2012届高考英语二轮专题复习 主谓一致考点分析

用心 爱心 专心 1 20122012 届高考英语二轮专题复习主谓一致考点分析届高考英语二轮专题复习主谓一致考点分析 主谓一致是高考试题常涉及到的考点 主要围绕名词 代词 数量词以及非谓语动词和 从句作主语时谓语单复数进行考查 使用主谓一致应当遵循语法一致 意义一致和就近一致 的原则等 下面就试题中的常见考点做如下归纳 一 在 名词 代词 介宾结构 谓语 结构中 谓语动词与名词 代词保持一致 介 宾结构看作修饰成分 该结构中的常见介词有 with together with along with as well as like rather than more than but except besides including in addition to 等 高考真题 1 Dr Smith together with his wife and daughters visit Beijing this summer 2009 陕西 A is going to B are going to C was going to D were going to 解析 A 该句主语的中心词是 Dr Smith 所以谓语动词用单数形式 再根据状语 this summer 可知用一般将来时 2 The father as well as his three children skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter 2006 辽宁 A is going B go C goes D are going 解析 C as well as his three children 在句中充当主语的修饰成分 真正主语是 The father 表示单数概念 every Sunday 暗示该句是一般现在时 3 Professor Smith along with his assistants on the project day and night to meet the deadline 2005 上海 A work B working C is working D are working 解析 C 该句真正主语是 Professor Smith 谓语动词与它保持一致用单数 二 当单数可数名词 不可数名词 复合不定代词 单个不定式 疑问词 不定式 动名词 或主语从句 时间 价值 重量 距离 书名 等作主语时 谓语动词常用单数形式 但 what 引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时 谓语动词一般用复数形式 如 What we need are good teachers 我们需要的是好老师 如果强调数目 谓语动词用复数 如 More than twenty years have passed since we graduated 我们毕业后已经过了二十多 年 高考真题 1 The population of Jiangsu to more than twice what it was in 1949 The figure is now approaching 74 million 2009 江苏 A has grown B have grownC grew D are growing 解析 A population 构成短语作主语时谓语用单数形式 但 population 再被分数或百分数 修饰时则谓语动词要用复数形式 2 The teacher together with the students discussing Reading Skills that newly published in America 2009 四川 A are were B is were C are was D is was 解析 D 该句真正主语是 The teacher 与 together with the students 无关 所以第一 空谓语动词用单数形式 第二空 that 引导定语从句作主语指代先行词 Reading Skills 书名 所以谓语也用单数形式 3 A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoor 用心 爱心 专心 2 exercise a week good for one s health 2007 江西 A show are B shows isC show is D shows are 解析 B 第一空主语是单数可数名词 a survey 第二空主语是 three hours 两个谓语均 为单数 4 When and where to go for the on salary holiday yet 2003 上海春季 A are not decided B have not been decided C is not being decided D has not been decided 解析 D 疑问词 动词不定式 作主语时 谓语动词常用单数 三 all a lot plenty part the rest most 等 of 名词作主语以及分数 百分数构成 短语作主语时 谓语动词单复数形式取决于 of 后的名词或从句 表示复数概念用复数动词 表示单数概念用单数动词 高考真题 1 As a result of the serious flood two thirds of the buildings in the area 2007 陕西 A need repairing B needs to repairC needs repairing D need to repair 解析 A 分数构成短语作主语时 谓语动词取决于 of 后的名词或代词 2 Most of what has been said about the Smiths also true of the Johnsons 2006 安徽 A are B is C being D to be 解析 B Most of 构成短语作主语时 谓语取决于 of 后名词或代词 该句 what has been said about the Smiths 指抽象概念 所以谓语用单数 四 a number of an average of a total of 等构成短语作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 而 the number of the average of the total of 等构成短语作主语时 谓语动词用单数 形式 a great large small number of many a few a good great many 可数名词复 数 的结构作主语时 谓语动词常用复数 a little much a great deal of a large amount of 只能修饰不可数名词 其谓语动词用单数形式 如 A great deal of petrol is wasted 高考真题 1 The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities rising steadily since 1990 2009 山东 A is B are C has been D have been 解析 C the number of 构成短语作主语时表示 的数目 