国际交流英语视听说4 U4 听力原文及翻译

U 2 Listening 1A Student PresentationTeacher: OK, class, lets get started with the first presentation. Sompel has prepared a short presentation about his home country of Bhutan. Go ahead, Sompel.Sompel: Thanks. Um, hi, everybody! You know that my name is Sompel, but you may not know that Im from Bhutan. Bhutan is a small country high in the Himalaya Mountainsbetween Indiaand China. In our language, Bhutan is known as Druk Yul, which in English is land, land of the thunder dragon. The dragon is even displayed on our flag. For many years, my country was isolated from the world, partly due to its geography its surrounded by high mountainsbut also because of government policies.Our government had always been a, an absolute monarchy, I mean, government headed by a king with unlimited power. Anyway, until very recently, Bhutan had no electricity, no cars or trucks, no telephones, and no postal service. You may be surprised to learn that in Bhutan people have only had television since 1999. It was the last country on Earth to get it. You may be wondering: Why did Bhutan reject the modern world for so long? Well, the government was trying to protect the people from negative influences such as high crime rates, youth violence, and pollution. But the king has admitted that the policy of isolation had many negative consequences. For example, the education system definitely fell behind. Some people never learned to read and write. Then, one of our kings began opening up Bhutan to the outside world, and our current king has continued the process. There are new roads, schools, and health clinics. The king doesnt want to open up the country all at once to the outside world and risk ruining it. He wants our countrys development to be guided by, now let me think, oh, yes, Gross National Happiness.Teacher: Sompel, sorry to interrupt, before you continue, could you define Gross National Happiness for the class, please?Sompel: Um, sure. How should I put it? Well, youve probably heard of Gross National Product, which is a phrase that refers to the dollar value of all the goods and services produced by a country over a period of time. Its one way of measuring a countrys success. But Gross National Happiness is different. Actually, one of our kings invented the phrase Gross National Happiness. Its the approach the country takes to the domestic development of Bhutanto help make sure that the people are always happy with their lives and with the country. There are four parts, um, four “pillars”, to this approach: good government, sustainable development, environmental protection, and cultural preservation. So, for good government, the king puts the needs of the country first. In fact, even though the people love him, he gave away most of his power to the people in 2006. Thats when the country transitioned to democracy. The king still has an important role, but he no longer has absolute power. Real power belongs to the people and the officials that we elect. Sustainable development means that we help our country grow without damaging the environment. And the pillar of environmental protection is closely related to sustainable development, too. Agriculture is veryimportant in Bhutan, and we are trying to find new ways to farm without hurting the environment. Also, the government wants to keep 68 percent of the land covered in forests. Cultural preservation the last pillaris a challenge though. Half of Bhutans population is in their twenties or