非谓语(-ed)讲解

非谓语动词的句法功能主语宾语物件补充语言标语归属副词不定式尼姆尼姆尼姆尼姆尼姆尼姆n .名词尼姆尼姆尼姆尼姆现在喷射尼姆尼姆尼姆尼姆过去分词法尼姆尼姆尼姆尼姆非谓词问题阶段填空时，首先分析句子结构，如果句子中有谓语动词而不是谓语，则给定的动词必须使用非谓语动词。然后分析这个非谓语动词在句子中构成什么样的句子成分，最初构成该成分的应该是什么样的非谓语动词形式。最后根据非谓语动词的特点和用法判断谓语动词是否有特殊要求，结合与逻辑主语的关系，决定要填充什么样的形式。按照以下四个步骤可以得到答案第一，分析句子结构，区分“谓语和非谓语”。第二，寻找逻辑主语非谓语动词不能用作谓语，但有动词特性，所以逻辑动作执行者被称为逻辑主语。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ these pictures，I couldn t help thinking of those days when I was in beijin。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ from the top of a thirty-storey building，Beijing looks more magnificent。(see)三、分析语音分析语音是确定逻辑主题后，分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语一起使用时是主动关系还是被动关系。1.the dirty clothes _ _ _ _ _ _ _，the girl hung them up outside。2._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the dirty clothes，the girl hung them up outside。A.was washedB.washedC.were washedD.having washed第四，分析时态1.the building _ c _ _ now will be a restaurant。2.the building _ _ b _ _ next year will be a restaurant。3.the building _ _ d _ _ _ last year is a restaurant。A.having been builtB.to be builtC.being builtD.built解释非谓语动词(done)的使用空手补充宾语和宾内动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，使用-ed形式。例如：while she was getting me _ _(settle)into a tiny but clean room.想法分析：因为谓语was getting已经在句子中了，所以settle必须是动词而不是谓语。和o/in/on.(让某人舒服)可以看出，me和settle是过去分词必须用空手填补的被动关系。注意：(1)在with中的对象后使用-ed形式意味着对象和-ed形式在逻辑上是被动关系，并且动作已经完成2) get.done=have sth.done邀请某人(被动)。(3)make oneself把understood(下载)、heard(阅读)、seen(阅读)、known(阅读)等写空，以便别人理解自己的意思，或者让别人听到/知道自己说的话。例如：亚历山大树ed to get his work _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(recognize)in the medical circles。Recognized。调查“get object过去分词”结构。里面的“对象”和后面的“过去分词”之间有被动关系。作为副词(1)表示时间、让步、方法或伴随情况时，如果在逻辑上与句子主语是被动关系，则使用-ed形式。(2)在“连词(如when、while、if、though等)”分词的结构中，分词与主主语被动关系时，使用-ed形式。(。例如：though _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(surprise)to seeus，the professor gave us a warm welcome。The professor和surprise是被动关系，因此使用“连词过去分词法”作为副词的surprised。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(see)from the top of the tower，the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees。Seen，the south foot和see是被动关系，所以必须选择过去分词作为副词。the experiement shows that proper amounts of exercise，if _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(carry)out regular，can improve our health由于carried，exercise和carry out(进行，执行)之间的被动关系，如果使用“连词过去分词法”作为副词，则if carried out regular rly相当于if it is carried out regular rly三大属性分词为属性：修改后的名词和分词为被动关系时使用-ed形式。例如：I m calling to enquire about the position _ _ _(advertise)in yesterday s China daily。使用过去分词作为属性，因为Advertised、position和advertise是被动关系，广告昨天发布了。so far nobody has claimed the money _ _ _ _ _ _(discover)in the library。货币收集是指钱已经“找到”，使用过去分词作为“属性”，因为钱是“被动”的关系。四个标语以分词为表语，主语的性质是puzzled、surprised、excited等-ed分词表示“(人)感受到的”。实例分析1 Mrs . white shoved her students some old maps _ _ _ _ _(borrow)from the library。borrowed，因为Maps和borrow是被动的；再据马文说，地图是“已经”借来的，所以用过去分词作定语。2 the living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already _ _ _ _(lay)for a meal to be coked。Laid，lay a table这个词组的意思是“摆桌子”。table和lay这个短语使用过去分词作为属性，因为它们彼此是被动关系。3 a great number of students _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _(question)said they were forced to practice toQuestioned使用过去分词作为属性，因为students和question是被动关系。4 Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues _ _ _ _ _ _ _(amuse)with her stories。Amused是Lucy让同事“心情好”的意思，意思是“心情好”，用-ed的形式填充癌症used。5 almost 33 (freeze)，the old man could not get off the ground。Frozen，句子主题the old man和freeze(冻僵)是被动关系，所以用过去分词作为原因副词。6 it was a presidential talk 33(deliver)at a time of economic uncertainty for many American families。Delivered，把过去分词作为后属性。非谓语动词的可能测试点和容易出错点：a)使用非谓语动词的语言结构。(1)在“句子，and/or/but句子”的并列句子结构中，可以调查“以动词的原形开始”的命令形式，四个答案看起来好像不是谓语，但实际上可以调查谓语。1._ _ _ _ _ _ _ hard and you will succed in the exam。2._ _ _ _ _ _ hard or you will fail in the exam。A.study b . to study c . studening d . stuied回答：A A(2)在“句、非句”结构中，非句部分使用非谓语：3.the teacher devoted his life to his career，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ most of his studens successful in study。A.make B. to make C. making D. made 回答：c(3)在“非句、句”结构中，在非句部分使用非谓语：4._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ with children，I know what is need most。A.working b . having worked c . worked d . to work回答：b(4)在“with object compatibility language”结构中，对象补充语言可以使用非谓语动词：5.with her baby _ _ _ _ _ on her back，the woman was cleaning the rich man s house。A.sleep b . sleep c . to sleep d . sleeping回答：d6.with his hair _ _ _ _ _ _ _ like a role in the film，the boy felt very cool .A.cut B. to be cut C. cutting D. to cut 回答：b(5)驱动器/leave/keep/make/have/let/get/find/hear.通过等，在动词或感觉动词后创建宾语补语时，也可以使用非谓语动词。7.he made his sister _ _ _ _ by taking away her toy。8.his sister was made _ _ _ _ _ _ by his taking away her toy。A.cry B. to cry C. crying D. cried 回答：A B9.the police man found the thief _ _ _ his hand into an old man s pocket and arrested him .A.put B. putting C. to put D. being put 回答：bb)非谓语动词测试点错误点：1)表面测试分词，实际测试形容词的情况：10._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _，he fell asleep quickly。A.Tire B. Tiring C. Tired D. To tire 回答：c11.the man won a big prize，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _。A.surprised快乐B. surprising快乐C.surprisedPleasant D. surprisingPleased 回答：a12._ _ in thought of the problems，the man didn t realize his girl friend s coming in。A.losing b . lost c . to lose d . having lost回答：b13.the students _ _ _ _ _ _ in art can sign in the form and be a member of our school。A.interest b . interesting c . interested d . to interest回答：c2)在“被动形式倡议”的情况下提问：14._ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a white skirt，the girl looks like a angel。a . worn b . wear c . dressed in d . dressing回答：c(在wear后面添加衣服；Dress表示行动时不穿衣服，在后面添加人。Be dressed in是进化成形容