必修2 Module1 Our Body and Healthy Habits重难知识点总结

Unit 1. Our Body and Healthy Habits(身体与健康)一. 重点词汇及拓展 1.diet n&vi.饮食；照医生的规定饮食2saying n谚语3eye vt.注视；观看4rare adj.稀少的；罕有的rarely adv.稀少地；难得5unhealthy adj.不健康的；有碍健康的healthy (反义词)adj.健康的；有益于健康的6wealthy adj.富裕的；有钱的wealth n财富，财产 7.injure n伤害；损伤；受伤处injury n伤害，损害8pain n疼痛painful adj.疼痛的9normal adj.正常的；一般的normality n标准，常态10head vi.朝方向前进head n头，头脑；首脑10head vi.朝方向前进head n头，头脑；首脑11breathe vi.呼吸breath n呼吸 12insurance n保险insure vt.为投保13anxious adj.焦虑的anxiety n焦虑 二. 重点短语1.be connected with与有联系2take exercise锻炼3be crazy about迷恋；对着迷4have a temperature发烧5lie down躺下 6.begin with以开始7o.将投入 8become ill生病9pay for为付钱10health insurance健康保险三.重点句型1.But thats because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain.但那是因为我太傻了，竟然在雨中踢足球。2祈使句or/otherwise/and陈述句四. 语法1.Nouns used as verbs(名词用作动词)2Will/be going to for future actions(will/be going to表将来动作) 一. 重点词汇及拓展1diet n饮食，节食vi.&vt.节食，使节食，让按规定饮食归纳拓展be on a diet节食，在节食go on a diet节食put sb.on a diet让某人节食keep a balanced diet保持均衡饮食 同类辨析diet与food(1)diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物，如病人的疗养饮食。注意：diet是可数名词，常与不定冠词a连用。(2)food是一般用法，凡能吃喝的具有营养的东西都称food。food是不可数名词，但在表示食品的种类时，可以用复数。 例句：He is too fat and his parents often persuade him to_.他太胖了，他父母经常劝他节食。Its important to_. 保持均衡饮食很重要。No sugar in my coffee，please. Im _.请不要给我的咖啡放糖，我在节食。 【链接训练】Its hot. Would you like some ice cream?Id like some，but Im_.Ain a diet Bon diet Cin diet Don a diet 2fit adj.适合的；适当的；健康的；能胜任的；合格的 vt.(使)适合；(使)符合；使(服装)合身；使胜任 (1)be fit for适合，合乎，胜任be fit (for sb.) to do sth.适合(某人)干It is fit that.适合It is fit for sb. to do sth.某人做是合适的keep/stay fit保持健康 (2)fit in(with)安排时间见(某人)，安排时间做某事，相处融洽，适应fit.to.使与相符合 例句：She tries to _ by jogging every day.她每天慢跑以保持健康。Hes been ill and _ work yet.他一直在生病，还不能工作。 The dress doesnt _ me.我穿这件衣服不合身。 【链接训练】He runs three miles every morning. Thats why he is so _.Awell Bhealthy Csound Dfit 3.anxiousbeanxiousaboutsth(sb)为某事或某人担心或担忧beanxiousforsth渴望/期盼某事物beanxious (for sb)todosth渴望(希望，想要)要做某事beanxiousforsbtodosth渴望(希望，想要)要某人做某事be anxious that sb should/would渴望;非常希望例句：I _the children when they didnt come back from school.孩子们没从学校回来，我就为他们担心。They were anxious _.他们盼望援助物品被迅速送到。We_your safe return.我们盼望你平安归来。She is _watch the famous conductor.她非常渴望见到那位著名的指挥家。 eager与anxious(1)eager指以巨大的热情渴望实现或达到目的，含有积极向上的意义。(2)anxious指热切地希望实现愿望，强调担心和焦虑，对结果感到不安。例句：She is eager to go to college，but anxious about not passing the entrance examinations. 【链接训练】Naturally we are only too anxious_about the result after the exam.Anot to learn Blearning Cto learn Dnot learning 4injure vt.伤害，损害归纳拓展(1)be badly/seriously/critically injured严重受伤injure ones pride/selfesteem伤害某人的自尊心(2)injured adj. 受伤的the injured伤者(3)injury n(对躯体的)伤害，损伤；(对感情的)伤害；挫伤do sb.an injurydo an injury to sb.伤害某人 例句：One of the players injured his knee and had to be carried off. Your remarks may injure her pride. 同类辨析injure，hurt，harm与wound(1)injure指对身体或精神的“伤害”，但在指对身体的伤害时，一般指在事故中受伤。