河南省郑州市2014高考英语一轮 短文改错、书面表达训练（14）

1 郑州市郑州市 20142014 高考英语短文改错 书面表达一轮训练 高考英语短文改错 书面表达一轮训练 1414 附参考范 附参考范 文文 专专 题题 复复 习习 短文改错 一 短文改错的主要特点 1 内容大都是学生身边或社会生活中常见的话题 以记叙文为主 有时也有说明文或应 用文 2 内容相对独立 完整 命题的总原则是整篇理解 分行解题 3 语言简单易懂 没有生僻的词汇或繁难的句法结构 短文的词数为 120 左右 4 考查要点覆盖面广 分布合理 涉及词法 句法 行文逻辑等三个方面 二 短文改错的常见类型 纵观近几年高考题中的短文改错 不难看出 其错误形式基本上为 错词占 6 行左右 正确占 1 行 多词和缺词一般占 3 行左右 错误类型主要涉及动词 名词 形容词 副词 冠词 代词 介词 连词 主谓一致 固定结构等语法知识 其中 动词时态 语态 非谓 语动词等是考查重点 结束 高考英语书面表达要求学生通过审查文字提示 图画 表格等后进行有一定控制性的写 作 学生在这种题型上常犯的错误之一就是 遗漏要点 难点磁场 6 月 9 日 星期天 你和朋友本来约好去看球赛 但未看成 请你根据下列六幅图画写 一篇日记 注意 1 日记必须包括所有图画内容 可以适当增减细节 使日记连贯 2 词数 100 左右 3 开头已给出 June 9 Sunday Fine It is Sudnay today 案例探究 2 10 月 23 日 星期五 中午在你上学途中发生了一件事情 请根据下列图画用英语写一 篇日记 注意 1 日记须包括所有图画的内容 可适当增减细节 使日记连贯 2 词数 100 左右 命题意图 本题考查学生的读图能力和运用逻辑讲述故事 传达主旨的能力 错解分析 1 人称 时态运用不准确 2 主要内容遗漏 解题技巧与方法 1 细读文字说明部分 弄清人称 时间 事件背景 2 仔细观 察每一幅图 确定文章中心 确定内容要点 a 听见喊救命 下水救女孩 b 好心人相助 c 送女孩去医院 d 上课迟到 e 感谢信 f 受表扬 3 依据要点写出提纲 然后 拓展成文 4 检查要点 格式 人称 时态 动词变化形式 标点符号等 参考答案 October 23rd FridayFine On my way to school at noon I heard loud shouts from the lake I found a girl struggling in the water I quickly jumped into the lake swam towards the drowning girl and carried her to the bank A kind woman also came to help We immediately sent the girl to the nearest hospital When I hurried to school I was late for class However I didn t explain to my teacher what had happened But to my surprise a letter of thanks to me was put up on the bulletin board in our school in the afternoon So my teacher and classmates knew the whole thing and they praised me a lot I felt a little shy but proud 结束 Passage It s easy to go downhill than to climb uphill so it s 1 easier to fall into bad habits than into good one 2 Bad habits don t come suddenly It come little by 3 little Schoolboys first picks up a little in school and on 4 the streets When they cannot write their homework they 5 copy from their schoolmate If they see bigger boys 6 3 smoking they also want learn to smoke When they 7 get bigger the habits become stronger or 8 stronger so that they can not longer get rid of 9 them What necessary it is that we get rid of the bad 10 habits in the beginning 参考答案 Key 11 1 Easy easier 2 one ones 3 It They 4 picks pick 5 right 6 Schoolmate schoolmates 7 to learn 8 or and 9 not no 10 What How 结束 结束 图表式书面表达思路与技巧图表式书面表达思路与技巧 图表式书面表达是常见的一种写作形式 现笔者结合下面一则实例 谈谈怎样写好这类书面表 达 根据以下表格内容 请以 How to Reduce the Present City Population 为题 用英语 为杂志社写一篇短文 阐述你对这一问题的见解 建议 I 具体措施 A 晚婚 B 一对夫妇 一个孩子 目的 减少人口自然增长 人口出生率 建议 II 具体措施 严格控制外地人进城务工经商 目的 减少外地人口对城市的压力 建议 III 具体措施 A 在郊区 建造生活 商业 文教 卫生 娱乐 休闲生活小区 B 在城外建造卫 星城 目的 吸引城市居民到郊区和卫星城工作和生活 注意 1 词数 100 左右 2 参考词汇 严格控制 have a tight control 卫星城 satellite town 一 认真审题 准确把握提示要求 1 审体裁 准确把握体裁是写好一篇文章关键的一步 体裁的形式直接决定着考生用英语 4 表达信息的途径和形式 并影响着书面表述语句的正确性和准确性 2 审人称 根据体裁要求 要准确把握人称的使用 是用第一 二人称 还是用第三人称 3 审时态 不同的体裁 其动词时态的使用也各有不同 一般情况下 故事 日记等体裁常 以一般过去时为主要动词时态 书信 便条 通知等体裁常以一般现在时为主要动词时态 分析以上实例 应以第一人称的口吻进行描写 从题目要求 表内要点以及体裁可知 本文时 态应以一般现在时为主体时态 二 理清表内要点 进行合理发挥 图表式书面表达其主要内容常被列在表内 考生首先必须理清表内内容要点 抓住主要信息 进行描写 可先把表内所提供的内容要点用英语列出 尽量使用一些较高层次的词汇或短语 以及所学过的句法结构 如定语从句 分词结构等 进行描述 例如上述实例图表中的内容可 用英语列出以下几个短语或句式 1 practice a policy of Late Marriage and One Couple One Child 2 reduce the birth rate 3 have a tight control over country people entering cities to do various physi cal jobs 4 lighten the pressure on the city caused by the increasing population 5 build apartment blocks with shopping centers schools hospitals as well as cinemas and theaters around us or even build satellite towns in the city suburb s or the counties round the cities 6 encourage city citizens