谓语动词用单数形式 2 Nowadays a large number of women especially those from the countryside in the clothing industry 2005 辽宁 A is working B works C work D worked 解析 C a number of 构成短语作主语时表示 许多 谓语动词用复数形式 五 one of 名词 作主语时 谓语动词通常用单数形式 但 one of 名词 充当先行词 关系代词作主语 时 定语从句中的谓语动词常用复数形式 而 the only right very one of 名词 关系代词 谓语时 谓语动词用单数 高考真题 1 At present one of the arguments in favor of the new airport that it will bring a lot jobs to the area 2009 江西 用心 爱心 专心 3 A is B are C will be D was 解析 A 该句是 one of 结构充当主语 所以谓语动词用单数形式 2 My father was one of the managers in the office that to attend the meeting last week A was invited B is invited C were invited D are invited 解析 C 该定语从句的先行词是 one of the managers 其中心词是 the managers 所以 定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式 3 He is the only one of the students who a winner of scholarship for three years 2002 上海春 A is B are C have been D has been 解析 D 他是唯一一个已获三年奖学金的学生 定语从句的先行词是 the only one 而不 是 students 该句表示已经完成 故选 D 六 either or neither nor not only but also not but or 等 连接并列主语时 谓语动词要就近选择 高考真题 1 Either you or one of your students to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow 2009 湖南 A are B is C have D be 解析 B 该句主语由 either or 连接 根据就近一致原则 谓语动词与 one of your students 保持一致 而作主语时谓语一般用单数形式 2 Either you or the headmaster the prize to the gifted students at the meeting A is handing in B are to hand out C are handing out D is to hand out 解析 D Either or 连接并列主语 you 和 headmaster 根据就近原则谓语与 headmaster 一致 该句是将来时态 七 pairs of amounts of quantities of 等构成短语作主语时 谓语动词用复数形式 而 a pair of an amount of a series of 构成短语作主语时 谓语动词常用单数形式 a quantity of 构成短语作主语时 谓语由 of 后的名词来定 当 a pair of 作 两个人 一对夫妇 解时 谓语动词常用复数 有时也可用单数 A pair of teenage boys were smoking cigarettes 两个十几岁的男孩正在吸烟 The happy pair is are going to Spain after their wedding 这对愉快的新婚夫妇在婚 礼后将去西班牙 高考真题 1 Why does the lake smell terrible Because large quantities of water 2009 福建 A have polluted B is being polluted C has been polluted D have been polluted 解析 D 该句是 quantities of 构成的短语作主语 所以谓语动词用复数 2 As a result of destroying the forests a large of desert covered the land 2001 上海 A number has B quantity has C number have D quantity have 解析 B 该句首先排除 A C 两项 因为 a number of 后通常接复数名词 该句 desert 是 不可数名词 由于 a quantity of 后面加的是不可数名词 所以谓语动词用单数形式 用心 爱心 专心 4 八 and 连接并列主语表示同一概念时 谓语动词用单数形式 Fish and chips is a popular supper 炸鱼土豆片是一种很受欢迎的晚餐 表示不同概念时谓语动词常用复 数形式 此外 由 each and each every and every many a and many a no and no 等作主语时 谓语动词用单数 如 Every man and every woman is at work 所有男人和女人都在工作 Many a desk and many a bench is to be taken out of the hall 许多课桌和凳子将被 搬出大厅 由 and 连接的两个带冠词单数名词有修饰语 表示复数概念时 谓语动词用复数形式 The tenth and the last chapter were written by his father 高考真题 1 Did you go to the show last night Yeah Every boy and girl in the area invited 2008 陕西 A were B have been C has been D was 解析 D and 连接并列名词并且被 every 等修饰时 谓语动词用单数形式 该句状语是 last night 所以用一般过去时 2 A poet and artist coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon 2006 江苏 A is B are C was D were 解析 A a poet and artist 指这个人既是诗人又是画家 所以谓语动词用单数形式 根据 状语 tomorrow afternoon 可知 A 项正确 九 主谓一致的其它考点 1 cattle police people clothes goods 以及复数可数名词作主语时 谓语动词通常 用复数形式 2 定冠词与形容词或分词连用作主语时 如果指 人 谓语动词常用复数 如果指 物 谓语动词常用单数 但也有少数的形容词或过去分词与定冠词连用指个别或表示抽象的概念 时 谓语动词用单数 如 The injured