高考英语一轮复习 阅读理解选编（二）61.doc

浙江临安市2017高考英语阅读理解一轮选编【2015新课标全国卷I】阅读理解ADConflict is on the menu tonight at the caf La Chope.This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of Frances favorite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.It isnt always easy.They customers who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per sessioncare quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect.“You are forbidden to say one feels， or people think，”Lehanne told them.“Say I think， Think me”A caf society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldnt seem more unFrench.But Lehannes psychology caf is about more than knowing oneself: Its trying to help the citys troubled neighborhood cafes.Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening. The citys psychology cafes, which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places.Middleaged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about lovers, anger, and dreams with a psychologist.And they come to Lehannes group just to learn to say what they feel.“Theres a strong need in Paris for communication”， says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as religious instructor in a nearby church.“People have few real friends.And they need to open up” Lehanne says shed like to see psychology cafes all over France.“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldnt exist”， she says，“If life werent a battle, people wouldnt need a special place just to speak.But them, it wouldnt be France.”【试题分析】文章主要讲述了法国精神咖啡馆(psychology cafes)的社会意义和功能特色，以及在法国越来越受欢迎。1. What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope? ALearn a new subject. BKeep in touch with friends. CShow off their knowledge. DExpress their true feelings. 解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.”可知在La Chope咖啡馆鼓励人们表达他们真正的情感。故选D。答案：D2. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes? AThey are less frequently visited. BThey stay open for longer hours. CThey have bigger night crowds. DThey start to serve fast food. 解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours, a fast food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.”可知改变了年轻一代更多时间呆在家里。故选A。答案：A3. What are theme cafes expected to do? ACreate more jobs. BSupply better drinks. CSave the cafe business. DServe the neighborhood.解析：推理判断题。根据第二段“Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.”可以得出答案。故选C。答案：C4. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris? AThey bring people true friendship. BThey give people spiritual support. CThey help people realize their dreams. DThey offer a platform for business links.解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后两句话“If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldnt exist，” she says, “If life werent a battle, people wouldnt need a special place just to speak.but them, it wouldnt be France.”可知心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因在于他们给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。答案：B2016高考英语阅读理解-人生百味类 Honesty is the best policy, as the English saying goes. Unfortunately, honesty often leaves us when no one is watching, British psychologists reported last week. Researchers at UKs Newcastle University set up an experiment in their psychology departments coffee room. They set a kettle, with tea, coffee and milk on the counter and hung up a sign listing the price for drinks. People helping themselves to a cup of tea were supposed to put a few cents in the box nearby. The scientists hung a poster above the money box, and changed each week between pictures of gazing eyes and pictures of flowers. The researchers found that staff paid 2.76 times more for their drinks when the image of the eyes was hung. “We were shocked by the size of the effect,” said Gilbert Roberts, one of the researchers. Eyes are known to be a powerful perceptual (知觉的) signal for humans, scientists say. “Even though the eyes were not real, they still seemed to make people behave more honestly,” said Melissa Bateson, a behavioral biologist and leader of the study. Researchers believe the effect throws light on our evolutionary past. It may arise from behavioral characteristics that developed when early humans formed social groups to strengthen their chances of survival. For social groups to work, individuals had to co-operate, rather than act selfishly. “Theres an argument that if nobody is watching us, it is in our interests to behave selfishly. But when were being watched we should behave better. So people see us as co-operative and behave the same way towards us,” Bateson said. The new finding indicates that people have a striking response to eyes. That might be because eyes and faces send a strong biological signal we have evolved to respond to, Bateson said. The finding could be put to practical use. For example, images of eyes could ensure ticket sales on public transport and improve surveillance(监视) systems to deter anti-social behavior.【小题1】In the experiment, a poster was hung above the money box to _ Agive a harmonious atmosphereBremind people the drinks were not freeCprove the actual effect of different picturesDsee how honest people are in different situations【小题2】From the result of the experiment, we can conclude that _ Apeople might pay more for the drinks at the image of gazing eyesBpeople may be dishonest when no one is watching themCno one would pay for the drink unless they are told toDjust a image of flowers is not enough to remind people to pay for a drink【小题3】What is the best title for the passage? AYoure being watched!BPay for your drink, please!CMind your behavior in public!DLook out for electronic surveillance equipment!