四级词汇--词频大于14次小于20次unit2.doc

accident n. 事故，意外例：His left knee was hurt in a traffic accident. 他的左膝在一次交通事故中受伤了。by accident 偶然，意外的：We met by accident at the airport. 我们在机场不期而遇。拓展：accidental a. 事故的，意外的听力扩展：A: Im so sorry I failed to take part in the match yesterday, but I wasnt able to, Im afraid.B: Well, dont you think its a bit late to be sorry now?A:I know that, but there was very little I could do about it.B: Its all very well saying that there was very little you could do about it, but because of you we lost the game!A: Yes, I heard, and I am sorry, but there was an accident on the way and I got stuck in the traffic.B: But why the hell didnt you phone us to let us know?A：很抱歉我没有参加昨天的比赛，但是恐怕我当时没法参加。B ：哦，难道你不认为现在道歉有点晚了吗？A：我知道，但是我当时真是无能为力。B：说起来好听，你当时无能为力，但是就因为你我们输掉了比赛。A：是的，我听说了，我很抱歉。但是当时在路上碰上了一桩交通事故，我陷入交通堵塞了。B：但是你为什么不打电话告诉我们呢？account v. 解释；n. 记述，描述例：In English law a man is accounted innocent until he is proved guilty. 根据英国法律, 一个人未经证实有罪仍视为无罪。His illness accounts for his absence. 他因为生病，所以才缺席。搭配：account for 解释：The poor weather may account for the small crowd. 天气不好可能是人来的少的原因。take into account 考虑：We should take this factor into account. 我们应该考虑这个因素。拓展：on account of 由于，因为：She retired early on account of ill health. 她体弱多病，所以提前退休。accountant n. 会计师听力扩展：Husband: Hi, honey, heres my last months salary.Wife: OK, darling. How about this? From now on well put all your salary into our savings account and set aside 20% of my salary as Daniels education fund.Husband: Thats not a bad idea. But do you think the rest of your salary will be enough to cover our daily expenses?Wife: I got a raise. Have you forgotten it? It should be OK.Husband: Alright, dear. Its up to you. I get a headache when it comes to figures.Wife: Thats why you need a wife like me.丈夫：亲爱的，这是我上个月的工资。妻子：好，亲爱的。这样吧，从现在开始，我们把你的工资都存到存折里，另外拿出我工资的20%作为丹尼尔的教育资金。丈夫：这个主意不错。但是你剩下的工资足够支付日常开支吗？妻子：我加薪了，你忘了啊？应该差不多。丈夫：好极了。你决定吧。提到数字我就头疼。妻子：这就是为什么你需要一个像我这样的老婆了。act v. 扮演，表演 行动；n. 行为 法令例：Think well before you act. 三思而后行。Parliament has passed an act forbidding the killing of rare animals. 国会通过了一项法令, 禁止捕杀珍稀动物。搭配：act as 担任，充当：Lucy acts as a monitor in her class. 露茜在班里当班长。act for 代表：John will act for his boss to have the meeting. 约翰将代表他老板参加会议。in the act of 正做的过程中：He made great efforts in the act of saving the victims. 在救援过程中，他帮了大忙。拓展：action n. 行为，行动；acting n. 演技听力扩展：W: Your child has aboveaverage ability in reading.M: Really? Ive seen her act like a professional on the soccer field, but I was worried about her performance in school.W: Well, I was a little worried that she might be biting off more than she can chew. But she is doing OK.M: Her mother and I dont want her to bury her talents.W: Your daughter is a can-do person but no person should overdo it.M: I see your point, Ms. Johnson. I must say that your teaching is quite exceptional. With your perfect skill, youve brought the best out of our daughter.女：你孩子的阅读能力超群。男：真的吗？我曾看到她在足球场上表现得像个职业球员，可是我担心她在学校的表现。女：是啊，我也曾担心她力不从心，可她确实做得不错。男：她的妈咪和我都不想埋没了她的才能。女：你的女儿是个能人，但别作过头。男：我明白你的意思，约翰逊小姐。我得说你的教学能力很强。你用完美的技巧完全把我女儿的潜能发挥出来了。【注】bite off more than one can chew 力不从心；overdo it 作过头；exceptional a. 杰出的action n. 行动 作用；v. 采取适当行动，采取措施例： The action lasted three hours. 战斗持续了三个小时。Your request will be actioned. 你的要求会处理的。搭配：take action 采取行动：Firefighters took action immediately to stop the blaze spreading. 消防队员立即采取措施制止大火蔓延。in action 在活动中，在运转：Just press the button to see your favorite character in action. 只要按一下电钮，就可以欣赏你喜欢的角色的表演。