仁爱英语七年级下册语法总结及练习题

初一语法专项练习一频度副词（一般现在时态的标志）alwaysusuallyoftensometimesseldom never，once a week, twice a month, three times a year, everyday等等对频度的提问，应该用how often（ ）1.How often does your sister surf the Internet? About _.A. three timeB. three times C. three time every day D. three times a day （ ）2. He is going there _ July 28th. A. on B. atC. inD. to（ ）3. Thank you for _ me find my little cat yesterday. A. help B. helpsC. helped D. helping（ ）4.Are you good at _? A. swimB. swimmingC. to swimD. swam（ ）5. Could I use your computer? _. A. Yes, I can.B. Yes, you cant C. Sorry, you cant D. No, I cant.（ ）6. _ does it take you to watch TV? About forty minutes. A. How long B. How muchC. How often D. How many（ ）7. When it rains, I _ a taxi. A. takeB. ride C. byD. sit（ ）8. _ are you staying in Ottawa? For two weeks. A. How long B. How manyC. How oftenD. How much（ ）9. Does Babara go to work _bus or _ foot? A. to; by B. with; onC. by; onD. on; on（ ）10. My birthday is in_. A. TuesdayB. April C. March 3rdD. Monday二交通方式的表达：by+交通工具或动词短语构成by bike, by bus, by car , by plane , by train , by subway，by land, by air, by sea, by water, on foot,（ride a bike, take a bus, take a plane, take a train, take the subway, walk to）问交通方式则应该用how, 如：How does he go to school? How do you go to the park? How does she go to work?1. My mother goes to work by bus.(同义句) My mother goes to work _ _ _.2. My grandma often goes home by subway. (就划线部分提问) _ does your grandma often _ home?3.Miss Yang walks to work everyday . (改为同义句) Miss Yang goes to work _ _ everyday?4.My grandma usually takes the subway home. （就划线部分提问） your grandma go home?三、现在进行时：1. 定义：表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作。经常与now, at the moment, look, listen等词连用。2. 基本结构：be (am/ is/ are)v-ing （动词的现在分词） Im watching TV now. 3. 现在分词的构成：（1）一般情况下在动词词尾加ing。gogoing ask asking looklooking （2）以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e加ing。have having taketaking makemaking writewriting（3）以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个字母，再加-ing。getgettingswimswimming beginbeginning shopshopping4. 现在进行时态的肯定式、否定式、疑问式及简略回答。（1）肯定式：bev-ing She is singing in the next room. （2）否定式：benotv-ing The students arent cleaning the room. （3）一般问句：be动词提前。肯定答语Yes，主语be，否定答语No，主语be not。5.特殊疑问问句：疑问词be 主语doing其他？(疑问词一般疑问句). 写出下列动词的ing形式1. clean_ 2. read_ 3. play_ 4. have_5. get_6. eat_7. take_8. make_ 9. look_ 10.watch_.句型转换1. Amy is playing computer games. (一般疑问句，肯定回答)_ _2.They are doing their homework.（一般疑问句 否定句）_3. The students are cleaning the classroom . (一般疑问句，否定回答)_ _4. Im playing football on the playground .(画线提问)_5. Tom is reading books in his study . (画线提问)_四现在进行时与一般现在时的区别：（一）一般现在时定义：表示经常性的动作。 经常与频率副词（时间状语）连用：often经常, usually通常, always总是， every每个, sometimes有时， at在几点钟等。 只有第三人称单数用动词三单形式，其余动词均用原形 。（二）现在进行时1. 定义：表示（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作,。经常与now, at the moment, look, listen等词连用。1.现在进行时表示动作的暂时性，而一般现在时表示动作的习惯性和经常性 I am watching TV now. （暂时性） I watch TV every day. （经常性）2.现在进行时可表示短暂性动作，而一般现在时表示长久性动作。Lucy is living in Beijing.（短时间居住）Lucy lives in Beijing. （长久性居住）用动词的适当形式填空。1. We often_(play) in the playground.2. He _(get) up at six oclock.3. -Who_(sing)a song? -Li Ying is.5. Danny _(study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at school.6. Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. _ Mike_(read) English every day?8. Look,the boy_(run)fast.9. -What are you doing? -I_(do) my homework.10. Look！ The boy over there_(play) a model plane.五、there be 句型1、 定义：There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。2、结构：(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语. (2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.注意事项： there是引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。如：There is a teacher and many students in our classroom. 我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。There are many students and a teacher in our classroom. 树下有两个男孩，一个女孩。there be 句型的常考点考点一：各种句型转化。1：变成否定There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如： There is a bike behind the tree. There isnt a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.2：变成一般疑问句There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首，再在句尾加上问号即可。但同时要注意：当肯定句中有some时，要将其改为any（否定变化也一样）。There is some water on Mars. Is there any water on Mars? Yes, there is. No, there isnt.There are some fish in the water. Are there any fish in the water? Yes, there are. No,there arent.3：特殊疑问句对主语提问：当主语是人的时候，则用who 引导，当主语是物的时候，则用what 引导。