younger, and the government anticipates that some young people will get involved with gangs, crime, or drugs, for example. The government has banned television channels that they think are harmful. Even so, youth gangs are growing. Theft, which was not very common before, is also rising. On the other hand, there is a positive side to all of the changes.In a mountainous country such as Bhutan, communication technologiesfor instance, mobile phones and the Internet allow people to communicate more easily than ever before. And it seems that the arts are really moving ahead. Twenty years ago Bhutan had never produced a movie, but these days we produce over 20 a year. And some movies have even displayed the difficulties that Bhutan has had with the challenges of the modern world. These types of movies are important. They can help us explore the contradictions that have come with our changing culture.Teacher: Sompel, how do you view Bhutans future?Sompel: Well Im hopeful about Bhutans future, and Im glad that the approach of Gross National Happiness is helping to make sure that we dont lose our beautiful environment and the best parts ofour ancient culture.Sompel: Um, sure. How should I put it? Well, youve probably heard of Gross National Product, which is a phrase that refers to the dollar value of all the goods and services produced by a country over a period of time. Its one way of measuring a countrys success. But Gross National Happiness is different. Actually, one of our kings invented the phrase Gross National Happiness. Its the approachthe country takes to the domestic development of Bhutanto help make sure that the people are always happy with their lives and with the country.There are four parts, um, four “pillars”, to this approach: good government, sustainable development, environmental protection, and cultural preservation. So, for good government, the king puts the needs of the country first. In fact, even though the people love him, he gave away most of his power to the people in 2006. Thats when the country transitioned to democracy. The king still has an important role, but he no longer has absolute power. Real power belongs to thepeople and the officials that we elect. Sustainable development means that we help our country grow without damaging the environment. And the pillar of environmental protection is closely related to sustainable development, too.Agriculture is very important in Bhutan, and we are trying to find new ways to farm without hurting the environment. Also, the government wants to keep 68 percent of the land covered in forests. Cultural preservation the last pillaris a challenge though. Half of Bhutans population is in their twenties or younger, and the government anticipates that some young people will get involved with gangs, crime, or drugs, for example. The government has banned television channels that they think are harmful. Even so, youth gangs are growing. Theft, which was not very common before, is also rising.On the other hand, there is a positive side to all of the changes. In a mountainous country such as Bhutan, communication technologiesfor instance, mobile phones and the Internetallow people to communicate more easily than ever before. And it seems that the arts are really moving ahead. Twenty years ago Bhutan had never produced a movie, but these days we produce over 20 a year. And some movies have even displayed the difficulties that Bhutan has had with the challenges of the modern world. These types of movies are important. They can help us explore the contradictions that have come with our changing culture.