四种完成时态.doc

LESSON 9四种完成时态Living Life Over -如果有来生 如果有来生，我会少说，多听 我会请朋友来家吃饭，即便地毯脏了，沙发褪色了。 我会抽时间听祖父絮叨他的青年时代 我不会因为刚刚把头发梳理定型而要求在夏天关上车窗。 我会点燃那支雕成玫瑰状的蜡烛，而不让它在尘封中熔化。 我会与孩子们坐在草地上，不去担心草地上的污渍。 我会把泪水和笑声更多地留给观察人生，而不是观看电视。 如果生病了，我会卧床休息，而不是自认没有我，地球就不转了。 我不会买那些仅仅是实用，或者不显脏，或者保证能用一生的东西。 我会更多地说“我爱你”“对不起”然而，最重要的是，如果有来生， 我会抓住每一秒看人生，读人生体验人生再也不放手 Living Life OverIf I had my life to live over.I would have talked less and listened more. I would have invited friends over to dinner even if the carpet was stained and the sofa faded. I would have taken the time to listen to my grandfather ramble about his youth. I would never have insisted the car windows be rolled up on a summer day because my hair had just been teased and sprayed. I would have burned the pink candle sculpted like a rose before it melted in storage. I would have sat on the lawn with my children and not worried about grass stains.I would have cried and laughed less while watching television - and more while watching life. I would have gone to bed when I was sick instead of pretending the earth would go into a holding patter if I were not there for the day. I would never have bought anything just because it was practical, would not show soil or was guaranteed to last a life time. There would have been more I love you . more Im sorry. but mostly, given another shots at life,I would seize every minute. look at it and really see it.live it.and never give it back.1牢记第3个句型的旗帜- do的变化 (变为否定与疑问及进行时态变化) You are studying English. You are not studying English. Are you studying English?You were studying English. You were not studying English. Were you studying English?You will be studying English. You will not be studying English. Will you be studying English?2孙老师特别提示：代词的几种基本形式主格 I we you they he she it宾格 me us you them him her it形容词性所有格 my our your their his her its名词性所有格 mine ours yours theirs his hers itsI love her I love her sister. This is my book.This is mine.导言 完成态是英文中独有的一种“态”，汉语中没有相对应的表达方式。在学习时要根据说话的情景或文章的上下文细心体会。脱离说话时的情景或文章的上下文，完成态就无从谈起，所以千万不可简单地把完成时态理解成一个完成的动作。 完成时态的构成现在 过去 过去分词 Is was beenDo did doneWork worked workedHave had had 句型 时态主系表主谓宾现在完成have (has) beenhave (has) done过去完成had beenhad done将来完成will have beenwill have done过去将来完成would have beenwould have done 现在完成时态的基本用法1. 表示一个过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果和影响。应该明确现在完成时态属于现在时态的范畴。它所强调的不是过去发生的动作，而是对现在产生的结果和影响。否则用一般过去时态就够了。请看下面的对话。 AWe will send some one to America. 我们要派一个人去美国。 BI have been there. 我去过美国。 = I was there and I know the country very well. Would you send me there? 我去过那儿，很了解那个国家。能派我去吗？ CI have not been there. 我还没去过那儿呢。 = I didnt go to America. It is my turn. 我没去过。这次该我了。上面对话的前提是大家都抢着去美国。所以B用现在完成时态是想说明自己有经验，派他去好。而C用现在完成时态是说自己没去过，轮也该轮到他了。两句都是强调对现在产生的影响。Did you have dinner?Have you had dinner?Did you study English?Have you studied English? Laochang died?Laochang has died?Who was here?Who has been here? 2. 表示过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。 通常用于持续性较强的动词，例如：live, study, wait for, be等等，并且常常与since, for连用，since给出的是过去的一个时间点，如since 1958, 而for往往给出的是一个时间段，如for three years。 He has studied English for eight years.He studied English for eight years. Since 1980,they have known each other. We have waited for you for long time. Have you lived here for over ten years? 过去完成时态，将来完成时态和过去将来完成时态 学习完成时态应注意，所有完成时态在“态”的概念上是一样的，现在完成时态、过去完成时态、将来完成时态、过去将来完成时态所不同的只是时间上的概念。所以我们只要掌握现在完成时态，然后在时间上向过去推便是过去完成时态，向将来推便是将来完成时态。Say said said see saw seenYesterday, she said she had seen the film. I have studied English for 10 by now.by now by 2000 by2008I will have studied English for 10 years by 2010.-1990-2000-now-2010-In 2000, she said I had studied English for 10 yearsIn 2000, she said I would have studied English for 10 years 该句是指在“the end of this month”我们将完成工作。对本月底产生的影响也许是我们就有空了或我们就可以休息一下了。总之具体情况具体分析。 We will have studied English for 10 years by the end of this year. He said that by the end of the spring term he would have studied English for two years.该句表示study的动作是从said开始一直延续到将来，即the end of the spring term. 句型 时态主系表主谓宾现在完成have (has) beenhave (has) done过去完成had beenhad done将来完成will have beenwill have done过去将来完成would have beenwould have doneHe is rich. He was rich. He will be rich. He would be rich.He has been rich since 2000.He had been rich by 2000.He will have been rich by 2010.He said he would have been rich by 2008.-本课要求：牢记第3个句型的旗帜- be there be do的变化 (变为否定与疑问及时态变化) You are rich. 8There is a book on the desk. 4 The students study English. 6The students are studying English. 4The students have studied English. 4You are rich.You were rich.You will be rich.You would be rich.You have been rich.He said you had been rich.You will have been rich by 2010.He said you would have been rich by 2010.There is a book on the desk.There was a book on the desk.There will be a book on the desk.There would be a book on the desk.The students study English.The students studied English.The students will study English.The students are going to study English.The students would study English.The students were going to study English.The students are studying Englis