广东省广州市2020届高三英语上学期调研测试题（12月第一次模拟考试）试题（含解析）

广东省广州市2020届高三英语上学期调研测试题（12月第一次模拟考试）试题（含解析）本试卷共10页，满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用铅笔在答题卡的相应位置填涂考生号。因听力另考，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案信息点涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。写在本试卷上无效。3. 回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。4. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATurkey - Yakamoz HotelEstablished 1992Yakamoz is a small and friendly hotel situated near Fethiye in South-West Turkey. Offering traditional Turkish hospitality, fabulous Mediterranean cuisine, and charming gardens, Yakamoz delights all who enter its gates. All rooms have bathrooms and balconies; Open April to late October; 2020 rates - twin rooms 20 per person - incl. breakfast; Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet magazine Email: CastawaysSpecialist tailor-made holidays to Mallorca,Spain, Madeira, Portugal, The Canary Islands,Cyprus and France.* * * * *Quote Lonely Planet MAGAZINE TO SAVE50 per PERSON ON YOUR 2020 HOLIDAY.* * * * *01737 812255www.castaways.co.ukONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTUREThe Desert, the Andes and the Amazon on a spectacular 2-week Self Drive guided holiday. Reach locations in South America others can only dream of with Peru Safari. PERU SAFARIThe heart of adventure T: 01744 889819 orM: 07522 776160E: W: Rail Holidays of the World Discover Peru and Brazils cultural highlights by train; Explore California by steam and railroad; Travel by rail into Eastern Canadas remote wilderness; Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia & New Zealand in early 2020.Over 40 Years of Unforgettable RailJourneys FFestingiog T 0017 5124001. What is the cost for 2 nights of accommodation for 2 people at the Yakamoz Hotel with the Lonely Planet discount?A. 88.B. 80.C. 72.D. 64.2. Rail holidays are available for _.A. North America, Europe and AustraliaB. North America, South America and AsiaC. Australia, Asia and EuropeD. North America, South America and Australia3. How many advertisements offer holidays to Peru?A. One.B. Two.C. Three.D. Four.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】本文属于广告，介绍四条旅游线路及宾馆。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一部分2020 rates - twin rooms 20 per person - incl. breakfast; Show this ad to get an exclusive 10% Lonely Planet magazine discount.可知，每个人20英镑一晚上，两人两夜共80英镑，10%的优惠，故需付72英镑，故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一部分Discover Peru and Brazils cultural highlights by train Explore California by steam and railroad; Travel by rail into Eastern Canadas remote wilderness; Take a fabulous rail tour of Australia & New Zealand in early 2020.可知，该旅行线路经过北美洲、澳大利亚以及南美洲，故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三个广告ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE以及第四个广告中Discover Peru and Brazils cultural highlights by train可知，提供到秘鲁旅行的有ONCE IN A LIFETIME PERU ADVENTURE 和Rail Holidays of the World，共计两则广告，故选B。BAcross the world, studies have consistently found that girls perform significantly better than boys in reading. These studies show that girls typically read more frequently than boys, and have a more positive attitude toward reading.There are several reasons that help explain these gender-based differences. Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage. Recent research has found even though boys read less frequently than girls, girls still receive more encouragement to read from their parents.So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys reading?To improve boys reading performance, parents and educators may look for ways to connect boys with reading. This has led to discussion about the importance of promoting so-called “boy-friendly” books that boys supposedly “prefer” These are typically assumed to be non-fiction works, as many people believed that boys prefer to read non-fiction.But this belief is not supported by recent research, which in fact suggests boys are more likely to choose to read fiction than non-fiction. Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is their preference may actually be harmful. Fiction readers read more frequently and demonstrate faster language learning and higher language ability.Besides encouraging more fiction reading, there are a number of ways that we can help connect boys with books. Firstly, dont assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling. Girls visit the library in their free time more than boys, and as students move to higher grades they often have less access to libraries during class. Access to books for boys is essential to promote reading.In addition, we should keep paper books available because research shows that boys are less likely to choose to read on screens than girls. Finally we should promote reading as an enjoyable pastime by being a role model. Let your children or students see you read for pleasure.4. According to the author, what is the main cause of the difference in boys and girls reading ability?A. Social factors.B. Teaching methods.C. Personal preferences.D. Psychological differences.5. Why does the author recommend that adults regularly talk to boys about reading?A. To persuade boys to read more often.B. To learn what boys are most interested in.C. To help boys improve their language ability.D. To show that adults are good reading role models.6. When should schools give students additional library access according to the author?A. Before and after class.B. At any time of the school day.C. At regular times during class.D. When they are in the lower grades.7. What is the main purpose of the text?A. To show students ways to improve their reading.B. To explain why boys are not as good at reading as girls.C. To urge governments to provide more reading resources.D. To provide strategies that can help improve boys reading ability.