倒装讲解.doc

基本语序-主语 + 谓语倒装语序1. 谓语 + 主语 In came the teacher.2. 助动词/情态动词+主语 + v.1). Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.2). Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.3). Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university4). Only if you ask so many different questions will you acquire all the information you need .5). Here comes my list of “dos” and “donts”. 1. 倒装句还用于疑问句、there be 结构、感叹句、某些祝愿语以及直接引语中。1). Why is listening so important?2).There are some flowers on the table.3). How beautiful the building is!4). May you succeed!5). Is it ready yet? asked Hu Xin.2 .以only修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放句首时，要倒装。1). Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.2). Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.注意： 当only修饰主语放句首时， 不倒装。Eg: 1). 只有用这种方法，我们才能学好英语。 Only in this way, can we learn Eglish well. 2). 只有你才能克服这种困难。 Only you can overcome the difficulty.3.表示否定或半否定意义的副词、连词如 never, seldom, little, nowhere, not, not until, hardly.when，no sooner.than (一.就.） ，not only. but also等词位于句首时需要倒装。uNever will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.1)._ I would see you here.A. Little I dream B. Little do I dream. C. I dream little D. Little did I dream(D)2).Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize. B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize(A)3).他不仅踢足球，而且还爬山(Not only放句首)Not only does he play football, but he climbs mountains.4. 由so / neither / nor置于句首，表示前面情况也适应于后者时，要倒装。*形式： so be neither + 助动词 +主语 nor 情态动词 My brother can swim. So can I.(My brother can swim. I can swim, too.)You asked him to leave, and so did I(我也是）.She isnt a reporter, and nor is Tom (汤姆也不是).* 如果后一句是表示对前面内容的肯定或确认,so 表“确实”时，则不倒装。uMary is very kind. So she is.u-John studies hard. - So he does.5.在so/suchthat(结果状语从句)结构中,so/such 放在句首时,须倒装。uSo difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A.I have felt B. have I feltC.I did feel D. did I feel(D)? So proud was he that he never listened to any advice.(He was so proud that .)? Such a good boy is he that we all love him.(He is such a good boy that .)6.为了使某种情景表达得生动形象，表示方向、地点的副词或介词短语 in, out, up, down, away, in front of, there, here,now, then south等位于句首时,句子需要完全倒装。这类句子的谓语动词多是come,go,fly, run等 u墙上挂有一幅画(on the wall放句首。 On the wall hangs a picture.uOut rushed the students the moment the bell rang. uHere comes the bus.uUp and up goes the price.uUnder the tree sits a beautiful girl.注意：若主语为人称代词时，主谓语序不变。Eg:uThere he comes.uHere you are.Ex.1.The cuckoo flew off.Off flew the cuckoo.2.Many old castles are around the lake.Around the lake are many old castles.7.虚拟条件句的谓语动词中含有were, had, should 时，若省略if,从句必须倒装，把were, had, should提到主语前。 1).If you had taken the doctors advice,you would have recovered.Had you taken the doctors advice,. 2).If you should need more information,please let me know.Should you need more information, .Were I you, I would do the work better.= If I were you, I would .uHad you worked hard at your lessons，you would have passed the exam.=If you had worked hard at .8. as引导让步状语从句，从句须倒装，即把表语，状语或谓语动词放在as之前。as可与though 互换，但though有不倒装的情况。Try as he might, he didnt pass the exam=Though he might try, he didnt pass the exam.Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.uOld as they were, they stuck on working注意：如果单数名词或形容词最高级作表语，则不用冠词。Though he is a child, he knows lots of things. (用as 改变句子)=Child as he is, he knows lots of things.True or false The youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best（F）Youngest9.平衡倒装 ： 当句子没有宾语或者主语比较长，或者为了使上下文紧密衔接，常把状语、表语放在句首，主语和谓语用完全倒装形式。Eg: Happy indeed are those who receive this good news after a long silence.经过很长时间的沉默后收到这条好消息，人们真是高兴。倒装句最突出、最常见的修辞效果就是强调,其表现形式如下: 1. only +状语或状语从句置于句首, 主句用部分倒装。 例1:Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用这种方法,你才可以解决这个问题。 例2:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有当他已经说出那个字后才意识到自己犯了个大错误。 例1. Only then_ how much damage had been caused? (06年陕西卷)A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realize 解析：only位于句首修饰状语then，全句要进行部分倒装， 由then又知道此时时态应用一般过去时态。故正确答案为D。2. not, little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, rarely,few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely.when, no soonerthan, not onlybut also, not until, nowhere, neithernor等。等具有否定意义的词或词组位于句首,句子用部分倒装。 例1: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我刚到家就下起了雨。 例2: Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽车上班。 例1. Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_ with my progress. (06年重庆卷)A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied 解析：by no means意思是“决不，在任何情况下都不”，放在句首，句子要用部分倒装。故正确答案为D。例2.Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner_ than it happened.(06年天津卷)A. had she gong B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 解析：no soonerthan意为“一就”，no sooner所在的主句常用过去完成时，that引导的从句用一般过去时，no表示否定意义。故正确答案为A。注意：not onlybut(also)连接两个并列分句且包含否定意义的not only放于句首时，not only后的分句要进行部分倒装, but (also)后的分句不进行倒装。