2013年职称英语考前押题卷.doc

2013年全国职称英语押题卷（命中率高）第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分） 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1. The local authorities will take measures to deal with noise pollution in the area. A. power B. control C. learning D. government2. Hundreds of cyclists assembled in Central Park in Pudong this morning to take part in the event. A. appeared B. walked C. met D. combined3. In case of emergency, please follow the orders of the ship crew. A. post B. transfer C. confirm D. obey4. They ate in the kitchen as they normally did. A. usually B. partly C. highly D. fully5. He likes swimming, but I like going out for a walk. A. how B. what C. while D. why6. There is less come now; it seems that there is a fall in the crime rate. A. descent B. incline C. decline D. slope7. We were so greatly attracted by the beauty of the West Lake that we decided to visit Hangzhou again the next year. A. fascinated B. disturbed C. fooled D. surprised8. During the construction of skyscrapers, cranes are used to lift building materials to the upper floors. A. toss B. tow C. hoist D. hurl9. In the United States it is customary for families to gather on Thanksgiving Day. A. entertain B. assemble C. feast D. worship10. The town is famous for its magnificent church towers. A. ancient B. old C. modern D. splendid11. There are a limited number of books on this subject in the library. A. large B. total C. small D. similar12. Dont hesitate to let me know if there is anything I can do for you. A. pause B. refuse C. reject D. wait13. Merge the following two short sentences into one new sentence. A. Split B. Combine C. Break D. Divide14. Color changes in chameleons seem to be caused by environmental temperature as well as by other external stimulus. A. have B. appear C. ought D. used15. Their sole fault was a failure to recognize all the factors involved. A. initial B. maximumC. usual D. only第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Eruptions of Mount Saint Helens On March 27, the U.S. Government scientists made a decision after they predicted the eruption of Mount Saint Helens. They telephoned all states and local officials in the area and told them that a serious eruption was possible at any time. Roads were closed to everyone except scientists and forest keepers struggled to keep curious visitors away from the mountain. Shortly after noon on March 27, Mount Saint Helens erupted for the first time in 123 years, People living north of the mountain heard a loud boom that shook their windows, and airline pilots flying near the volcano soon afterwards described a thick black column of ash and steam shooting more than 2,100 meters into the sky. Later, scientists found that the explosion had made a new crater（大坑）in the top of the mountain, not far from the old crater. The north side of the peak now had a huge bulge（凸出部分）where rock and ice had been pushed out by the eruption. A second eruption shook the mountain on March 28. It, too, sent up a column of black ash high into the sky. By March 29, scientists flying over the mountain saw that a second crater formed about 9 meters from the first one. Strange blue flames flickered（闪烁）inside the crater and sometimes jumped from one crater to the other. By April 1 the mountain had erupted several more times and the snow on the north slope of the peak was black with ash. Ash carried by the wind had fallen on towns as far as 240 kilometers away from Mount Saint Helens. During the first week of April, Mount Saint Helens gave scientists something new to worry about harmonic tremors（震动）recorded by scientists showed a big eruption would happen. All during April and into May Mount Saint Helens continued to shudder（震动）and shoot out ash. By April 8, the two craters had merged to form a vast hole nearly a half of a kilometer wide and 250 meters deep. Scientists main worry during this time was the growing bulge of rock and ice on the north face of the mountain. By May 7 scientists feared the worst. Their warnings led Washington Governor to set up safety zones around the mountain. The inner red zone was open to scientists only. The outer blue zone was open only to people who got special permits. But in spite of these warnings, some people got past the road barriers and risked their lives trying to get close to the volcano.16. American scientists predicted that Mount Saint Helens was to erupt soon. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned17. Pilots flying at the height of more than 2,100 meters saw a thick black column of ash and steam shooting up into the air from the crater. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned18. A new crater, which was to the south of the old one, was formed after the second eruption. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned19. The quakes recorded during the first week of April in the area of Mount Saint Helens warned scientists of a new eruption. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned20. Two scientists lost their lives during the second eruption of Mount Saint Helens. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned21. Most of the dreadful eruptions of Mount Saint Helens took place in early May. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned22. The eruption of Mount Saint Helens attracted a large number of foreign tourists. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分） 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第36段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Electromagnetic Energy1. White light seems to be a combination of all colors. The energy that comes from a source of light is not limited to the kind of energy you can see. Heat is given off by a flame or an electric light. On a cloudy day it is possible to get a sunburn even though you feel cool. Visible light and the kinds of energy that produce warmth and sunburn are examples of electromagnetic energy.2. The sun is 93 million miles from the earth. Yet we can use energy from the sun because electromagnetic energy travels through space.3. Many other kinds of energy are also types of electromagnetic energy. Radio, television, and radar signals travel from transmitters to receivers as low-energy electromagnetic waves. Infrared （红外线的）radiation is an electromagnetic wave. When it is absorbed by matter, heat is produced. Waves of infrared and visible light have more energy than waves of radio, television, or radar. Ultraviolet rays（紫外线）and X-rays are electromagnetic waves with even greater amounts of energy. Infrared radiation is used in cooking food and heating buildings. Sunlight and electric lights are part of our requirements for normal living. Ultraviolet radiation is useful in killing certain disease organisms. X-rays and gamma rays have so much energy that they travel right through solid objects. They can be used to detect and treat cancer. X-rays are used in industry to find hidden cracks in metal, and in medicine to reveal broken bones.4. Usually we use electricity to generate electromagnetic energy. The source of most of our energy is the sun. Heat from the sun causes water to evaporate. When the water falls to the earth as rain, some of it is trapped behind dams and then used to operate electric generators. Other generators are powered by coal, but the energy stored in coal came from the sun, too.5. Until recently, the source of the tremendous amount of energy given off by the sun was a puzzle. If the sun depended on chemical reactions, it would have used up all its energy long ago. Experiments with electromagnetic radiation led to the theory that mass can be converted into energy. About forty years after the theory was proposed, nuclear energy was harnessed（利用）by man. Chemical energy comes from electron（电子）rearrangement. Nuclear energy comes from a change in the nucleus of an atom. Compared with chemical reactions, nuclear reactions release millions of times more energy per pound of fuel. We now believe that the suns energy comes from the nuclear reactions in which hydrogen is changed into helium（氦）.6. Nuclear energy is beginning to compete with coal as an economical source of power to generate electricity. It is also being used to operate engines in large ships. Scientists continue to seek new and better methods of obtaining and using energy.23. Paragraph 3 _24. Paragraph 4 _25. Paragraph 5 _26. Paragraph 6 _A. The Most Important Source of EnergyB. Types of Electromagnetic EnergyC. The Machines Used for Energy GenerationD. Seeking New Sources of EnergyE. The Use of Ultraviolet Radiation in MedicineF. Nuclear Reactions as the Lasting Source of the Suns Energy27. One can get a sunburn even _.28. Infrared radiation can produce heat _.29. X-rays and gamma rays can be used to detect and treat cancer _.30. Chemical energy is generated _.A. when it is cloudyB. because they can pass through solid objectsC. when the sun-rays are fierceD. when a change in the nucleus of an atom takes placeE. when electron rearrangement takes placeF. when it is absorbed by matter第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分） 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇Hercules Once upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow（弓）. He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures. Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens（歌女）. But no one knew where the garden was. So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So he asked him for help. Atlas answered, My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you? Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. Im going to see the king with the apples. Hercules knew that he couldnt fight him because of the sky on his back. So he shouted: Just one minutes help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion（垫子）for my shoulders. Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and help up the sky. Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.31. What do you know about Hercules according to the first paragraph? _ A. He was a Greek hero. B. He was a king. C. He was the Mountain God. D. He was a man working in the kings garden.32. Hercules was given many difficult tasks because _ A. he was the strongest man. B. the king wanted to get rid of him. C. the king wanted to test his strength. D. those tasks had to be done anyway.33. Which of the following can best describe Atlas according to the text? _ A. He looked like a mountain. B. He was a man with huge shoulders and arms. C. He was a man with long legs and a huge head. D. He was the giant who held up the sky.34. Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because _ A. he wanted to help Hercules. B. he was afraid of Hercules. C. he did not want to hold the sky any more. D. he wanted to be the king himself.35. Hercules finally managed to get the apples _ A. by fooling Atlas. B. by defeating Atlas. C. because he ran faster than Atlas. D. because Atlas threw down the apples.第二篇Tims Career As a boy, Tim was much influenced by books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the dispensary（药房）of the local doctor where he was supposed to be helping to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room. During the war Tim served in the Navy as a surgeon. That was the happiest time of my life, doing major surgery. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it. In Rhodes（罗得岛）he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skill to himself and his ability to take decisions. With this proof came the firm belief that those who lived simply possessed qualities and a secret of living which he lacked. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was serving them. After the war, he got married and chose a practice in the English countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the younger man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.36. Tim decided to become a doctor at 15 mainly because _ A. his father wanted him to be so. B. he had read many books about medicine. C. his father was a surgeon himself. D. he had met doctors through his father.37. When Tim was in the dispensary of the local doctor, he _ A. was expected to help the doctor. B. read many books there. C. participated in the conversations. D. often went to the next room.38. During the war, Tim _ A. became a sailor. B. worked as a surgeon. C. lost interest in work. D. didnt achieve success.39. When Tim was working in Rhodes, he _ A. wanted to live like the country people. B. wanted to prove his abilities and skills. C. discovered the virtues of a simple life. D. taught life-saving to his patients.40. When the war was over, Tim _ A. continued working as a surgeon. B. got married and lived in the city. C. chose a junior partner to work with. D. decided to give up medicine for faith.第三篇Suggestion As you are soon on your way to Eastern Europe, here are a few tips on what you should pack. In general, pack lightly, with only the most basic clothes. People dress casually in Eastern Europe, so you dont need to bring along your smartest clothing. At the risk of going against our own advice by weighing down your luggage, we suggest you consider bringing along the following items, which we found particularly useful in Eastern Europe. Batteries: If your camera, flash, or other appliances run on batteries, bring a sufficient supply. Certain types of batteries dont exist in Eastern Europe, and those that do often dont last very long. Calculator: many travelers find it useful to figure out foreign exchange rates on a calculator. We suggest a credit-card calculator, which fits into your wallet or purse. Cash: We have found it good to have a supply of small-de-nomination U.S. bills ($1s and $5s) to use in hard-currency stores, to buy international train tickets, etc. The hard currency stores never seem to have the right change, and thus you may lose out without some petty cash on hand. Electric Current Adapter: If you bring handy appliances, remember that the electricity in Eastern Europe uses 220 volts A.C., not the standard 110 volts of North America. A 110-volt appliance will soon burn out when attached to an unconverted 220-volt plug. Contact the Franzus Company, 352 Park Ave. south, New York, NY 10010 (tel. 212/889-5850), and ask for their booklet, Foreign Electricity Is No Dark Secret. Language Tools: One of Europes big challenges is communicating with the local people, since their languages are so different from our own. To help overcome difficulties, you might invest in phrase books before you go you wont find them once you are in Eastern Europe. If you are interested in learning an Eastern European language in more detail, we recommend the cassette course produced by Audio Forum. In each course you listen to native speakers on a cassette and follow along in a textbook. You can contact Audio Forum for their catalog at 96 Broad St., Guilford CT 06437 (tel. toll 费用 free 800/243-1234). Money Belt: A money belt is especially helpful when you have many documents to carry around (as you always do in Eastern Europe). The best one we found