初中英语一般现在时

1 一一 般般 现现 在在 时时 讲讲 解解 和和 练练 习习 一 一 定义定义 一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作 也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格 和能力 例 1 表示事物或人物的特征 状态 The sky is blue 天空是蓝色的 2 表示经常性或习惯性的动作 I get up at six every day 我每天六点起床 3 表示客观现实 The earth goes around the sun 地球绕着太阳转 二二 一般现在时常用时间状语一般现在时常用时间状语 时间副词 时间副词 in the morning afternoon evening every week day year month on Sundays Monday Tuesday at night once a week always 总是 usually 通常 often 经常 sometimes 有时 never 从不 三 用法 三 用法 1 肯定句 肯定句 1 句中有 be am is are 和情态动词时 be 动词时 主语是 I 时要用 am 主语是 you 时要用 are 其他用 is 是情态动词时 后面的动词用原型 例 I am a student You are very beautiful She is my best friend He can do his homework by himself 2 没有 be am is are 动词和情态动词 主语为第三人称单数 she he it 单数可数名词 不可数名词的 动词要按规 则加上 s 或 es 主语是复数可数名词的肯定句 动词用原形 例 She He It likes fish 她 他 它 喜欢鱼 主语为第三人称单数 The table has four legs 桌子有四条腿 主语为单数可数名词 2 Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius 水在 100 度沸腾 主语为不可数名词 They go to school every day 他们每天都去上学 主语是复数可数名词的 动词 用原形 注意的问题 注意的问题 第三人称单数以及第三人称单数时动词的变化规则 在一般现在时中 当主语是第三人称单数时 谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式 即常在动词原形后加 s 或 es 但有些同学们对于哪些主语是第三人称单数还不十分清 楚 现归纳总结如下 1 人称代词 he she it 是第三人称单数 如 He likes watching TV 他喜欢看电视 She has lunch at twelve 她十二点吃午餐 It looks like a cat 它看起来像只猫 2 单个人名 地名或称呼作主语 是第三人称单数 如 Han Mei looks like her mother 韩梅看起来像她的母亲 Beijing is in China 北京在中国 Uncle Wang often makes cakes 王叔叔经常做蛋糕 3 单数可数名词或 this that the 单数可数名词 作主语时 是第三人称单数 如 A horse is a useful animal 马是有用的动物 This book is yours 这本书是你的 That car is red 那辆小汽车是红色的 The cat is Lucy s 这只猫是露茜的 4 不定代词 someone somebody nobody everything something 等及指示代词 this that 作主语时 是第三人称单数 如 Everyone is here 大家到齐了 There is something wrong with the watch 这块手表有毛病 This is a pen 这是一支钢笔 3 That is an eraser 那是一块橡皮擦 5 不可数名词作主语时为第三人称单数 如 The milk is in the glass 牛奶在玻璃杯里 The bread is very small 那面包很小 6 当数字或字母作主语时 看作第三人称单数 如 6 is a lucky number 6 是个吉利数字 I is a letter I 是个字母 动词 s 的变化规则 1 一般情况下 直接加 s 如 cook cooks make makes runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs 2 以 s x sh ch o 结尾 加 es 如 guess guesses wash washes watch watches go goes 3 以 辅音字母 y 结尾 变 y 为 i 再加 es 如 study studies 方法与发音 1 一般情况下 直接加 s eg works plays rains sees 2 以 sh ch s x 或 o 结尾的词后加 es eg washes teaches fixes does goes 3 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的 先把 y 改成 i 再加 es eg studies flies carries 注意 动词加 s 以后的读音 动词加 s 后的读音 1 在 p t k f 等清辅音后 发清辅音 s eg helps works likes hates laughs 2 在浊辅音和元音后 发浊辅音 z eg drives cleans plays 3 在 s z t d 后 发 iz rises wishes teaches urges 4 在 t d 后 发 ts dz eg fits sets needs 5 其他情况下发 z eg plans cries shows 4 练习 1 1 Jenny in an office Her parents in a hospital A work works B works work C work are working D is working work 2 One of the boys a black hat A have B there is C there are D has 3 Wang Mei music and often to music A like listen B likes listens C like are listening D liking listen 4 Jenny English every evening A has study B studies C study D studied 5 The teachers speak English in class 6 The teacher speak English in class 2 否定句 否定句 1 句中有 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 时 否定句在 be 动词和情态动词 后加 not I am not a teacher He can not fly 2 句中没有 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 时 主语为第三人称单数的否 定句 在动词原形前加 does not doesn t He doesn t like cats 3 句中没有 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 时 主语为复数可数名词的否定 