例3. Not only_ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it. (02年上海卷)A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are解析：not only位于句首，其后句子用部分倒装的形式，而but also后的句子语序不倒装。故正确答案为D。3.作状语的介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。有时为了强调将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末；或者当句子中主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常以作状语的介词短语开头。例1. At the foot of the mountain_.(06年四川卷)A. a village lie B. lies a villageC. does a village lie D. lying a village 解析：介词短语at the foot of the mountain位于句首，句子用全部倒装，其时态应为一般现在时态。故正确答案为B。 例2. Just in front of our house_ with a history of 1,000 years. (06年上海卷)A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands解析：介词短语位于句首，句子用全部倒装结构。故正确答案为B。4. so/suchthat结构中的so, such连同它所修饰的成分共同位于句首表示强调时,主句要进行部分倒装。例1:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要价太离谱,令每个人都瞠目结舌。 例2:To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排进行得那么长, 以致于那两个演员都走出去了。例1. So difficult_ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (06年广东卷)A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found解析: so位于句首且so修饰difficult,主句部分进行部分倒装，整句为一般过去时态。故正确答案为B。5. soneithernor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构“soneithernor助动词系动词情态动词主语”（so表示肯定意义，neithernor表示否定意义）的形式。例1. Its burning hot today, isnt it? Yes. _ yesterday. (06年福建卷) A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it 解析: so在这里表示昨天的天气情况也跟今天的一样。故正确答案为A。例2. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. _. (04年全国卷) A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 解析:前句表示否定,则后句也应表示否定,根据上一句的情态动词,第二句中也应该用情态动词would。故正确答案为B。但是，如果so表示强调，即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构则是“so主语助动词系动词情态动词”的形式，这里的主语同前一个句子的主语指的是同一人或物。如：例3. Well，I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (05年辽宁卷) _. A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does 解析：肯定前一句话中的宾语从句“the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”, so引导的句子不进行倒装，而且so引导的句子中谓语动词要与该宾语从句中的谓语动词相一致。故正确答案为A。6. As/though引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。即as / though引导的让步从句中必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前），构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词/分词+as/though+主语+谓语的其它部分”的形式。例1._, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class.(05年重庆卷)A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may be D. Quiet as he may be a student 解析：整个表语部分quiet student提在as之前并且名词student前的冠词a要省略。故正确答案为B。例2. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.(01年上海卷)A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much解析：本题中从句与主句之间存在明显的让步关系，故需要选择由as引导的让步状语从句，并且要将副词much提前进行倒装。故正确答案为C。使用as/though进行倒装时需要注意的是：句首有名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如:Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。7.非真实条件句中的倒装。即在非真实条件句中含有were, had, should等助动词时，可以将if省略，把助动词放在非真实条件句的句首的倒装形式。例1._ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.(06年湖北卷)A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be解析：该句中条件句为非真实条件句，省略if且表示与将来事实相反。故正确答案为B。例2. _ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see the film.(95年上海卷)A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not解析：该条件句中省略if,且表达与过去事实相反。故正确答案为C。 由高考考点的稳定性可知，只要我们掌握了倒装句这七种重要的考查形式，熟悉其解题规律，就能够在复习时极大的提高复习效率。高考英语倒装句常见考点汇总1. 考查never置于句首时的倒装当否定副词never置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案分别为BA)(1) Never in my wildest dreams _these people are living in such poor conditions. (安徽卷)A. I could imagineB. could I imagine C. I couldnt imagine D. couldnt I imagine(2) Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. (上海卷)A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this cityD. this city was2. 考查little置于句首时的倒装当否定副词little置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案分别为DD)(1) Little _ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (安徽卷)A. he realizedB. he didnt realize C. didnt he realize D. did he realize(2) They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German (天津卷)A. have B. did C. had D. do 3. 考查seldom置于句首时的倒装当否定副词seldom置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案分别为BA)(1) Seldom _ any apology when mistakes are made. A. we receive B. do we receive C. we received D. did we receive(2) Seldom _ an article that was so full of lies.A. have I read B. I have read C. had I read D. I had read4. 考查hardly / scarcely置于句首时的倒装当否定副词hardly, scarcely等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为A)(from )Hardly _ Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London. A. had they reachedB. they had reached C. have the reached D. they have reached5. 考查no sooner等置于句首时的倒装当no sooner, no longer等结构置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案分别为AC)(1) Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner _ than it happened. (天津卷)A. had she goneB. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone(2) No sooner _ mowing the lawn than it started raining.A. have I startedB. I have started C. had I started D. I had started6. 