外研版七年级英语下期末感叹句一般疑问句复习.doc

感叹句感叹句是表达喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊奇、惊讶等强烈感情的句子。感叹句通常由 what 或 how 引导。what和how与所修饰的词置于句首，其它部分用陈述句语序。 一、 由what引导的感叹句：what意为多么用作定语，修饰名词（被强调部分），单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词。这类句子的结构形式是： what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语. 如： What a clever girl she is! 多么聪明的姑娘呀！ What an interesting story it is! 多么有趣的故事呀！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子呀！ What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花呀！ What delicious food it is! 多么有味的食物呀！ What heavy snow it is! 多么大的雪呀！ 二、由how引导的感叹句：how意为多么，用作状语，修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）。如果修饰形容词，则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词，则句中的谓语动词用行为动词，这类句子的结构形式是： How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语. 如： How cold it is today! 今天多么冷呀！ How nice the pictures are! 多么漂亮的图画呀！ How happy they look! 他们显得多么高兴呀！ How well she sings! 她唱得多好呀！ How hard they are working now! 他们干得多么起劲呀！ 三、在表示同一意义时，英语感叹既可用what引导，也可用how引导。如： What a hot day it is! How hot the day is ! 多么热的天气呀！ What tall buildings they are! How tall the buildings are! 多么高的楼房呀！ What bad weather it is! How bad the weather is! 多么糟糕的天气呀！ What bright sunshine it is! How bright the sunshine is! 多么明亮的阳光呀！ 四、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时，口语中常常采用省略句，其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲。 如： What a fine day! 多么晴朗的天呀！ What an honest boy! 多么诚实的孩子呀！ What red apples! 多么红的苹果呀！ How cool! 好凉快呀！ How wonderful! 精彩极了！一、由 what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：1. 可用句型：“ What + a/an 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如： What a nice present it is! 它是一件多么好的礼物啊！ What an interesting book it is! 它是一本多么有趣的书啊！2. 可用句型：“ What 形容词可数名词复数主语谓语！”。如： What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！ What good children they are! 他们是多么好的孩子啊！3. 可用句型：“ What 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！”。如： What fine weather it is today! 今天天气多好啊！ What important news it is! 多重要的新闻啊！二、由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：1. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 / 副词主语谓语！”。如： How careful she is! 她多么细心啊！ How fast he runs! 他跑得多快啊！2. 可用句型：“ How 形容词 a/an 可数名词单数主语谓语！”。如： How beautiful a girl she is! 她是个多么漂亮的姑娘啊！3. 可用句型：“ How 主语谓语！”。如： How time flies! 光阴似箭！由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：How beautiful a girl she is! What a beautiful girl she is!What delicious cakes these are! How delicious these cakes are!三、有时感叹句也可以由一个单词、词组、祈使句、陈述句等构成。如： Good idea! （好主意！） wonderful! （太精彩了！） Thank goodness! （谢天谢地！）感叹句巧解：感叹句要看后面，即看形容词后的东东，1) 若形容词后紧跟可数名词单数，就用what a/an；是不可数名词或可数名词复数，只用what。2）若形容词后后紧跟a/an/the/my/your/this/that/Toms等等乱七八糟的东西，想都不用想，直接用how就OK了。如： 例句1：What a good boy he is! 他是个多么好的男孩啊！ / 形容词 单数名词 例句2：What good boys they are! 他们是多么好的男孩啊！/ 形容词 复数名词 例句3：What cold weather it is! 多么冷的天气啊！/ 形容词 不可数名词 例句4：How good the boy is! 这男孩多好啊！/ 形容词 乱糟糟 若没有形容词，而出现副词或是句子，直接用how.例：How well he plays the guitar! 他吉他弹得多好啊！ / 副词 （what不可以修饰副词，看到副词直接用how） How time flies! How fast Liu Xiang runs 打油诗一首: 感叹句往后看 形容词后是名单 就用what a或what an 形后若是不可数或名复数 只用what就可以 形容词后乱糟糟 只写how就OK了 专项练习一、填入适当的词完成下列感叹句。1)._ difficult homework we had yesterday!2)._cute dog it is!3)._ interesting the story is!4)._ bad the weather in England is!5)._ honest boy Tom is！6)._ tasty smell the cake gave off!7)._ good time we had on the beach yesterday!8)._ exciting news youve brought us!9)._cool your new car is!10)._ scary these tigers are! 二、选择填空。1. _ fast the boy ran!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an2. _ well you sing but _ badly he dances!A. How, howB. What, whatC. How, whatD. What, how3. _ delicious the soup is! Id like some more.