一个学生演讲老师:好,课上,让我们开始第一个演示。Sompel准备了一个简短的演讲对他的祖国不丹。来吧,Sompel。Sompel:谢谢。嗯,嗨,大家好!你知道我的名字是Sompel,但你可能不知道我来自不丹。不丹是一个小国家,在印度喜马拉雅山间和中国。在我们的语言中,不丹被称为Druk尤尔,而英语是土地,土地的雷声龙。龙是显示在我们的旗帜。多年来,我的国家是世界隔绝,部分是由于其地理位置这是高山脉的遐想之中但仍包围也因为政府的政策。我们的政府一直是,绝对君主制,我的意思是,政府以国王为首的无限权力。不管怎么说,直到最近,不丹没有电力,没有汽车或卡车,没有电话,没有邮政服务。你可能会惊奇地发现,自1999年以来,不丹人只有电视。它是地球上最后一个国家。您可能想知道:为什么不丹拒绝现代世界如此之久?政府是在保护人们从高犯罪率等负面影响,青少年暴力和污染。但国王已经承认的孤立政策有很多的负面影响。例如,教育体系落后。有些人从来没有学会读和写。然后,我们的一个国王开始向外界开放不丹,和我们目前的国王继续流程。有新的道路、学校和诊所。国王不想开放国家一次性向外界和风险破坏它。他希望我们的国家的发展指导下,让我想想,哦,是的,国民幸福总值。老师:Sompel,对不起打断,继续之前,你可以定义类,国民幸福总值吗?Sompel:嗯,当然。我应该怎么说呢?好吧,你可能听说过的国民生产总值,这是一个短语,指的是价值的一个国家生产的商品和服务经过一段时间。它是衡量一个国家的成功的一种方式。但国民幸福总值有所不同。实际上,我们的一个国王发明了短语国民幸福总值。这是不丹的国家需要国内发展帮助确保人们总是快乐与他们的生活和这个国家。有四个部分,嗯,四个“支柱”,这种方法:好的政府,可持续发展,环境保护和文化保护。所以,好的政府,国王把国家的需要。事实上,尽管爱他的人,他把他的大部分权力在2006年的人。当民主国家转变。国王仍有一个重要的角色,但他不再有绝对的权力。真正的权力属于人民,我们选出的官员。可持续发展意味着我们帮助我们的国家发展而破坏环境。支柱的环境保护与可持续发展密切相关。农业是非常重要的在不丹,我们正试图找到新的方法来农场不伤害环境。同时,政府希望保持68%的土地被森林覆盖。文化保护-最后一个支柱是一个挑战。不丹人口的一半是在二十几岁或更年轻,和政府预计,一些年轻人将参与团伙,犯罪,例如,或药物。政府已经禁止电视频道,他们认为是有害的。即便如此,青年团伙正在增长。盗窃,这不是很常见,也在不断上升。另一方面,有一个积极的一面的所有更改。在一个多山的国家,如不丹、通信技术实例,手机和互联网,允许人们比以往任何时候都更容易沟通。和艺术似乎真的前进。二十年前不丹从未制作一部电影,但是这些天我们每年生产超过20。甚至一些电影显示不丹的困难与现代世界的挑战。这些类型的电影是很重要的。他们可以帮助我们探索的矛盾有改变文化。老师:你怎么看待不丹,Sompel的未来?不丹Sompel:我希望的未来,我很高兴,国民幸福总值的方法是帮助确保我们不失去我们美丽的环境和最好的部分我们的古代文化。Sompel:嗯,当然。我应该怎么说呢?好吧,你可能听说过的国民生产总值,这是一个短语,指的是价值的一个国家生产的商品和服务在一段时间内。它是衡量一个国家的成功的一种方式。但国民幸福总值有所不同。实际上,我们的一个国王发明了短语国民幸福总值。它的方法不丹的国家需要国内发展帮助确保人们总是与他们的生活和快乐。有四个部分,嗯,四个“支柱”,这种方法:好的政府,可持续发展,环境保护和文化保护。所以,好的政府,国王把国家的需要。事实上,尽管爱他的人,他把他的大部分权力在2006年的人。当民主国家转变。国王仍有一个重要的角色,但他不再有绝对的权力。真正的权力属于人,我们选出的官员。可持续发展意味着我们帮助我们的国家发展而破坏环境。支柱的环境保护与可持续发展密切相关。在不丹,农业是非常重要的,我们正在努力寻找新的方法来农场不伤害环境。同时,政府希望保持68%的土地被森林覆盖。文化保护-最后一个支柱是一个挑战。不丹人口的一半是在二十几岁或更年轻,和政府预计,一些年轻人将参与团伙,犯罪,例如,或药物。政府已经禁止电视频道,他们认为是有害的。即便如此,青年团伙正在增长。盗窃,这不是很常见,也在不断上升。另一方面,有一个积极的一面的所有更改。在一个多山的国家,如不丹、通信技术实例,手机和Internet-allow人们比以往任何时候都更容易沟通。和艺术似乎真的前进。二十年前不丹从未制作一部电影,但是这些天我们每年生产超过20。甚至一些电影显示不丹的困难与现代世界的挑战。这些类型的电影是很重要的。他们可以帮助我们探索的矛盾有改变文化。1.Why did Bhutan reject the modern world? b. Because the government wanted to avoid negative influences.2. What government change is happening in Bhutan?a. Bhutan is moving toward democracy.3. Why does Sompel say that cultural preservation is a challenge for Bhutan?a. Because half of its population is under the age of 30.4. What is Sompels attitude about Bhutans future?c. He is hopeful.1。为什么不丹拒绝现代世界?b。因为政府希望避免消极的影响。2。在不丹政府变化正在发生什么?不丹是迈向民主。3所示。为什么Sompel说不丹文化保护是一个挑战吗?。4所示。Sompel对不丹的未来的态度是什么?c。他是充满希望的。因为一半的人口在30岁以下的。Listening 2A Study Group DiscussionJose: So, are you all ready to review for the test?Matt: Yes.Amina: Sure.Jose: What should we review first?Amina: I think we should start with the chapter on Native Americans. There is a lot of information in that chapter.Lauren: Oh, definitely. Jose: OK. So what do you think were the most important facts from that chapter?Matt: Well, I found the whole chapter interesting. You know, when I was growing up, we didnt learn much about Native Americans in school.Amina: Me, neither. I had no idea that there are more than 300 Native American reservations in the United States, did you?Jose: No, I definitely didnt. And I wasnt aware that the reservations only make up two percent of the total land area of the United States. I thought it was a lot more.Matt: Really?Lauren: Well, just think, thats only a small portion of the land they used to have.Jose: Yes. And it seems