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D【解析】本文属于科普文，介绍女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage.可知，父母与女儿读书的机会更多，同时也给大家传递一条信息，书籍是为女孩提供的，故推断出，出现差异主要原因是社会因素，故选A.【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段Firstly, dont assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.可知，不要认为同年男孩的兴趣都一样或者兴趣保持不变，因此需要定期和孩子讨论阅读内容，从而知道其兴趣的变化，提供相应的阅读材料，可知这么做的原因是帮助了解孩子的兴趣，故选B。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling.可知，学校应该在学年读书期间让孩子能够得以使用图书馆，故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys reading?可知，本文主要讲述女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法，故选D。C“Anything you want, anytime you need it.”The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.One found its way to the desk of Chris Lin, a business reporter at The Post. The card was beautifully designed a black background with the words printed out in crisp white letters. There was no explanation on the back, just a website address.Chris went to the website. Its style was identical to the cards and said: “Anytime: Starting Tomorrow.”The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytimes marketing had worked it was a household name before itd even made a single sale.When the opening came, that day at noon, the Anytime website suddenly had a single field that read, “What do you want?” All you had to do was type the words into that box, and then specify how quickly you wanted your item delivered: within one, ten, or twenty-four hours.Bloggers were the first to test the service. And their reviews were glowing. Within weeks, Anytime had become a part of daily life. Nobody used other delivery sites or the post anymore as Anytime was much cheaper and faster.Chris still wondered what exactly Anytime was. He tried to find out who owned the company, but it was registered in a small country that did not require such information to be made public. He did find some interesting facts, though. Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.Chris began making a list of all the people who had something terrible happen to them after opposing or criticising Anytime. By lunch, he had more than one hundred examples. Something was definitely wrong. Chris worked on his list the rest of the day, emailing people who could provide more information and looking through newspaper records. After working through the night, an exhausted Chris finally fell asleep at his desk at 4 a.m.When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.8. What was on the front of the card sent to Chris Lin?A. An invitation to a company opening.B. The website address of a new company.C. The words “Anytime: Starting tomorrow”.D. The words “Anything you want, anytime you need it”.9. Why did the company choose to send the cards to many news reporters?A. Because it didnt have enough money for traditional advertising.B. Because it wanted to attract the reporters as customers.C. So the reporters would write stories about the new company.D. So people would find the new company interesting.10. What did Chris s research suggest about Anytime?A. It may be very dangerous.B. Its popularity would soon decrease.C. It was doing business all over the world.D. It was being widely criticised by journalists.11. How did Chris feel at the end of the story?A. Scared that he would get into trouble.B. Confident that he would find the truth.C. Nervous about what the company would do.D. Satisfied that he had discovered the companys secret.【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B【解析】本文属于故事，介绍所有新闻记者的电脑桌面上都是关于Anytime的信息，引发了记者们的注意力，让其成为人们话题，同时任何反对Anytime的人都会遭遇到严重麻烦，但是Chris相信自己找到了真相。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一二段“Anything you want, anytime you need it.” The message appeared on computer screens across the country at the same time, on the same day: December 12th, at 12 p.m. Simultaneously, important looking envelopes containing cards with the same message were hand-delivered to the offices of all the major news companies.可知，卡片上的信息与电脑屏幕上的信息一致，故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段The next day websites and blogs were filled with articles theorising about Anytime. Was it a shopping website like Tao Bao or Amazon? A joke? Something illegal? Anytimes marketing had worked - it was a household name before itd even made a single sale.可知，第二天所有的新闻网站和博客都是关于Anytime的内容，让Anytime还没做出销售就很出名了，这么做是为了吸引记者讨论Anytime，为宣传作攻势，故选C。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段Anyone who challenged the company, it seemed, met with serious trouble. A government official critical of Anytime for avoiding tax was forced to leave his position after news stories suddenly appeared claiming he was dishonest. The head of another company taking Anytime to court died in a car accident just days before the case was to begin.