其名词是injury。(2)hurt尤指肉体上、心灵上和感情上的“伤害”，含有较强烈的“疼痛”意味。其名词为hurt。(3)harm常用于口语，一般用作及物动词，表示“对有害/损害”，特指伤及一个人或其心情、健康、权利、事业等，并使之产生痛苦、损害或某种不幸遭遇。其名词为harm，只能作不可数名词，意为“损害，伤害”。 (4)wound专指在战争中或在自然灾害中对人体的伤害，含有“重伤”意味。也可指精神上的创伤，其名词是wound。 【链接训练】用injure，hurt，wound，harm的适当形式填空I have my leg _ in the accident and cant move a little.Im _ not to have been invited.Many soldiers were _ in the fight and several of them have been dead.Smoking a lot of cigarettes can _ and even kill over a long period of time. 5pain n痛，疼痛，痛苦；努力(用复数)vt.使痛苦 vi.感到疼痛归纳拓展注意：pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指辛苦、刻苦、努力时，要用复数形式。with great pain煞费苦心地take pains费尽力气，煞费苦心，尽力spare no pains不遗余力，不辞劳苦，全力以赴in pain疼痛，在苦恼中 be at pains to do sth.苦心经营；辛苦地做have pains/a pain in.部位疼例句：I have (feel) a pain in my stomach.我胃痛。It gave me much pain to learn of her death. 听到她的死讯我十分悲痛。She took great pains to learn a foreign language well. 她努力学好一门外语。No pain, no gain. The two cheats followed the emperor and pretended to_the emperors clothes，but in fact the emperor had nothing on.Atake great pains in holding up Btake great pains in putting upCtake great pains to hold up Dtake great pains to put up 6head vt.&vi.(朝着方向)前进；作为的首脑；在前头；用头顶(球)n头；头脑；首脑；首长归纳拓展(1)at the head of居的首位，在最前头keep ones headkeep a cool head保持冷静、镇静lose ones head惊慌失措knock/hit sb.on the head打某人的头部(2)head for往去，走向 例句：Who will head the department while Miss Green is abroad？格林小姐出国期间谁将主管这个部门？He headed north towards/for the teaching building. 他向北朝教学楼走去。A leader should have a steady nerve and the ability to_ in a crisis.一个领导应该处事稳妥，临危不乱。 【链接训练】Whenever you are in face of difficulties，you shouldnt lose your _，instead you should _ a cool head.Aheart；stay Bface；remainChead；keep Dtemper；remain The highspeed train left Jinan and_Qingdao.Aran for Bcame upCheaded for Dwent into 7breathe vi.&vt.呼吸；喘息归纳拓展(1)breathe hard/with difficulty呼吸困难breathe in/out吸入/呼出(2)breath n呼吸，气息take a deep breath/deep breaths做一次深呼吸/深深吸几口气hold/catch ones breath屏住呼吸out of breath上气不接下气lose ones breath喘不过气来 例句：The doctor told the patient to _.医生让病人先深吸气，然后再吐气。 He ran into the house，_.他冲进房子里，上气不接下气。【链接训练】Every summer we go to the country for vacation, where the air is so good _.Ato be breathed Bto breatheCbreathing Dbeing breathed When the police came，the thief hid himself in the cave，_ his breath and didnt dare to move.Atook BtakingCholding Dheld 二. 重点短语1be crazy about迷恋；热衷于，醉心于归纳拓展drive sb. crazy逼得发疯go crazy发疯be crazy to do sth.干真是疯狂be crazy for渴望be crazy with因而发狂 例句：The boy_. 这个男孩对滑冰着了迷。That noise is making me go crazy._. 【链接训练】Its crazy_you to buy the house at such a high price.Afor Bwith Cof Dto 2begin with以开始；以开头归纳拓展begin withstart with首先，第一点儿to begin with首先，第一(常常用作插入语)in/at the beginning开始，首先，起初at the beginning of.在开始的时候from beginning to end从头到尾，自始至终反义词组：end up with.以结束 例句：Knowledge begins with practice.知识来源于实践。To learn English，you must_.