实用商务项目设计概要.ppt

PracticalBusinessProjectandProposalDesign实用商务项目设计,LecturedbyWuQinger,Designyourproject,Whatisaproject?Aprojectisaplannedseriesofactivitiescarriedoutinordertoachievesomespecificobjectivesinaspecificperiodoftime.,Designyourproject,Yourprojectwillbetotakeasmallbusinesswhichyouarefamiliarwith,andproduceasimpleBusinessProposalforasmallprojectthatcouldbecarriedoutbythebusinesstomakeitbigger,better,moreprofitable,ormoreefficient.,1.Analysisofthebusiness,(1)Thecurrentstateofthebusiness,Analysisofthebusiness,Whatisthemainbusiness,whereisitlocated,howbigisthebusiness,etc.?,Analysisofthebusiness,(2)Currentbusinessanalysis.,Howisthebusinessgoingonatpresent?Whatisthepresentstateofthebusiness?Isitmakingprofitnow?Howbigisitnow?,(3)Financialperformance.Howisthefinancialsituationofthebusiness,suchastheturnover（营业额）,therevenue（收入）andprofitexpected,(4)Existingproblems.,Whatarethethingsthatneedtobeimproved?Whatarethemajorproblemsisthebusinessnowfacing?Howtomakethebusinessdevelopfurther?,2.CustomersAnalysis,Whatdoyourcustomersneedandwant?Whoareyourtargetcustomers?Whyaretheyyourcustomers?,3.FocusGroup,Classifiedseparategroupsofasmallnumberofyourcustomers.Eachgrouprepresentsatypeofcustomers.Differentgroupsmayhavedifferentviewsandexpectationsonyourproject.,3.FocusGroup,Questionnaire:,Youshouldprepareanumberofquestionsaboutyourbusinessthatyouwanttoknowtheanswersto.Thequestionsshouldbefocusedonyourbusiness.Trytogetandlistthecomplaintsandsuggestionsaboutyourbusiness.,4.SWOTAnalysis,Strength,weakness,opportunityandthreats,4.SWOTAnalysis,Strength:Whatarethethingsyourbusinessgoodat?Whatdoesyourbusinesshavethatmakesitstrongorbetterthanothersimilarbusiness.,4.SWOTAnalysis,Weakness:Whatarethethingsyourbusinessisnotverygoodat,whatdoesyourbusinessnothave,whichmakesitlesssuccessfulthanothers?Whatdisadvantagesdoesyourbusinesssufferfromincomparisonofothers.,4.SWOTAnalysis,Opportunities:Whatarethethingswhichyoucoulddobutyoudontdoatpresent?Whataretherethatyoucouldmakeuseoftoimproveorexpandyourbusiness?,4.SWOTAnalysis,Threats:Whatdangersaretherewhichmightharmyourbusiness?Whatrisktoyourbusinessistherefromyourcompetitors?,5.Planningtheactivitiesforyourobjectives,Youshoulddecideontheobjectivesofyourprojectandplanindetailallthethingsyouwillhavetodotoreachthoseobjectives.SMART:Specific（具体）,Measurable（可衡量）,Agreed（能得到各方的赞同）,Realistic（符合实际）andTime-bound（有明确的时间表）,Someoftheactivitiesshouldbedonebeforeotheractivitiesandsomeoftheactivitiescanbehappeningatthesametime.Trytoworkouttheconnectionsbetweenactivitiesandlisttheactivitiesintherightsequence.Byarrangingtheactivitysequencesandmakingthecritical（关键性的）pathwithdifferentarrows,youmayproduceanActivityFlowChart.,5.CostBreakdown（成本分析）,Costscanbedividedintotwomajorkinds.Initialcostandrecurrent（经常的）cost.,5.CostBreakdown,Initialcostincludesthepreliminary（初步的）costsforyourproject,suchascostsforbuyingmaterialsforredecoration,thelabourcostforredecoration,officeequipment,advertisingandpromotionexpenses,registrationfees,andsoon.,5.CostBreakdown,Recurrentcostincludesannualrentalofthepremisesandtheoperatingbudget,suchasemployeesswages,equipmentmaintenanceexpenses,utilities（公共事务）expense,consultancyfees,transportationexpense,etc.,5.CostBreakdown,Intheend,youhavetoworkoutsubtotals（小计）foreachcategoryandproducetheoveralltotalcostforyourproject.,6.Stakeholder（厉害关系方）analysis,Oneofthemostusefulthingstodoistocarryoutastakeholderanalysistoidentifythepeoplemostconcernedwiththeproject.Fromityoucanseeifthereisanychancethattheymightcauseproblemsfortheproject.,Stakeholderanalysis,Stakeholdersarepeople,institutions（社会公共机构）ororganizationswhohaveaninterestintheprojectbeingcarriedout.Theycanbebroadlydividedintofourgroups:clients（当事人）,customers,projectstaffandothers.,Stakeholderanalysis,Clientsmayincludepeoplewhoprovidethefundsormoneyfortheproject.Thismaybeyourself,yourfamily,abankoryourshareholdersandthepeoplewhowantyoutocarryouttheproject.,Stakeholderanalysis,Customersmayincludethetargetrecipientsofyourproject.,Projectstaffmayincludemanagementteamorimplementationteam.,Stakeholderanalysis,Otherstakeholdermayincludetheownerofthebuildinginwhichyourbusinessislocated,organizationswhosepermissionoragreementmaybeneededforyourproject,andsoon.,7.RiskAnalysis（风险分析）andManagement（管理、评估和监控）,Indesigningourproject,youhavetoknowthatlifeisrarelyperfectandthingsdonthappenexactlyasplanned.,RiskAnalysisandManagement,Whatyouneedtodoistoseewhatproblemsmightariseandhowserioustheymightbe,iftherearemattersorpeoplewhichcouldcauseseriousdelaysorevenmaketheprojectfail.Youcanplanwhatyoucandoinadvancetoavoidthepossibleproblems.,Riskanalysis,Youneedtolookforrisksinthefollowingmainareas:Peoplerelated:Willpeopledowhattheyaresupposedtodo?Isthereanyonewhomightcauserealproblemsfortheproject?Willpeoplebeabletodothingsinthetimeallowed?,Riskanalysis,Timerelated:Arethereanypartsoftheprojectwhereadelaywillcauseseriousproblemsfortheproject?,Riskanalysis,Productrelated:Willthingssuppliedtotheprojectbeexactlywhatyouwant?Isthereadangerthattheremightbefaultsintheequipmentneededfortheproject?Willeverythingyouwantbeavailable?,Riskanalysis,Marketrelated,technologyrelated,businessrelated,etc.,Avoidtherisks,Afterriskanalysisyoushouldthinkofsomemeasurestoavoidtherisksandsetasideacertainpercentageofthetotalbudgetascontingency（可能性）allowancefortheunexpectedrisks.,8.TheProjectFramework（框架）,Itisawayofsettingoutalltheessentialdetailsofaprojectinanorderlyandlogicalway.Itisakeydocumentonwhichallelementsofplanningofyourprojectarebased.,I.Title（题目）II.Transmittals（报告传达书，包括作者姓名、单位、呈送对象和日期）III.Contents（目录）IV.Summary（总结、提要、摘要、概要）V.Introduction（引言、导言、导语、序言）VI.Findings(body)（正文）VII.Conclusions（结论）VIII.Recommendations（建议、意见）IX.References（参考资料）X.Appendices（附录、附件）格式：所有的报告必须用同意的格式打印。标题采用“word”的三号字体，正文采用“四号”字体，.倍行间距，A4纸。,Title:CampusBookshopExpansionProjectProposalforBookshopExpansionSubmittedto:Mr.LiFengDirectorXiaoYuanBranchOfficeBankofCommunicationPreparedby:YanyanSecretaryBankofCommunicationTel:84272310Fax:84272310E-mail:lifengDate:June12,2002,完成过程,分为以下四个阶段，12周完成。第一阶段：学员独立通读教科书，初步了解商务项目的选择与计划过程，以及每个阶段的基本要求，在指导教师的指导下确定商务项目。,第二阶段：按照教材第二、三部分的要求进行调查分析，完成并上交商业分析、顾客状况，核心小组访谈、SWOT分析及目标分析5项报告，并与指导教师商讨所遇到的问题与困难。第三阶段：完成教材第四部分涉及的调查分析，完成并上交项目实施进度表、项目实施流程图、成本分析、项目框架图及风险分析。在指导教师的指导下修改