可知，任何挑战Anytime的人都遇到严重的问题，比如一个批评Anytime逃税的官员被爆出不忠被迫辞职，另外一家把它告到法庭的公司老板在案件开始前遭遇车祸去世，由此可知，挑战Anytime的人会遇到麻烦，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段When he woke a few hours later, there was a message flashing on his computer screen: “Stop making trouble.” Chris smiled. He had no intention of stopping now that he knew he was on the right track.可知，当电脑屏幕上出现信息的时候，不要再捣乱，他笑了，根本没打算停下来，因为他在往正确的道路上行进，可知Chris相信自己找对了发现真相的方向，故选B。DInside a secured room in a beautiful castle near Paris, a small metal cylinder (圆柱体) rests on a shelf beneath a double set of bell jars. It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the rooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.First, the cylinder is rubbed with a piece of soft, alcohol-soaked cloth. Then it is steamed with pure water. Finally, the 1kg cylinder is returned, carefully, to its resting place.Such attention to a lump of metal is unusual, but has a purpose. The castle houses the International Bureau of Weights and Measures and that piece of shining, circular metal is its holiest relic. It is the defining mass (质量)against which all other kilograms are measured. This is the international prototype, or standard, of the kilogram. The IPK, in short.Dozens of carefully weighted copies of the original have been made. They are stored around the world and used to standardise individual nations weights and measures systems.But the days of the IPK, in its current form, are numbered. The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement based on electric current in order to define the mass of an object. The king of kilograms is about to be dethroned.“One key reason for doing this work is to provide international security,” says Bureau spokesman Paul Robinson. “If the castle burned down tomorrow and the kilogram was destroyed, we would have no reference left for the worlds metric weights system. There would be chaos. The current definition of the kilogram is the weight of that cylinder in Paris, after all.”Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements. “Drug companies will soon be wanting to use ingredients that will have to be measured in terms of a few millionths or even billionths of a gram,” says Robinson. “We need to be prepared to weigh substances with that kind of accuracy.”12. What do we know about the IPK from the first two paragraphs?A. Its cared for with great devotion.B. Its used in religious ceremonies.C. Its beautifully designed and decorated.D. Its the most valuable metal in the world.13. Which of the following best explains “dethroned” underlined in paragraph 5?A. rebuiltB. removedC. destroyedD. upgraded14. What is a reason for replacing the current IPK?A. To protect the metal cylinder from damage.B. To make taking measurements more economical.C. To provide all countries with the same standard.D. To satisfy the increasing demand for exactness.15. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. No more kilosB. A heavy technologyC. The future of the kiloD. The history of measures【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C【解析】本文属于说明文，介绍国际公斤原器以及将要被电子类型替代。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段It has lain there for more than a century, its rest only occasionally disturbed when the rooms three key holders perform a coordinated opening ceremony to let technicians enter and clean this precious piece of metal.可知，圆柱体被放置在那里差不多一个世纪了，只有当举行开幕式需要技术人员进入清扫的时候，才受到影响，可知这个圆柱体受到极大的保护，故选A。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段The International Bureau of Weights and Measures has decided to replace this single physical specimen with a more fundamental measurement - based on electric current - in order to define the mass of an object.可知，国际度量衡局决定将用一个更基础的测量方式来替代这个单一的物理模型，新的测量方式以电流为基础，这可以更好定义一个物体的质量，因而可知，这个仪器将要退役，故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段Another major motivation for the replacement of the IPK is the growing need to be able to carry out more and more precise measurements.可知，替换现有的IPK是因为越来越精确测量的需求，故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述现有的IPK将要被新的模型替代，以及替代的原因，故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It was the 2020 “super storm” in New South Wales that restored my faith in people.During a break in the weather, I stupidly decided to drive into town to buy some groceries. However, as I left the supermarket and drove back, the weather took a turn for the worse. _16_ Having nowhere to go, I spotted a young man in his front yard assessing the situation. He quickly waved to me to come and park in his driveway._17_.The man, who introduced himself as Trent, then invited me to wait inside his house with his wife, Kayti and their two daughters. I told him I was concerned about the damage to my car, as the continuing rain was starting to turn into hail (冰雹).Trent then grabbed a blanket from his garage and covered my car. _18_ Fortunately, his efforts saved my car from being damaged by the hail.By 11:00 a.m., the electricity and phone services had both gone. _19_ Trent made me a cup of tea and Kayti gave me a towel to dry myself off. The three of us chatted while waiting for the weather to get better. I learned that Trent had lost his job and was struggling to feed the family.When the hail stopped, I shook Trents hand and kissed Kayti goodbye. _20_ I was very moved by their kindness and it renewed my faith in peo