学英语，你必须从字母开始。I cant come. _，I dont feel well. Besides，I dont have enough money.我来不了。首先我身体不适，再说我也没有足够的钱。 _，we must consider the problem allsidely.ATo begin with BBeginning withCBegun with DBegan with 三.重点句型1But thats because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain. (1)because在此处引导表语从句。because引导表语从句时，主语一般是it，this，that。Its/Thats because从句“那是因为”(表原因)，because引导表语从句。相似句式：Thats why.“那是干的原因”(表结果)。 例句：It is chiefly_. 这主要是因为他太懒。That is _.那就是他没来上学的原因。(2)be+ adj.+ to do sth.You are _reach the apple on the tree.你足够高了，能够得着树上的苹果。_. 他年龄足够大可以上学了。【链接训练】I got wet all through._ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.AIts the reason BThats whyCTheres why DThats because I think the book is _ for a sixyearold boy to read.Aenough easy Beasy enoughCtoo easy Deasy too 2Go to bed now or youll be really tired tomorrow.现在就去睡觉，否则你明天真地会很累。Take more exercise and youll be really fit. 如果多进行体育锻炼，你就会身体健康。归纳拓展以上两个句子的结构为“祈使句or/and陈述句”。其中祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句，陈述句相当于主句。如果条件与结果一致，连词用and，如果不一致，连词用or，otherwise或or else。有时该句型中祈使句可以省略为名词词组，句子意思基本不变。 例句：Go straight ahead and youll find the post office.If you go straight ahead，youll find the post office. Listen carefully or youll miss something important.If you dont listen carefully，youll miss something important. One more word，and Ill knock you flat.再说一句话，我就把你揍扁了。 【链接训练】Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions.Awill never reach Bhave never reachedCnever reach Dnever reached 四. 语法1名词作动词转化是英语中的一种构词法，它是指一个词从一种词类转到另一种或几种词类而词形不发生变化。本单元出现的名词用作动词便是转化的一种。熟悉了这种语言现象，有助于记忆和灵活运用单词。下面就把名词与动词的转化做一个总结。(1)常用的转化成动词的名词有三大类身体部位类：thumb，finger，hand，head，eye，skin，face，shoulder，back，nose，elbow等。 例句：He skinned his knees when he fell.他摔倒时擦破了膝盖。She fingered the silk gently.她轻柔地抚摸着丝绸。具体物品类：paper，book，air，coat，dress，ship，dust，picture，knife，bottle，cash，house，mask，chair，map，pencil，bag，pocket，room，bridge，flower，floor，oil，paint，duck，etc.等。例句：He is papering a wall. He often oils the machine. 称谓或职业类：mother，brother，nurse，doctor，soldier，boss，officer等。例句：Mum nursed me for three weeks. He used to brother me.He was sent to officer the army. (2)有些词转化为另一词性后，重音发生了变化，作名词时重音在前，作动词时重音在后。有些词转化词性后读音发生了变化。conduct/kndkt/n.行为；举止/kndkt/v.行为；处理contest/kntest/n.斗争，比赛/kntest/v.争夺；竞争excuse/ikskju：s/n.借口；托词/ikskju：z/vt.原谅use/ju：s/n.使用；应用/ju：z/v.应用；使用 The fish is _ in this factory and sold to other countries.Abought Bcanned Cproduced Dcook Have you _ two seats in the restaurant?Abought Bordered Cbooked DmadeThe rescue team was _ the village in order to save the people trapped in the ruins.Aheading Bheading forCheading on Dheading upon 2将来时(1)will do/be going to表示将来的用法will/shall表示将来存在的状态、将要发生的动作或将来的经常性、习惯性动作，常与表示将来的时间状语tomorrow(morning)，next month，in three days，after Sunday等连用 eg:I shall be twenty next year. (将来存在的状态)He will go to the park tomorrow. (将要发生的动作)We shall take six English classes every week next term. (将