2018_2019学年高二英语寒假作业第十四天.doc

第十四天单项选择1、i didnt like the _he talked tome.a.wayb.meansc.methodd.manner2、english is a language shared by several diverse cultures, _ uses it differently.a.all of whichb.each of whichc.all of themd.each of them3、a new study suggests that the more teenagers watch television,_ develop depression (抑郁症) as young adults.a.the more likely they are tob.the more likely they arec.they are the more likely tod.the more likely are they4、thank god youre safe!i stepped back, just _ to avoid the racing car.a.in timeb.in casec.in needd.in vain5、he was busy writing a story only _once in a while to smoke a cigarette.a.to stopb.stoppingc.to have stoppedd.having stopped 阅读理解6、 scientists are using robots to study the health of waters in and around venice, italy. the robots are designed to act like fish, other underwater creatures and plants. the scientists are working with several universities and research centers as part of a group called subcultron. the european union gives money to the project as part of its horizon 2020 program whose aim is to take great ideas from the lab to the market and support science and innovation (创新) in europe. the scientists want to use the artificial intelligence of the robots to help humans understand what is happening under the water of the venice lagoon (鴻湖). subcultron, a collective artificial intelligence project, plans to create the biggest shoal(鱼群) of robot fish in the world. the projects aim is to improve knowledge of the seabed and try to turn human abilities into h-tech items. alexandre campo, a computer scientist, says the scientists have looked at the way animals learn to work in groups to understand how robots can learn to work together. the subcultron project wants its robots to learn to work together so they can watch out for changes and new problems in the water. one problem the researchers had in the beginning was how the robots would communicate with each other. wi-fi and gps equipment dont work underwater. instead, the robots can use sonar (声呐) and an electric field. another problem was charging batteries. the robots come up to the water s surface and stay near a boat or a power station to charge without any electrical cables. besides, how to be waterproof, especially for some key pads of the robots, was really tough. fortunately, a special mixture has been created to be pinned on the robot, which successfully stands the test of water. the health state of the lagoon is pretty good. there are no industrial polluters, and the city now has a modern sewer (污水管) system. its not like before when all the waste flushed diretly into the water. the robots in venice will continue their work until 2019. the subcultron project hopes they develop into “an artificial society underneath the water surface” that serves “a human society above the water”.1.what can we learn about the project in paragraph 1?a.its researchers are all from universities.b.the european union has financially supported it.c.it uses robots to clean the waters in and around venice.d.it is aimed to support science and innovation worldwide.2.what can we infer according to alexandre campo?a.scientists have got an idea for robots from the animals.b.the robots are working separately to perform their tasks.c.subcultron is to turn human abilities into hi-tech items.d.the health state of the lagoon has greatly improved recently.3.the underlined word “they” in the last paragraph probably refers to “_”a.scientistsb.animalsc.robotsd.humans4.what does the author mainly want to tell us in the passage?a.robots are coming into our cities soon.b.animals can tell us how to clean the water.c.waters in venice have been greatly cleaned.d.robot fish watch out for the waters in venice.7、 organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is increasingly popular nowadays. consumers (消费者) have been willing to pay up to twice as much for goods with organic labels (标签). however, if you think paying a little more for organic food gets you a more nutritious and safer product, then youd better save your money. a study led by researchers at stanford university says that organic products arent necessarily more nutritious, and theyre no less likely to suffer from disease-causing bacteria, either. for their new study, smith-spangler and her colleagues conducted a review of two categories(种类)of