【小题4】Which of the following English proverbs can be best used at the beginning of the passage? AOnce a thief, always a thiefBLies have short legsCHonest is the best policyDAn honest look covers many faults 【四川省宜宾市李庄中学2014高考英语仿真模拟试题】EIn business, theres a speed difference: Its the difference between how important a firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy（策略）and how fast the company actually moves. The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful or losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In our study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain an edge ended with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track, Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up “improved their top and bottom lines ,averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a three-years period.How did they disobey the laws of business physics, taking more time than competitors yet performing better ? They thought differently about what “slower “and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand the difference between operation speed (moving quickly ) and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example , may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference . But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of lower-quality products and services.In our study, high performing companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary . They became more open to idea and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look and learn. By contrast (相比而言). Performance suffered at firms that moved falt all the among their employer , and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership . Teams that regularly take time to get things right , rather than plough ahead full bore , are more successful in meeting their business goals . That kind of strategy must come from the top.47 . What does the underlined part “gain an edge ” in Paragraph 2 mean ? A. Increase the speed. B. Get an advantage. C. Reach the limit. D. Set a goal48. The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means _. A. spending more time and performing worse. B. spending more time and performing better C. spending less time and performing worse D. spending less time and performing better 49. What can we learn from the text? A. how fast a firm moves depends on how big it is. B. how competitive a firm is depends on what it produces. C. Firms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes. D. Firms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.50. Where could be the last title for the text? A. Improve quality? Serve better. B. Deliver value? Plough ahead. C. Reduce time? Move faster. D. Need speed? Slow down. 【参考答案】47-50 BDCD 2016高考英语阅读理解-人生百味类A new study of 8,000 young people in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior shows that although love can make adults live healthily and happily, it is a bad thing for young people. Puppy love (早恋) may bring stress for young people and can lead to depression. The study shows that girls become more depressed than boys, and younger girls are the worst of all. The possible reason for the connection between love and higher risk of depression for girls is “loss of self”. According to the study, even though boys would say “lose themselves in a romantic relationship”, this “loss of self” is much more likely to lead to depression when it happens to girls. Young girls who have romantic relationships usually like hiding their feelings and opinions. They wont tell that to their parents. Dr Marian Kaufman, an expert on young people problems, says 15% to 20% young people will have depression during their growing. Trying romance often causes the depression. She advises kids not to jump into romance too early. During growing up, it is important for young people to build strong friendships and a strong sense of self. She also suggests the parents should encourage their kids to keep close to their friends, attend more interesting school activities and spend enough time with family. Parents should watch for signs of depression - eating or mood changes - and if they see signs from their daughters or sons, they need to give help. The good news is that the connection between romance and depression seems to become weak with age. Love will always make us feel young, but only maturity (成熟) gives us a chance to avoid its bad side effects.【小题1】 Which of the following is more likely to have depression? AYoung people who have a strong sense of selfishness.BYoung girls who always hide their feelings and opinions.CYoung boys whose parents watch for their behavior.DCareless parents whose children are deep in love.【小题2】What can be inferred from the passage? AThe older a woman is，the less likely she seems to lose herself in romance.BLacking love can lead young people to grow up more quickly.CEarly love makes young people keep close to their friends and parents.DParents should help their children to be aware of the signs of depression.【小题3】 Whats the authors attitude towards puppy love? AConfusedBDisinterestedCScaredDDisapproving【小题4】Whats the main idea of the passage? APuppy love may bring young people depression.BParents should forbid their childrens love.CRomance is a two edged sword for adults.DRomance is good for young people. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【安徽省蚌埠市三县联谊校2014高考二模】AFor almost two months Dominic York, a 23-year-old hairdresser, wandered about hospitals all night, wearing a white coat and pretending he was a doctor. Yesterday he proudly claimed in court that despite his complete lack of medical experience or qualifications, he had saved several peoples lives. He had even been allowed to assist a surgeon during an emergency operation on a patient who was about to die on something she had swallowed. “I watched one of those TV dramas about a hospital and suddenly I felt like playing one of the roles myself. So I put on a white jacket and a stethoscope(听诊器)and walked around one of the biggest hospital in London. At first I just watched. Once you learn how doctors talk to patients, nurses and others doctors, its easy to take people in,” he said. One of the patients he treated was Laura Kennan. She had been knocked down by a car and fainted. When she came to the hospital, York was standing over her. “He looked very professional.