that the land is very important to them. Its a big part of their culture and traditions.Amina: Right. Native Americans believe in living in harmony with the land, the plants, and the animals. They have a lot of knowledge about these things.Jose: I think the chapter said that nature was part of their traditions and their religion, too.Matt: Uh-huh. And then the federal government took away their land.Amina: And they were forced to adopt American traditions and language. It must have been very hard for them.Matt: What did Professor Hawkins say about the reservation lands? That most of them are west of the Mississippi River?Lauren: Yeah, and he highlighted the fact that the land in a lot of reservations is really dry and not suitable for agriculture. For a long time, the people who lived there lived in bad economic conditions.Jose: I didnt realize that. So, when did things begin to get better?Amina: I think Professor Hawkins said it was around 1970 when the federal governmentor the Supreme Court, maybegranted Native Americans the right to run various businesses on their reservations.Matt: Right, and the money from their businesses has enabled them to improve their lands and undertake other big projects. The chapter mentioned a good examplethe InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness area.Amina: Wheres that place again?Lauren: Um, its on the coast north of San Francisco, California.Matt: Exactly. It was founded in 1997 by a group of Native Americans who want the land to be as wild as possible. Theres very limited access to the area. There arent even any roads goingthrough it.Amina: I wonder why.Matt: Well, they want to save the land for traditional cultural uses. Our book said that from the perspective of the people who live there, the coast and the redwood forests are sacred. Thats where they gather food and medicine and hold their religious ceremonies.Lauren: Theres another example I know about. A Native American group down in Floridaum, the Seminole peopleare using their money to restore part of the Big Cypress Swamp, a place thats sacred to their people. Theyre bringing back animals that used to live there, and theyre removing plants that werent there at the time of their ancestors.Jose: Thats neat! Its great that theyre trying to protect and regain some of their old traditions.Amina: Yes, thats an awesome objective. I hope theyre successful. Matt: Me, too. That seems like a good review of this chapter, right?Lauren: Yes, that covers everything. Lets move on to the next topic.一个研究小组讨论何塞:那么,你们准备做考试前的复习吗?马特:是的。阿米娜:当然。何塞:我们应该先复习吗?阿米娜:我认为我们应该从这一章开始印第安人。在这一章有很多信息。Lauren:哦,当然。何塞:好的。所以你认为是最重要的事实从这一章?马特:嗯,我发现整个章有趣。你知道,在我成长的过程中,我们在学校没有学到很多关于印第安人。阿米娜:我,没有。我不知道有超过300印第安人保留在美国,是吗?荷西:不,我绝对没有。我不知道预订只占美国总土地面积的百分之二。我认为这是一个很多。麦特:真的吗?劳伦:嗯,只是觉得,这只是一小部分他们曾经拥有的土地。何塞:是的。,似乎是非常重要的。这是一个很大的文化和传统的一部分。阿米娜:没错。印第安人相信生活在和谐与土地、植物、动物。他们对这些事情有很多知识。何塞:我认为这一章说,自然是他们的传统和宗教信仰的一部分,。马特:嗯。然后是联邦政府拿走了他们的土地。阿米娜,他们被迫采用美国传统和语言。它一定是非常困难的。马特:保留区霍金斯教授说什么了呢?,他们中的大多数是密西西比河以西的吗?劳伦:是的,他强调,土地在很多预订很干,不适合农业。很长一段时间,住在那里的人生活在糟糕的经济条件。何塞:我不知道。所以,当情况好转了吗?阿米娜:我认为霍金斯教授说,这是在1970年,联邦政府或最高法院,maybe-granted原住民权利运行各种企业保留。马特:对的,从他们的业务使他们提高他们的土地和其他大型项目。本章提到的部族间的看不惯一个好的Sinkyone荒野地区。阿米娜:那地方在哪儿吗?劳伦:嗯,它在北部海岸的旧金山,加利福尼亚。马特:没错。它成立于1997年,由一群土著美国人想要土地尽可能野生。有非常有限的访问该地区。甚至没有任何道路通过它。阿米娜:我想知道为什么。马特:嗯,他们想保存传统文化的土地用途。我们的书说,住在那里的人的角度来看,海岸和红杉森林是神圣的。这是他们收集食物和药品和举行宗教仪式。劳伦:我知道另一个例子。一群印第安人Florida-um,塞米诺尔)使用他们的钱来恢复大柏树沼泽的一部分,一个神圣的地方他们的人。他们带回动物住在那里,他们把植物没有的时候他们的祖先。何塞:太棒了!很好,他们试图保护和恢复一些他们古老的传统。阿米娜:是的,这是一个很棒的目标。