research, including 17 studies that compared health outcomes between consumers of organic against traditional food products, and 223 studies that analyzed(分析) the nutritional content of the foods, including key vitamins, minerals and fats. while the researchers found little difference in nutritional content, they did find that organic fruit and vegetables were 20% less likely to have chemicals remaining on the surfaces. neither organic nor traditional foods showed levels of chemicals high enough to go beyond food safety standards(标准). and both organic and traditional meats, such as chicken and pork, were equally likely to be harmed by bacteria at very low rates. the researchers did find that organic milk and chicken contained higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids, a healthy fat also found in fish that can reduce the risk of heart disease. however, these nutritional differences were too small, and the researchers were unwilling to make much of them until further studies confirm the trends. organic food is produced with fewer chemicals and more natural-growing practices, but that doesnt always translate into a more nutritious or healthier product. the u. s. department of agriculture (usda) states that whether you buy organic or not, finding the freshest foods available may have the biggest effect on taste. fresh food is at least as good as anything marketed as organic.1.what does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph mean?a.organic food helps you save money.b.organic food contains much more nutrients.c.organic food is worth the high price.d.organic food is not always nutritious.2.smith-spangler and her colleagues found that _.a.organic food could reduce the risk of heart diseaseb.traditional food was grown with more natural methodsc.both organic and traditional food they examined were safed.there was not a presence of any forms of bacteria in organic food3.what is the authors attitude toward organic food?a.doubtfulb.unconcernedc.positived.supportive完形填空8、 when dave was eighteen,he bought a secondhand car for $ 200 so that he could travel to and from work more 1 than by bus. it worked quite well for a few years, but then itgot soold, andit was costing him 2 much in repairs that he decided that he had better 3 it. he asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly 4 to buy a cheap car,but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so 5 of them had any desire to buy it. daves friend sam saw that he was 6 when they met one evening,and said,“whats 7 , dave?” dave told him,and sam answered,well,what about advertising it in the paper? you may 8 more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement! thinking that sams 9 was sensible(合理的), he put an advertisement in an evening paper, which read for sale:small car, 10 very little petrol,only two ounces. bargain at 50. for two days after the advertisement first appeared, there was no 11 but then on saturday evening he had an enquiry(询问). a man rang up and said he would like to 12 himabout the car. “allright,” dave said,feeling happy. he asked the man whether ten oclock the nextmorning wouldbe 13 or not. “fine, the man said,.and ill 14 my wife. we intend to go for a ride in it to 15 it. the next morning,at a quarter to ten, dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, 16 to wait there for the people who had 17 his advertisement. even dave had to 18 that the car really looked like a wreck(残骸). then,soon after he had got the car as clean 19 it could be,a police car stopped just behind him and a policeman got out. he looked at daves car and then said,have you reported this 20 to us yet, sir?”1.a.directlyb.safelyc.properlyd.easily2.a.sob.suchc.veryd.too3.a.keepb.repairc.selld.throw4.a.anxiousb.luckyc.ashamedd.generous5.a.someb.neitherc.noned.most6.a.delightedb.upsetc.calmd.astonished7.a.onb.upc.itd.that8.a.learnb.missc.getd.find9.a.messageb.advicec.requestd.description10.a.usesb.losesc.hasd.spends11.a.doubtb.helpc.troubled.answer12.a.tellb.seec.agreed.call13.a.exactb.suitablec.earlyd.late14.a.followb.meetc.bringd.introduce15.a.recognizeb.gainc.admired.test16.a.happeningb.meaningc.turningd.failing17.a.readb.insertedc.answeredd.placed18.a.forgetb.showc.disagreed.admit19.a.asb.thatc.sod.such20.a.bargainb.salec.accidentd.result语法填空9、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 