into action 实行，实施：The new plan for traffic control is being put into action on an experimental basis. 新的交通管理方案正处于试运行阶段。听力扩展：A: There is a Beijing Opera show tonight. Lets go and watch it together, all right?B: Im afraid that I dont understand it.A: It doesnt matter. Its an acrobatic fighting drama. Even if you dont understand the words, you can definitely understand it just by watching the action.B: Are the actors famous?A: I cant recall their names, but according to the newspaper, they are all very famous.B: Can you get the tickets?A: No problem. I can definitely get them.A：今天晚上有一场京剧，咱们一起去看吧！B：我恐怕听不懂吧。A：没关系，是武打戏。你听不懂，一定看得懂。B：演员出名吗?A：我说不出他们的名字。不过报纸上说，那些演员都挺有名的。B：票买得到吗？A：没问题，肯定买得到。【注】acrobatic a. 杂技的actually ad. 实际上，事实上例：He seems to be doing nothing, but actually he is just biding his time. 他看上去无所事事, 其实却在等待良机。This tree looks high and strong but actually its trunk is hollow. 这棵树看起来又高又壮, 实际上树干是空的。拓展：actual a. 实际的四级词汇-词频大于14次小于20次unit2(2) 2010年04月22日 09:52 来源: 划词已开我要评论(0) 分享到： 新浪微博 QQ空间 开心网 人人网 搜狐微博 豆瓣 飞信 淘江湖 复制地址 advertise v. 登广告，为做广告例：If you want to sell your product you must advertise it. 如果要推销产品，就必须登广告。I advertised him of my plan. 我告诉他我的计划。搭配：advertise for 登广告（征询）：We are currently advertising for a new sales manager. 目前，我们公司公开征聘销售经理。拓展：advertisement n. 广告afford v. 负担得起 提供，给予例：These trees afford a pleasant shade. 这些树提供了荫凉。She felt she couldnt afford any more time off work. 她觉得再也抽不出时间歇班了。搭配：can (cant) afford to 承担得起(承担不起)：We cannot afford to ignore this warning. 我们对这个警告不能等闲视之。approach n. 接近 途径；v. 靠近，接近例：All the approaches to the palace were guarded by troops. 通往宫殿的所有道路都有部队把守。The time is approaching when we must think about buying a new house. 机会来了，我们该想想买新房的事了。搭配：at the approach of 随着的临近：At the approach of the coming of spring, all plants begin to revive. 春天来了，万物复苏了。approach sb. for/about sth. 为某事同某人打交道：He approached the bank for a loan. 他向银行申请贷款。拓展：approachable a. 可接近的，平易近人的aspect n. 方面 方位，方向例：The historical aspect formed the main theme of her essay. 她的论文的主题是由历史观点贯穿起来的。On the course she received a thorough training in every aspect of the job. 在训练班上, 她接受了有关这个工作的全方位的训练。听力扩展： A woman was singing. One of the guests turned to a man by his side and criticized the singer. “What a terrible voice!” he said, “Do you know who she is?” “Yes,” was the answer, “She is my wife.” “Oh, I beg your pardon.” the man said, “Of course her voice isnt bad. As to the songs aspect, I wondered who wrote that awful song?” “I did.”was the answer.一个女人正在唱歌。 一位客人转向他身边的一个男人并批评这位女歌手。他说道，“多难听的声音啊！”“你知道她是谁吗？”“是的，”男子回答到,“她是我妻子。”“天啊，实在是不好意思啊，”客人说道，“其实她的嗓音不错，至于这首歌，我就纳闷了谁写出这么难听的歌曲啊。”“我写的。”男人回答到。【注】criticize v. 批评assume v. 假定，设想 承担例：She was in arrogance to assume she would win every time. 她认为每次都能赢，未免太自大了。I made a mistake and I will assume responsibility for it. 我错了，我愿为此承担责任。搭配：assume sb. to 以为，认为：I had assumed him to be an American. 我本以为他是美国人。拓展：assumption n. 假定，假设，（权力的）获得听力扩展：Kate: Mom, do you assume what Im going to give you for your birthday?Mom: No, Honey. What?Kate: A nice teapot.Mom: But Ive got a nice teapot.Kate: No, you havent. Ive just dropped it.凯特：妈妈，你知道我要给你一件什么生日礼物吗？妈妈：不知道，宝贝，是什么呀？凯特：一把漂亮的茶壶。妈妈：可是我已经有一把漂亮的茶壶了呀。凯特：不，没有了。我刚刚把它给摔碎了。【注】teapot n. 茶壶attach v. 附上，系上，贴上 使依恋例：This middle school is attached to a teachers-college. 这所中学附属于一所师范院校。We are much attached to each other. 我们之间感情深厚。搭配：attach sth. to 附在上：Attach the coupon to the front of your letter. 把优惠券附在信的正面。attach sb. to 参与，参加：He attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt get rid of him. 