我希望他们成功。马特:我也是。这似乎是一个不错的回顾本章,对吧?劳伦:是的,覆盖一切。让我们继续下一个话题。1.What is the main topic of the discussion?b. How Native Americans are restoring their lands to their original condition.2. Originally, what was the attitude of the United States government toward Native American culture and traditions?a. The government wanted to change them.3. According to the discussion, what is an important source of revenue for the Native Americans?c. Revenue from businesses on their reservations.1。讨论的主要话题是什么?b。印第安人如何恢复土地原状。2。最初,美国政府的态度对美国本土文化和传统吗?政府想要改变他们。3所示。根据讨论,什么是印第安人的一个重要的收入来源?c。预订收入的企业。Background 300 Native American reservations in the U.S.U.S. forced them to adopt American traditions and languageMost reservations located west of Miss. RiverLand not suitable for agriculture1970: U.S. granted right to run various businessesUsed money to improve lands and undertake other projectsInterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness AreaFounded on the coast, north of San FranciscoAccess very limitedGather food, have religious ceremonies hereBig Cypress SwampOwned by the Seminole group in FloridaBringing back animals that used to live thereRemoving plants that werent there originally背景 300年美国印第安人保留地美国迫使他们采取美国传统和语言大多数保留位于小姐河以西土地不适合农业1970年:美国授予权利运行各种业务用金钱提高土地和从事其他项目种族间的Sinkyone荒野保护区建立在海岸,旧金山北部访问非常有限收集食物,这里有宗教仪式大柏树沼泽塞米诺尔集团旗下在佛罗里达州带回动物,曾经在那里住过删除没有最初的植物Listening 2-1Long ago, people lived as hunters and gatherers. Over time people learned how to grow plants and raise domestic animals. Once this happened, there was a transition to agriculture in many societies. However, even today there are groups who reject farming and continue to hunt animals and gather their own food. The Hadza people are a group of hunter-gatherers who live in an isolated part of northern Tanzania. They have lived in the Great Rift Valley for a period of 10,000 years. The Hadza communicate in their own special language, called Hadzane.The Hadza are not part of the modern economic system of Tanzania. When they are hungry, they can hunt or gather what they need for free. Hadza men can make a little money by displaying their hunting skills for tourists. It is an interesting contradiction that although the Hadza have very little, they share a lot. In fact, they share everything they have with others.In the Great Rift Valley, modern farming has spread in recent years, and this development has had serious consequences for the Hadza. Their homeland is now only 25 percent of the size it was in the 1950s. Hunting is now more difficult for them, as there are fewer animals than before. The Hadza people anticipate that their way of life will disappear in the near future.很久以前,人们的生活作为狩猎者和采集者。随着时间的推移,人们学会了如何种植植物和饲养家畜。一旦发生这种情况,有一个过渡到农业在许多社会中。然而,即使在今天有组织拒绝农业和继续猎杀动物,收集自己的食物。哈人是一群猎人-采集者居住在一个孤立的坦桑尼亚北部的一部分。他们生活在东非大裂谷的10000年。哈德在自己特殊的交流语言,称为Hadzane。哈不是坦桑尼亚的现代经济体系的一部分。当他们饿了,他们可以免费狩猎或收集他们所需要的。哈男人可以一点钱为游客展示他们的狩猎技巧。这是一个有趣的矛盾,尽管哈很少,他们分享了很多。事实上,他们什么都分享。在东非大裂谷,近年来现代农业已经扩散,这哈发展有严重的后果。祖国现在只有25%的大小是在1950年代。狩猎是现在更加困难,比以前有更少的动物。哈人预计,在不久的将来,他们的生活方式将会消失。1.What is the Hadza peoples attitude toward modern farming?b. They reject it.2. What do the Hadza people do for a living now?a. They hunt or gather their own food.3.Which word best describes the effect of modern farming on the Hadza way of life?a. Threatening.4. What is the Hadza peoples attitude toward their way of life in the near future?c. They are pessimistic.1。哈德人对现代农业的态度是什么?b。他们拒绝它。2。哈人民做什么为生呢?他们打猎或收集自己的食物。3所示。哪个单词最好的描述了现代农业的影响在哈德的生活方式吗?一个威胁。4所示。什么是哈人民对他们的生活方式的态度在不久的将来?c。他们是悲观的