the lion is a special animal to chinese people. a pair of stone lions, a male and a female, are _( common) seen in front of the gates of traditional buildings. the lion _( regard) as the king in the animal world so it represents power. the stone lions are also used to indicate the ranks of _(official). it is interesting to note that china had no lions originally. the earliest stone lions were sculpted _the beginning of the eastern han dynasty (25一220 ad) with _introduction of buddhism to ancient china. in the buddhist faith, the lion,_can protect the truth and keep off evils, is considered a holy animal of nobleness and dignity. in chinese folk tales,the lion has become a symbol of _(brave), power and good luck. it was also popular _( decorate) bridges with stone lions for the same reason. the _(well) known of this is the lugou bridge (also called marco polo bridge),_(build) from 1189 to 1192. a famous proverb says, “the lions on the lugou bridge are countless.短文改错10、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(),并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。 the other day ,i was on my way back home from school while i found a lime boy crying on the road .i stopped and asked him what is the matter ,and he told me he couldnt find his mom .luckily ,he remembered his mothers telephone number .so i called him immediately .ten minute later ,the boy saw his mom and became exciting .his mom was so much thankful that she wanted to buy me a small gift ,and i refused .at that time ,i felt quite happily because i did something really good. to my opinion, the world needs love and we should be willing to help others without expecting any repay .if we wanted repay, as matter of fact, a “thank-you” is enough. 答案以及解析1答案及解析：答案：a解析：method, way,manner, means这四个词都有“方法”之意。 method着重指为达到目的或解决问题而采取的有系统、有步骤的方法,着重指方法的准确有效,常与介词with连用;way是普通用语,常指一般方式方法,常与介词in连用;manner指行为的特殊方式或独特的个人方法,常与介词in连用;means多指抽象或概括性意义的手段方法常与介词by连用。 2答案及解析：答案： b解析： 本题是一个定语从句,先行词是several diverse cultures,在定语从句里使用which指代先行词作为介词of的宾语。排除c、d两项,这两项并不是定语从句。a项在定语从句中作主语的时候,谓语动词要使用复数形式,本题定语从句中的uses说明a项是错误的。b项中的each作主语,谓语动词使用单数形式。句意:英语是一个被很多不同的文化共同使用的语言,每一种文化使用英语的方法都是不一样的。故b正确。 3答案及解析：答案：a解析：句意:新的研究表明,青少年看电视越多,长大后越有可能得抑郁症。the more, the more越越。两个the more之后,都是陈述句语序。句中空格后develop是一个动词,不可直接在前用be动词, 而be to do sth表示可能性,可以指将来。 4答案及解析：答案： a解析： 考查介词短语。句意:谢天谢地,你很安全。我朝后退了,才及时避开了飞速驶来的汽车。a及时;b以免;c需要;d徒劳。从语境可知说话人避开了汽车,而in time to do意思为“及时做某事”,所以a选项正确。 5答案及解析：答案： b解析： 句意:他在忙着写一个故事,只是偶尔停下来抽支烟。此处应为动词-ing形式作伴随状语,表示伴随write的动作。a项通常作目的状语和结果状语。 6答案及解析：答案：1.b; 2.a; 3.c; 4.d 7答案及解析：答案：1.d; 2.c; 3.a 8答案及解析：答案：1.d; 2.a; 3.c; 4.a; 5.c; 6.b; 7.b; 8.c; 9.b; 10.a; 11.d; 12.b; 13.b; 14.c; 15.d; 16.b; 17.c; 18.d; 19.a; 20.c解析：1.easily“容易”。他买车的主要目的是为了上下班方便。2.so. that. “如此以致”,这是一个固定结构。too much不能和that连用,我们经常使用too. to结构。3.根据上文修理花费太多,所以就决定卖掉它,而且下文也是围绕卖车而展开的。4.be anxious to do sth.“急着干某事”,戴夫想了解是否有人急着买车,因为他想卖掉自己的车。5.前面已经提到it was ming to pieces车很快要成碎片”, 所以没有人愿意买。neither用于两个人中没有一个,所以在这不合适。6.upset表示“心烦的”。因为没人愿意买车,所以他很心烦。7.whats即表示“怎么回事,发生了什么”。8.get表示“得到”,在这儿是表示“你将得到的要比广告花费的多”。9.advice表示“建议”,因为前面有一句“what about advertising it in the newspaper?”它就是一种建议“在报纸上登广告怎么样?”10.use表示“使用”,在这里表示车很省油, lose表示丢失”;have表示“有”;spend表示“花费(时间、金钱、精力等)”。11.answer表不“回应”,no answer表示广告登出去以后无人问津。doubt表示“怀疑”;help表示“帮助”;trouble表示“麻烦”,均不合题意。12.这里表示来看车。13.suitable表示“合适的”,在这里是问第二天早上10 点钟是否合适。14.bring my wife表示把妻子带来。15.test“测试”,买车的人将和妻子一道来测试一下车子。recognize“认出”;gain获得,得到”:admire“钦佩”,均不合题意。16.mean to do表示“打算做”,在这儿是指打算等买车的人。17.answer在这里表示“回应”,就趕指那个看了广告以后准备来看车的人。18.admit“承认”,在这里表示他自己也不得不承认自己的车看起来太旧了。19.这里是一个固定结构“as. as.20.accident事故”。 9答案及解析：答案：commonly; is regarded; officials; at; the; which; bravery; to decorate; best; built解析：狮子是动物之王,在中国民间被认为是勇敢、力量和好运的象征。1.commonly考査副词。句意:人们经常会在传统建筑的门前看到一对石狮子,一雄一雌。设空处要用副词修饰谓语动词are seen。2.is regarded考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意:狮子被认为是动物之王,因此它代表了力量。此处表示一种现实情况,故用一般现在时;the lion与regard之间是被动关系,主语是第三人称单数形式, 所以答案为is regarded。3.officials考査名词单复数。句意:石狮子也被用来表明官员的级别。 此处表示“官员”.应用名词。official是可数名词,设空处前没有修饰限制的词语,所以要用名词的复数形式。4.at考査介词。at the beginning of在.开始的时候.5.the考查冠词。特指佛教的传人,用定冠词表示特指。6.which考査定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the lion,关系词在从句中充当主语,所以要用关系代词which。7.bravery考査词性转换。句意:在中国民间故事中,狮子成了勇敢、 力量和好运的象征。and连接三个名词:bravery、power和luck。8.to decorate考査不定式。“it is+adj.+to do sth.”意为“做某事是的”,是固定句式。9.best考査形容词最高级。其中最出名的就是