to move there to live and work 三 正确使用过渡性词语 提高文章的连贯性 过渡性词语的使用是语言的连贯性得以实现的最常用手段 在句子与句子之间 段落与段落 之间恰当地使用一些承上启下的过渡性词语是非常必要的 例如上述实例 我们可在要点 1 前插入表示时间顺序的过渡词语 first firstly 在要点 3 前插入 secondly 在要点 5 前插入 finally 在要点 6 前可以插入表示终结关系的过渡短语 in this way by this m eans 现将中学课本中应掌握的过渡词语总结如下 1 表示起始关系的有 first of all according to so far as far as to begin wit h in my opinion 等 2 表示时间顺序的有 first then later in the end finally at last after tha t since then immediately suddenly soon 等 3 表示空间顺序的有 on the right left on one side of at the top foot en d of in the middle of in front of at the back of 等 4 表示并列关系的有 and or also too as well as neither nor not only bu t also either or not but 等 5 表示转折关系的有 but yet however while on the contrary 等 6 表示因果关系的有 because since as for thanks to thus therefore as a r esult of one reason is that another reason is that 等 7 表示条件关系的有 if unless as so long as on condition that 等 8 表示让步关系的有 although though even if in spite of after all in fact what who when where how ever 等 5 9 表示递进关系的有 what s more further more besides what s worse to make th e matter worse also still on the one hand on the other hand 等 10 表示列举事实的过渡性词语有 for example instance such as take for examp le as follows and so on 等 11 表示总结性的有 in short in brief in a word on the whole 等 12 表示过渡性的插入语有 I think believe suppose imagine guess I m afr aid you know as is known to us all as we all know 等 根据以上图表式书面表达题写作思路 上述实例可整理成文如下 How to Reduce the Present City Population Our modern city is crowded and to solve the problem three proposals are put fo rward Most of the people think that we should first practice the policy of Lat e marriage and One Couple One Child in order to reduce the birth rate Secon dly the city governments must have a tight control over country people entering cities to do various physical jobs so as to lighten the pressure on the city ca used by the increasing population Finally more and more people suggest that we should build apartment subdivisions with shopping centers schools hospitals as well as cinemas and theaters around them or even build satellite towns around the cities In this way city citizens will be encouraged to move there to live and work If these three proposals are well carried out the population will be greatly reduced 结束 高考英语作文精选范文 看图作文类看图作文类 8 8 假如你叫王平 根据图表提示 给你的加拿大网友假如你叫王平 根据图表提示 给你的加拿大网友 SmithSmith 写一封信 介绍你的寒假生活写一封信 介绍你的寒假生活 共 共 2020 天 天 可根据自己的实际情况添加细节 可根据自己的实际情况添加细节 注意 注意 1 1 词数 词数 100100 左右 左右 2 2 开头已经给出 不计入总词数 开头已经给出 不计入总词数 DearDear Smith Smith HowHow areare you you HowHow timetime flies flies NowNow thethe winterwinter vacationvacation waswas overover andand I I havehave comecome backback toto schoolschool again again WeWe hadhad 2020 daysdays inin allall forfor thethe holiday holiday duringduring whichwhich wewe hadhad thethe mostmost importantimportant ChineseChinese FestivalFestival thethe SpringSpring Festival Festival ItIt tooktook meme nearlynearly a a weekweek toto visitvisit mymy relativesrelatives andand attendattend familyfamily parties parties asas itit isis a a traditionaltraditional customcustom inin China China OfOf course course I I spentspent mostmost ofof thethe timetime doingdoing mymy lessons lessons AsAs youyou know know I I willwill taketake thethe NationalNational ExaminationsExaminations inin JuneJune andand it sit s onlyonly a a fewfew monthsmonths away away EveryEvery dayday I I diddid 6 somesome EnglishEnglish reading reading practicedpracticed writingwriting compositions compositions workedworked outout a a numbernumber ofof sciencescience problemsproblems