在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。拓展：attachment n.依恋，爱慕 附件听力扩展： Everyone needs friendship. No one can sail the ocean of life single-handed. We need help from, and also give help to, others. In the modern age, people attach more importance to relations and connections. A man of charisma has many friends. His power lies in his ability to give. The term friend covers a wide range of meanings. It can be a nodding acquaintance, a comrade, a confident, a partner, a playmate, a brother, an intimate etc. As life is full of strife and conflict, we need friends to support and help us out of difficulties. Our friends give us warnings against danger. True friends share not only joy but, more often than not, they share sorrow.人人都需要友谊，没有人能独自在人生的海洋中航行。我们给予帮助，同时也需要帮助。如今，人们更重视关系和联系。一个有领袖气质的人有许多朋友，他的权力在于他的给予能力。朋友的意义很广，可以是熟人、同志、知己、伙伴、玩伴、兄弟、密友等。生活充满矛盾和斗争，我们需要朋友的支持，以帮助我们摆脱困境。朋友提醒我们警惕险难。真正的朋友不仅与我们同甘，而且共苦。【注】charisma n. 超凡魅力；more often than not往往attitude n. 态度，看法 姿势例：Its not his work that bothers me; its his attitude. 困扰我的不是他的工作，而是他的态度。Dont give me your attitude. 别跟我摆架子。搭配：take an attitude towards/to 对的看法：He takes a mellow attitude to life. 他对生活有成熟的看法。听力扩展：One old person complained to the doctor that his right ear was giving him trouble; he couldnt hear. So the doctor checked, checked, checked, listened, listened and said, “Oh, you know your ear trouble is an old age problem. Your ear is getting old. Thats why you cant hear.”So the patient said with a bad attitude, “Nonsense, the left ear is just as old.”有个老人向医生抱怨右耳有问题，听不见。医生检查又检查、听了又听，然后说：“哦！你知道吗？你耳朵有毛病是因为年老的关系，你的右耳已经老化了，所以才听不到。”病人态度粗鲁地说道：“胡说！我的左耳也一样老呀！”【注】complain v. 抱怨attract v. 吸引，引起的注意例：The flower show attracted large crowds this year. 今年的花展吸引了大批观众。搭配：attract sb.(to sb./sth.) 吸引，使喜欢：What attracted me to her was her sense of humour. 吸引我的是她的幽默感。拓展：attractive a. 吸引人的average n. 平均数；a. 普通的，平常的例：Rainfall this year exceeded the yearly average. 今年的雨量超过了年平均降雨量。搭配：on (the/an) average 平均，一般来说：In winter, the temperature here is 2 on average. 冬天，这里的平均温度是2摄氏度。averagely a. 平均地，一般地听力扩展： The average cost of saving one seal was $80,000. At a special ceremony, two of the most expensively-saved animals were released into the wild among cheers and applause from people. A minute later, a killer whale ate them both.救援每只海豹的平均费用达到8万美元。在一个特别的仪式上，有两只花巨款拯救回来的海豹，在人们的欢呼和掌声中被放回大自然。一分钟后，它们双双被杀人鲸吞入肚中。【注】release v. 释放，解放；applause n. 掌声belief n. 相信 信念，信仰例：There was a happy chime of belief and practice in everything she said. 她所说的每一件事都体现了信仰和行动的完美和谐。His firmness on his belief supported him in difficulties. 困境中，他坚定的信仰支撑着他。搭配：beyond belief 令人难以置信：Dissatisfaction with the government has grown beyond belief. 对政府的不满已经达到令人难以置信的程度。四级词汇-词频大于14次小于20次unit2(3) 2010年04月22日 09:54 来源: 划词已开我要评论(0) 分享到： 新浪微博 QQ空间 开心网 人人网 搜狐微博 豆瓣 飞信 淘江湖 复制地址 benefit v. 有益于，得益；n. 益处，好处 救济金例：This project is of great benefit to everyone. 这项工程对每个人都大有好处。Are you entitled to unemployment benefit? 你有资格领取失业救济金吗？搭配：benefit from从中受益：I have benefited a lot from extensive reading. 泛读令我受益匪浅。for the benefit of 为了（的好处）：Parents are always thinking for the benefit of their children. 父母总是为孩子着想。拓展：beneficial a. 