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如： There are many things over there. Whats over there? There is a little girl in the room.Who is in the room? 对地点状语提问：则用where 引导。如：There is a computer on the desk. Where is the computer? There are four children on the playground. Where are the four children? 对数量提问：般有两种句型结构： How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？ How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？练习I. 将下列句子变成否定句和一般疑问句。1.There is some water in the bottle. _2.There are many apples in the box. _II. 对句子划线部分提问。3.There are seven days in a week. _4.There are lots of books in our library._5.There is a knife over there. _6.There is a little milk in the glass. _。( )8.There_ not _ milk in the cup on the table . A. are, many B. are , much C. is ,many D. is ,much ( )9.How many _ are there in the room ? A. apple B. students C. milk D. paper ( )10. There _ something wrong with our classroom. A. are B. has C. is D. have六、介词、 at + 具体时刻：at 3：00 on + 具体某天 in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分eg. 1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3. _ a rainy evening 4. _3:50 5._ 2002 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10. _ March另外注意：在时间词（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。、in , on , at 表地点：at一般指小地方； in一般指大地方或某个范围之内； on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。eg. 1)He arrived _Shanghai yesterday.2)They arrived _a small village before dark.3)There is a big hole _ the wall.4)The teacher put up a picture _ the wall.、 in the tree(外加在树上的事物) on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等) in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物) on the wall(墙表面的事物) 1) There is a map _ the wall 2) There are four windows _ the wall.V、 in front of :在前面/方（范围外） in the front of:在前部（范围内） 类似区别：at the back of与behind七一般过去时态1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。2Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasnt）are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=werent）带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didnt +动词原形，如：Jim went home yesterday.Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句？如：Jim went home yesterday. Did Jim go home yesterday? What did Jim do yesterday?与表示过去的一些时间状语连用。1. yesterday或以其构成的短语：yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等；2. 由“last+一时间名词”构成的短语：last night, last year (winter, month, week)等；3. 由“时间段+ago”构成的短语：a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等；4. 其它：just now等5. 由某些表示过去时态的从句等。动词过去式变化规则：1一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2结尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted3末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不规则动词过去式：过去时练习写出下列动词的过去式 cook_ enjoy_ dance_ help_ live_ begin_ hurt_ draw_ write_ read_ come_ go_do_ is_ are_ come_ play_ sing_ ask_ dance_ have_ write_ can_ swim_ ride_ take_ speak_ make_一、用be动词的适当形式填空1I _ at school just now.2He _ at the camp last week.3We _ students two years ago.4They _ on the farm a moment ago.5Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型转换1. It was exciting. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_2. All the students were very excited. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_3. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_4. Nancy went to school early. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_5. We sang some English songs. 否定句：_一般疑问句：_肯、否定回答：_综合时态练习：用正确的动词形式填空。1.The children are _ (run) there now.2.-I _ up at half past six this morning. (get ) 3.My mother _ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)4.Listen! Who_(sing) in the music room? Oh. Mary _(sing) there.5.They _ a meeting yesterday. ( not have)6.- _ you _ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I dont have any. 7.She likes eggs, but she _ (not like) bread.8.My mother _ (tell) me a story every night.9.- How much meat _ you _ (want) ? - A kilo, please.10.Someone _ (be) in the next room. 11.There _ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box.12.The twins _ thirteen two years ago. (be)13.Where _ her friend _ (swim) now, do you know? 14.Look! The bus _ (come).15.She _ (go) to school from Monday to Friday. 16.She always _ (do) your homework well.17.-What _ she _ (do)? -She _ (clean) her room now.18.Look at the man. He _ (drink) tea. 19.Listen! She _ (sing) an English song.20.They _ (clean) the floor now.21.The day before