考查nowhere置于句首时的倒装当否定副词nowhere置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为A)(from )Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _such a beautiful place. (2004辽宁卷)A. can you find B. you could find C. you can findD. could you find7. 考查by no means等置于句首时的倒装当表示否定意义的副词性短语by no means, on no accounts, in no case, at no time等置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为D)Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _ with my progress. (重庆卷)A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied8. 考查not only置于句首时的倒装当not onlybut also句式的not only部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为B)_ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海)A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring9. 考查not until置于句首时的倒装当notuntil句式转换成not until且置于句首时，其后的主句部分习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为B)(from )Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realizeB. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized10. 考查“only+状语”置于句首时的倒装当“only+状语”置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为DA)(1) Only then _ how much damage had been caused. (陕西卷)A. she realizedB. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize(2) _ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (浙江卷)A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet11. 考查“so+形容词”置于句首时的倒装当sothat句式的“so+形容词”部分置于句首时，其后习惯上要用倒装语序(与一般疑问句形式相同)。如：(答案为BB)(1) _ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. (陕西卷)A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business(2) So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (广东卷)A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found12. 考查类似“so do I”结构的倒装So do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“也一样”“也是如此”。如：(答案为CA(1) My room gets very cold at night. _. (江苏卷)A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does(2) Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes. _ yesterday. (福建卷)A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it13. 考查类似“nor / neither do I”结构的倒装nor neither do I这类结构表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情况，后者也同样适用，通常可译为“也一样”“也是如此”。如：(答案为B)If Joes wife wont go to the party, _. (全国II)A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will1. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _ so happy.（NMET2000）A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt2. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party.（2000年上海）A. she sang B. sand she C. did she sing D. she did sing3. _ can you expect to get a pay rise.（2000年北京春季）A. With hard work B. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard4. Only when the war was over _ to his hometown.（2001上海春季）A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return5. You forgot your purse when you went out.Good heavens! _.（2002上海）A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did6. Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it.（2002上海春季）A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are7. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _ with each other.（NMET2003）A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreledC. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled8. _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004上海）A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring9. I failed in the last examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.（2004重庆）A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize10. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives.（2004广东）A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there11. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace. （2004辽宁）A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find12. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible._.（2004广西）A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I13. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _.（NMET2005）A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesnt too D. nor does John14. Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. （2005上海）A. has this city been B. this city has beenC. was this city D. this city has15. They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German.（2005天津）A. have B. did C. had D. do16. Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast._.（2005辽宁）A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does17. In the dark forest _, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2005辽宁）A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand18. Only after my friend came _.（2005福建）A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired19. Father, you promised!Well, _. But it was you who didnt keep your word first.（2005湖北）A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did20. _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（2005重庆）A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student21. Maggie had a wonderful time at the party._, and so did I.（2005安徽）A. So she had B. So had she C