andand soso on on WhenWhen I I gotgot tired tired I I wouldwould dodo somethingsomething toto relaxrelax myself myself likelike playingplaying basketballbasketball withwith mymy friends friends listeninglistening toto music music surfingsurfing thethe Internet Internet playingplaying games games andand everythingeverything thatthat helpedhelped toto recoverrecover mymy energy energy InIn a a word word I I hadhad a a full full busybusy andand wonderfulwonderful holiday holiday HowHow aboutabout you you I mI m lookinglooking forwardforward toto hearinghearing fromfrom youyou soon soon Yours Yours WangWang PingPing 结束结束 高考英语作文精选范文 看图作文类看图作文类 9 9 根据下列图示以 根据下列图示以 The The NewNew GradingGrading SystemSystem inin OurOur School School 为题为你校英语报写一篇为题为你校英语报写一篇 短文短文 说明这一举措以及你对学校实施这一举措的认识说明这一举措以及你对学校实施这一举措的认识 要求要求 1 1 词数词数 100100 左右左右 已给出部分不包括在内已给出部分不包括在内 生词生词 评分体制评分体制 gradinggrading systemsystem 参与参与 participationparticipation n n teststests classclass participationparticipation notesnotes teamteam workwork homeworkhomework TheThe NewNew gradinggrading systemsystem inin OurOur SchoolSchool InIn orderorder toto helphelp studentsstudents developdevelop theirtheir abilitiesabilities inin allall fields fields ourour schoolschool nownow hashas askedasked thethe teachersteachers toto makemake somesome changeschanges inin thethe gradinggrading system system ThisThis chartchart showsshows howhow itit works works TheThe students students finalfinal scorescore willwill bebe mademade upup ofof 5 5 parts parts AboutAbout 30 30 ofof itit willwill comecome fromfrom theirtheir testtest results results TheThe restrest ofof thethe scorescore isis decideddecided byby thethe performancesperformances ofof thethe studentsstudents inin thethe followingfollowing parts parts 20 20 comescomes fromfrom youryour notes notes andand anotheranother 20 20 isis decideddecided byby howhow youyou dodo youryour homework homework IfIf youyou taketake anan activeactive partpart inin classroomclassroom activities activities youyou cancan getget anotheranother 20 20 ofof thethe score score TeamworkTeamwork inin classclass isis alsoalso important important IfIf youyou wantwant a a higherhigher score score youyou shouldshould bebe goodgood atat workingworking togethertogether withwith youryour classmates classmates InIn mymy opinion opinion ourour schoolschool hashas mademade a a goodgood decision decision ThisThis newnew gradinggrading systemsystem willwill certainlycertainly helphelp toto improveimprove ourselvesourselves onon allall sides sides 结束结束 Smoking which is a widespread habit even among school children 76 The number of young smokers are increasing It is reported that 77 over two fifth of the students in a certain school smoke and 78 some of whom even steal money to buy cigarettes This is terrible 7 79 As we all know smoking is harmful to our health So it s 80 even harmful to middle school students for it does great harm not 81 only to their health but also for their mind Middle school students 82 are future builders of the country They should spend their time 83 learning useful knowledges So it s really time that these young 84 smokers made up their minds give up smoking 85 参考答案 五 76 去掉 which 77 are is 78 two fifth two fifths 79 whom them 80 So But 81 harmful more 82 for to 83 84 knowledges knowledge 85 minds to 结束 6 6 2525 min min 2012 师大附中一模 假设你是李华 下图是你对本校学生兴趣爱好的调查结果 请写 一篇英文报告给学校 说明调查结果 并谈谈你的看法 8 注意 1 文章内容不少于 120 词 2 标题和开头已给出 不计入总词数 3 提示词 饼状图 pie chart 百分比 percentage A A SurveySurvey ofof StudentsStudents Hobbies