有益的，受益的听力扩展：A: I really like what you have, but the price for this product is much higher than we expected. Im absolutely not a buyer at that price.B: I know it is not the cheapest on the market. But if you take the quality factor into consideration, you will find your company will benefit in the long term. This device is built in with the most advanced technology. Every aspect has reached the international standard.A: Err, well, I cant decide right now. Do you mind if I have a small internal discussion on this first? I will tell you our decision this afternoon.A：我真的很喜欢你们的产品，但是价格比我们想象的要高，我无法接受这个价格。B：我知道我们的产品不是市场上最便宜的，但是从产品质量的角度考虑，从长远观点来看贵公司定会受益。我们使用了最先进的技术，各方面都达到了国际标准。A：嗯，我现在不能决定，我先内部讨论一下你不介意吧？今天下午告诉你我们的决定。brand n. 牌子，类型；v. 打烙印，铭记例：Shes gone over to a milder brand of cigarettes. 她已改抽另一牌子、味道较淡的香烟。These frightful experiences are branded on his memory. 这些可怕的经历深深地印入他的记忆。搭配：brand new 全新的，崭新的：This is a brand new computer. 这是一台全新的计算机。brand sb. as sth. 丑化，败坏名声：They were branded as liars and cheats. 他们被说成是说谎者和骗子。brander n. 打烙印的人听力扩展：A: I think that would be a good idea. Price is an important variable in our market, so we can use it to build our customer base. If our customers get hooked on the low introductory price, they will buy and become more loyal to our brand. Later on, when we hit a record and have a good customer base, we can increase the price.B: That sounds like a really clever marketing strategy.A: This is a very competitive market. Weve got to come up with a few clever strategies in order to keep our place on top.B: I think our main strength is with young consumers.A：我觉得这主意不错。价格在市场上是个重要的变量，所以我们可以利用价格建立顾客基数。如果顾客被我们的低价位所吸引，他们就会购买我们的牌子，并成为我们忠实的消费者。日后，创下销售纪录、打下良好的顾客基础之后，再提高价格。B：听起来真是个聪明的销售策略。A：这是个充满竞争的市场。必须想出几个聪明的办法来保持我们的领先地位。B：我认为我们的优势在于产品能吸引年轻顾客。【注】variable n. 变数community n. 社区，团体例：His wife has become a woman of some standing in the community. 他的妻子在社区中颇有地位。The money will go to finance a new community centre. 这些钱将用来资助新社区中心。听力扩展：A: Would you like to join the VolunteersLeague?B: Do you think Im crazy? I just quit the Student Council. I dont want to be so busy. I gave up a good chance of getting scholarships for that。A: Joining the VolunteersLeague wont take you much time. It only has activities on the weekends. Come on, you wont regret about joining this club. Its different from other student clubs or unions.B: Whats the difference?A: We can do something for the community in Beijing. Isnt that special? You can also learn a lot in the VolunteersLeague. You will have a chance to learn how to communicate, how to arrange an activity and how to cooperate with your group members.B: Oh, it means that I will have a good chance to practice my Chinese. You win. Just tell me how to get enrolled for that club.A：你想参加志愿者联盟吗？B：你觉得我疯了吗？我刚从学生会退出来，我可不想那么忙了，我已经因为学生会的事儿放弃了获奖学金的大好机会了。A：加入志愿者联盟不会占用你太多时间的，只是在周末有活动。来吧，参加这个社团你不会后悔的。同其他的学生社团或协会不一样。B：有什么不一样啊？A：我们可以为北京的社区做一些事情。是不是很特别？同时你也可以学到很多东西。你将有机会学习怎样交流，怎样组织安排活动，以及怎样和队友们合作。B：哦，这就意味着我有机会练习汉语了。你把我说服了，告诉我怎么参加吧。competition n. 比赛 竞争例：Because there is so much unemployment, the competition for jobs is fierce. 由于失业人数过多，职业竞争十分激烈。搭配：in competition with 和竞争：We are in competition with 4 other companies for the contract. 我们在与其他四家公司竞争这项合同。拓展：compete v. 竞争四级词汇-词频大于14次小于20次unit2(4) 2010年04月22日 09:56 来源: 划词已开我要评论(0) 分享到： 新浪微博 QQ空间 开心网 人人网 搜狐微博 豆瓣 飞信 淘江湖 复制地址 conclude v. 结束 作出决定例：Once the price had been agreed, a deal was quickly concluded. 价格一经商定，交易很快就达成了。From his appearance we may safely conclude that he is a chain smoker. 从他的外表看，我们可以有把握地断定他烟抽得很凶。搭配：conclude with (使)结束，终止：The performance concluded with Stravinskys Rite of Spring. 演出以斯特拉文斯基的春之祭结束。拓展：conclusion n. 