷II) As _ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.4. (2014卷I) Just be _(patience).5. (2014卷II) Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers _(sudden) became friendly to one another.6. I consider it _(use) for us to use English-English dictionary.7. In Alaska, the wolf almost _ (appear) a few years ago, because hunters were killing hundreds of them for sport.8. He failed his maths examination because of his _ (care) work.9. The number of foreign _ (visit) rose from 23,480 in 2009 to 116,209 in 2013.10. He experienced great _ (difficult) in getting a visa to leave the country.考点八：形容词副词的比较等级（通常，有表示范围的in /of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级；than的前面一定要用比较级）1.One of the 33_ (bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher 2. We were both laughing the whole time at our complete inability to communicate in words. When it was time to leave, I said “thank you” in Korean, using some of the few words I had learned. I felt _ (lonely) than I had expected that night. 3. Lucille Clifton is an award-winning poet and writer. Critics call her one of the _ (great) writers of our time.解题技巧 当括号中所给词是形容词或副词，且空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词时，要根据语境,理解句意，若该词意思不变，逻辑上讲得通,就很可能填该词的比较级或最高级。注意：要善于分析语境,辨别省略了than的隐性比较级。练习1. (2014 I) Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is _ (clean) than ever. 2. (2011广东卷) I left it early because I had an appointment _ (late) that day.3. (2010广东卷) “The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be _ (sweet).”4. (2008广东卷)he would pluck up all of his crop a few inches. He did so the next day he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” _ (high).5. Your yard is big, but I think theirs is _(big). 考点九：名词（做主语或宾语）1. (2015卷I65) seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese _ (painting). 2. (2014卷I49) While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the _(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.解题技巧 名词在句中的典型用法就是作主语或宾语(位于及物动词或介词后)。如果括号中所给词是名词，又是在句中作主语或宾语时，就无需作词类转换，应考虑是否需要用复数形式。练习1. We will be exploring different _ (approach) to gathering information.2. I broke the chocolate into _(half) and heres your half.3. The sisters were treated as local _ (hero) after rescuing a two-year-old boy from drowning.4. The club provides a wide variety of _ (activity) including tennis, swimming and cycling.5. Sometimes they attribute their _ (student) poor comprehension to a lack of intelligence.【巩固练习】1. IfirstmetTom10yearsago.He_(work)inaradiofactoryatthattime.2. Nowadays, basic health care services are _(access) to almo