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 4. _ fools they were! They believed what the man said. A. How B. How an C. What D. What an5. _ foolish they were! They believed what the man said. A. HowB. How an C. WhatD. What an6. _ difficult questions they are! I cant answer them.A. How B. How an C. What D. What an7. I miss my friend very much. _ I want to see her!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an8. _ lovely weather we are having these days!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an9. _ beautiful your new dress is!A. How B. How an C. What D. What an10. _ interesting work it is to teach children! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an三、所给句子填空，使填空句变为相应的感叹句：1. The boy swam very fast.（同义句）_ _ the boy swam!2. The school trip is very exciting. （同义句）_ _ the school trip is!3. Hei Longjiang looks very beautiful in winter. （同义句）_ _ Hei Longjiang looks in winter!4. It is a very useful dictionary. （同义句）_ _ _ dictionary it is!_ _ _ dictionary is!5. The students are listening very carefully._ _ the students are listening!附一：感叹句记忆口诀感叹句，并不难，what与how应在前。形容词、副词跟着how，what后面名词连。名词若是可数单，前带冠词a或an。主语、谓语放后面，省略它们也常见。附二：巧变感叹句在把陈述句变感叹句时，可以根据以下这种方法一断二加三换位。“一断”即在谓语后面断开，使句子分成两部分。如：He works hard. He works / hard.He is a good worker. He is / a good worker.“二加”即在第二部分前加上how（强调形容词、副词）或what（强调名词）。如：He works（how）hard.He is（what）a good worker.“三换位”即把第一部分和第二部分互换位置，句号换感叹号。如：How hard he works!What a good worker he is!感叹句操练场一操练第一式：用What或How来补全以下的感叹句。1. _ a pretty girl she is!2. _ quickly the boy is running!3. _ kind teachers they are!4. _ clever the baby is!5. _ I miss my hometown (家乡)!二操练第二式：从所给的四个选项中选出正确的填空。WhatWhat aWhat anHow1. _ happy I am!2. _ sad child he is!3. _ hot water it is!4. _ hard they study!5. _ able (能干的) young man he is!三操练第三式：按要求对下列句子进行句型转换。1. He listened to his teacher carefully.(该为感叹句) _ _ he listened to his teacher!2. What a clever monkey it is!(该为同义句)_ _ a monkey it is!3. The food is very nice.(该为感叹句)_ _ food it is!4. How sadly they are crying!(该为陈述句)They _ _ _.5. The Christmas tree is beautiful.(该为感叹句)_ _ the Christmas tree is!特殊疑问句展示平台Hello, everyone!在介绍自己之前请先看几个句子：What is your name? How are you? Where is the cat? When do you get up in the morning?怎么样，认识它们吗？这些句子也就是我特殊疑问句。有人说英语的疑问句与汉语有所不同，学起来比较吃力。其实，我在英语的句子可是非常重要的，想了解我多一点，那就来吧！帮你分析1疑问词我的定义是以what, who, when, where, how等开头的疑问句。这些表示疑问的词叫做疑问词。当然提问的内容的不同，我们使用的疑问词也不同。问物或做什么事用what，问电话号码也用what;问人的用who;问谁的用whose;问哪里用where;问何时用when;问年龄用how old;问身高用how tall;问颜色用what colour等。例如：What colour is your sweater ?Its blue.你的毛衣是什么颜色的？蓝色。Where is your father ?Hes in the kitchen.你的爸爸在哪？他在厨房。2语序想知道对方是谁，汉语中可问“你是谁？”译成英语时语序变了，成了“Who are you ?”而不能是“You are who?”所以，在英语中，我们特殊疑问句一般用倒装的语序，即用“特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的语序”构成。小贴士如果疑问词在句中作主语，则其后直接跟动词，语序不变。例如：Who is going to the park tomorrow?明天谁要去公园？3回答回答一般疑问句用yes和no来回答。但回答我们特殊疑问句时不可以用yes或no来回答，而应根据所提问的内容直接做出回答。例如：How tall are you ?Im1.7 meters tall.你多高？我1.7米高。How isyour brother?Hes fine. Thanks你弟弟好吗？他很好，谢谢。小贴士问句中的名词在答语中常用代词来代替，如上句中的your brother由he来代替。一般来说，this和that指物常用it来代替；these和those指物或人时可以用they代替。如：Whats this ?Its a book. What are these? They are books.4语调一般疑问句在朗读时应用升调，选择疑问句先升后降，而我们特殊疑问句在朗读时则用降调。特殊疑问句操练场一根据句意，请从方框中选出合适的特殊疑问词来完成句子。Whathow whenwherewhosewhichwhy1. I have two apples, _one do you like better?2._ do you go to school every day ?On foot .3._did you go last night ?I went to the cinema.4._do you get up so early?Because I want to do morning exercises (做早操).5._can I do for you ?I would like a pencil.6._shirt is this ?Maybe its Lilys.7._did you go to bed last night ?At about 11:00.8._ do you want to buy for your mother?A sweater.二根据汉语提示，将句子