结论，结束听力扩展：Smile is the unaffected, unplanned, natural connection between people. I tell this story in my work because Id like people to consider that underneath all the layers we construct to protect ourselves, our dignity, our titles, our degrees, our status and our need to be seen in certain waysunderneath all that remains the authentic, essential self. Im not afraid to call it the soul. I really believe that if that part of you and that part of me could recognize each other, we wouldnt be enemies. We couldnt have hate or envy or fear. I sadly conclude that all those other layers, which we so carefully construct through our lives, distance and insulate us from truly contacting others.微笑是人与人之间最自然真挚的沟通方式。我在作品中讲这个故事，是希望人们能仔细想想以下的事情：人常常为自己建立层层的保护膜，为了维护尊严、头衔、身份、形象等，而必须有所隐藏。我相信在这些掩饰下，每个人都有一个真实、不虚伪的灵魂。如果我们能用心灵去认识彼此，世间不会有结怨成仇的憾事；恨意、妒嫉、恐惧也会不复存在。可惜的是，人们小心翼翼为自己所建造的保护膜，却阻隔了自己与他人真诚相对的机会。【注】authentic a. 可信的；insulate v. 隔离effective a. 有效的，有影响的例：The president promised swift and effective retribution against the terrorists. 总统答应会迅速有效地惩罚恐怖分子。Advertising is often the most effective method of promotion. 登广告往往是最有效的推销方式。拓展：effect n. 影响，结果；effectiveness n. 有效性听力扩展： Eagle is the worlds longest life expectancy of birds. It lives up to the age of 70. To live such a long life expectancy, at 40 years of age it must make a difficult but important decision. When the Hawks live up to the age of 40, its claws start aging, unable to effectively seize the prey. Its wings have become very heavy because its feathers grow thick and strong and make it very difficult to fly. There are only two options:die, or rebirth through a very painful update process of 150-day long training session.鹰是世界上平均寿命最长的鸟类，它可以活到70岁。为了长寿，40岁时，鹰必须做一个艰难但是重要的决定。鹰活到40岁时，爪子开始老化，再也不能有效地捕食。由于羽毛厚而壮，它们的翅膀变得非常笨重，难于飞翔。眼前只有两条路：死亡，或者穿越一个痛苦的150天的磨砺，获得重生。employee n. 雇员例：He found it very demeaning to have to work for his former employee. 他觉得要为他以前的雇员工作很失身份。拓展：employer n. 雇主，老板；employ v. 雇用听力扩展：A: Nevertheless we need to make one decision. I recommend we accept the merger offer, as I agree with the reports findings that it would be better for the company in the longterm future.B: But what do the other department managers think? Do we have unanimous agreement with this offer?A: Yes, I believe we do.B: Did you hold that employee meeting yesterday? What was the general reaction?A: A majority believes that you should agree.B: Well then, my decision must take into consideration the thoughts of my employees, so I will agree to it.A：无论如何我们得做出决定。我建议我们接受合并提议。我同意报告的调查结果，合并符合公司长远的利益。B：但是其他部门主管怎么想？对于这个提议，大家都同意吗？A：是的。我想是的。B：昨天你开员工大会了吗？普遍的反应怎么样？A：大多数人认为你应该接受。B：那好，我一定仔细考虑员工的意见再作决定。我会同意的。【注】merger n. 合并，归并；unanimous a. 意见一致的enable v. 使能够，使可行例：The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。Reading this book enables you to have a general idea about the country. 读这本书能让你对那个国家有个大体的了解。拓展：disable v. 使不可能听力扩展：Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. “What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?” “I gave it to a poor old woman,”he answered. “Youre a good boy,”said the mother proudly. “Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?” “She is the one who enables corns to popcorn.”小罗伯特向妈妈要两分钱。“昨天给你的钱干什么了？”“我给了一个可怜的老婆婆，”他回答说。“你真是个好孩子，”妈妈骄傲地说。“再给你两分钱。可你为什么对那位老太太那么感兴趣呢？”“她是个卖爆米花的。”【注】popcorn n. 爆米花encouragenkrd v. 鼓励，鼓舞 支持例：Peter, my English teacher, never fails to encourage us to study hard. 我的英文老师彼得总是鼓励我们要好好用功。High prices for farm products encouraged farming. 农产品价格的提高有助于农业发展。搭配：encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事：Our parents a