句 在动词原形前加 do not don t They don t go to school on Sundays 练习 2 1 The cat not like you 2 Brian not live in China 3 The picture nice A don t look B is looked C doesn t look D is looking 4 I have many books 改为否定句 5 厦门不下雪 6 她不看新闻 7 我妈妈不喜欢吃肉 3 疑问句 疑问句 1 句中有 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 时 一般疑问句将 be 动词或情态 动词放在句首 由肯定句变为一般疑问句的步骤 由肯定句变为一般疑问句的步骤 5 把 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 提前 大写和小写的转换 句首的第一个字母要大写 句末要加问号 例 肯定句 She is a student 疑问句 Is she a student 肯定句 He can swim 疑问句 Can he swim 疑问句的回答 用什么问就用什么来回答 Is she a student Yes she is No she isn t Can you swim Yes I can Yes I can t 2 句中如果没有 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 时 主语为第三人称单 数 she he it 单数可数名词 不可数名词的疑问句要用 does 来提问 即在句首加即在句首加 does 句子 句子 中原有动词用原形中原有动词用原形 例 Does he like Chinese 他喜欢汉语吗 Yes he does 是的 他喜欢 汉语 Does a dog eat meat 狗吃肉吗 No it doesn t 不 它不吃 肉 3 句中如果没有 be 动词 am is are 或情态动词 may can must should 时 主语为复数可数名主语为复数可数名 词的疑问句要用词的疑问句要用 do 来提问 来提问 Do you like monkeys No we don t Do students study Englsih Yes they do 同时还要注意在肯定句变成否定句时 若是遇遇 I we you my your Some any 句号句号 问号问号 Does your cat eat any fruits 你的猫吃水果吗 练习 3 1 she do the housework every day 2 Does Jenny has a good friend Yes she have No she not have 3 you study English at school Yes I do 4 your sister study English at school No she do 6 5 She lives in a small town near New York 改为一般疑问句 6 我每天都必须来吗 7 你爸爸每天早上都看报纸吗 4 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词 am is are 相应的人称 其他 do 人称 动词原形 其他 What Where Who When Which why how whose am is are 相应的人称 名词 其他 What Where Who When Which why how whose do does 相应的人称 名词 动词原形 其他 Who are you 你是谁 Why is your mother so busy 你妈妈为什么这么忙 How are you is your dad 你好吗 你爸好吗 What does he do everyday 他每天做什么 When does your father go to work every day 你爸爸每天什么时候去上班 Who studies very hard in our class 我们班谁学习非常努力 Which computer games do you like 你喜欢那种电脑游戏 练习题 4 1 Where you have lunch every day 2 Who 想要 to go swimming 3 Why Tom absent today be 4 I often play football on Friday afternoon 就划线部分提问 5 Lily waters the flowers everyday 6 为什么她每天都那么早去上学 7 他带的是谁的眼镜 7 课后巩固练习题 完成时间 课后巩固练习题 完成时间 20 分钟 分钟 一 按照要求改写句子 1 This is my pencil 变一般疑问句 2 These red socks are Kate s 变一般疑问句 3 I want to buy a big green bag 变特殊疑问句 4 Mary does not have any books 变肯定句 5 The clothing shop is on sale 变为否定句 6 She likes the black bag very much 变为否定句 7 I buy the pants for only 50 Yuan 用 she 改写句子 8 It s an English dictionary 对画线部分提问 9 Lily and Lucy are fifteen years old now 对画线部分提问 10 Her dog is 2 years and 5 months old 变为否定句 11 I usually get up at seven o clock 用 he 改写句子 8 12 He often has hamburger and apples for dinner 变为一般疑问句 13 My family always like thrillers 对画线部分提问 14 Jane s sister wants to see the comedy 变为一般疑问句 15 Maria and Jack come to this school on Monday 对画线部分提问 二 完成句子 1 他每天六点钟起床 He six every morning 2 小明经常去远足 Xiao Ming hiking 3 她总是在星期天看望爷爷奶奶 She her grandparents on Sundays 4 Sandy 周末上学吗 Sandy school on weekends 5 他什么时候去上班 When he go to 6 李云喜欢秋天 不喜欢冬天 Li Yun autumn but he like winter 7 今天的天气怎么样 What s the like 8 她有电脑吗 she a computer 9 Sue 有一本有趣的故事书 Sue an book 三 be 动词填空 1 you Li Fen No not 2 Mr green very busy Yes he 3 He must at home 4 Comedy very interesting 9 5 What class you in 6 You and I good friends 7 His friends very funny 8 The twins very happy because they want to go to a movie 9 Our class big but their class small 10 The basketball club exc