黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点 B3M3学案（学生版） 外研版

1 黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点知识点 B3M3B3M3 学案 学生版 学案 学生版 外研版外研版 IntroductionIntroduction 1 1 回归课本 P21 Have you ever experiencedexperienced a flood experienceexperience C 一次 经历 体验 U 经验 阅历 vt 经历 体验 归纳总结 have much teaching working experience 教学 工作经验丰富 by from experience 凭经验 从经验中 得出 in one s experience 据某人的经验看 experience in of 在 方面的经验 experienced adj 有经验的 熟练的 be experienced in 在 方面有经验 例句探源 Children need to experience things for themselves in order to learn from them You will have your choice between hot or cold rooms but you will be well advised to stay at least one night in a cold room for a true experience In my experience these things never last very long He had no experience of managing a farm 即境活用 1 He is as a leader but he doesn t have in teaching A success many experience B a success much experience C success an experience D success a lot of experiences 2 We had pleasant experience when my family were on vacation last summer A B a a C a D a 易混辨析易混辨析 causecause reasonreason excuseexcuse 1 cause 意为 起因 原因 指引起某种结果的必然原 因 即主要事实方面的原因 常和 effect 连用 表示因果 2 reason 意为 理由 原因 指用以解释某些已发生的事情的理由或借口 这种理由可能是真正的理由 也可能不是 强 调逻辑推理方面的理由 3 excuse 指为免受指责和推卸责任而找的 理由 原因 也就 是我们常说的 借口 Too much work is no excuse for absence Heat is the cause of the expansion of matter 热是物体膨胀的原因 The reason for his driving so fast was that he would attend an important meeting 即境活用即境活用 1 According to the recent research heavy coffee drinking and heart attack is not necessarily and effect A reason B impact C fact 2 D cause 2 We do not yet know the of the accident A cause B reason C purpose D excuse ReadingReading 1 1 回归课本 P23 Almost all of them occuroccur in the U S occuroccur vi 发生 出现 想法 念头等 想起 浮现 occurred occurred occurring occurring The accident occurred at five o clock 某人想起某人想起 sth sth occursoccurs toto sbsb A brilliant idea occurred to me ItIt occursoccurs toto sbsb thatthat It suddenly occurred to her that Tom was afraid of being alone 易混辨析易混辨析 occuroccur happenhappen taketake placeplace breakbreak outout 1 occuroccur 属正式用语 它可以指偶然地 发生 也可以指在指定的时间 发生 出现 还可以表示抽象事物 如思想等的 产生 在以具体事物 事件作主语时 可与 happen 互 换 That accident happened occurred yesterday It occurred to me that I could invite her to dinner 2 happenhappen 常用词语 指事物或情况偶然或未能预见地发生 其后接不定式或用在 It happened that 句型中 意为 恰好 碰巧 偶然 I happened to meet her on my way home 3 taketake placeplace 指发生了事先计划或预想到的事情 常做 举行 讲 The meeting took place at 8 00 as planned 4 breakbreak outout 指 战争 火灾等 突然发生 The fire broke out during the night 即境活用即境活用 I along the street looking for a place to park when the accident 安徽高考 A went was occurring B went occurred C was going occurred D was going occurring 2 2 回归课本 P23 Tornadoes can pickpick upup cars trains and even houses and put them down in the next street pickpick upup 卷起 掀起卷起 掀起 2 12 1 看下列句子看下列句子 体会体会 pickpick upup 的用法的用法 收听收听 健康 生意 社交生活等健康 生意 社交生活等 恢复 变好 恢复 变好 好转好转 开车接 某人 开车接 某人 捡起 拾起捡起 拾起 收拾 整理收拾 整理 加加 速速 无意中学会无意中学会 便宜便宜 地买到地买到 1 1 SheShe pickedpicked upup a a stonestone andand threwthrew itit atat thethe window window 2 2 CanCan youyou dodo meme a a favorfavor toto pickpick upup mymy daughterdaughter fromfrom school school 3 3 TheThe traintrain waswas graduallygradually pickingpicking upup speed speed 4 He 4 He pickedpicked upup FrenchFrench veryvery quicklyquickly whenwhen hehe waswas travelingtraveling inin France France 5 5 MyMy radioradio cancan pickpick upup BBCBBC EnglishEnglish andand VOAVOA easily easily 6 6 UnderUnder goodgood treatment treatment LindaLinda isis beginningbeginning toto pickpick upup andand w willill soonsoon recover recover 7 7 TheThe roomroom mustmust bebe pickedpicked upup beforebefore thethe guestsguests arrive arrive 8 He 8 He pickedpicked upup somesome usedused stamps stamps 2 22 2 分析分析 putput downdown 的意义的意义 写下 记下写下 记下 镇压镇压 放下放下 1 1 putput downdown a a rebellionrebellion 2 2 PutPut downdown youyou namename andand address address 3 3 PutPut thosethose heavyheavy bagsbags downdown forfor a a minute minute 3 拓展拓展 put put upup 搭建 举起搭建 举起 putput onon 穿上穿上 putput offoff 推推迟迟 putput outout 熄灭熄灭 putput upup withwith 忍受 容忍忍受 容忍 putput forwardforward 提出提出 即境活用即境活用 1 She Japanese when she was in Japan Now she can speak it freely A picked out B made out C made up D picked up 2 This picture was taken a long time ago I wonder if you can my father A find out B pick out C look out D speak out 3 3 They can destroy houses but leaveleave the furniture inside exactly where it was P23 leaveleave 宾语宾语 宾语补足语宾语补足语 让 使 保持某种状态 宾语后接形容词 分词 不定式 介 词短语 名词或句子等作补足语 Leave the door open and you will breathe fresh air leave object adj Don t leave me waiting outside too long The bad weather left the project half finished Ted s parents went abroad and left him in the care of his grandmother His parents both died last year leaving him an orphan What we ve done leaves much to be desired 即境活用即境活用 1 You d better not leave the medicine kids can get at it A even if B which C where D so that 2 Was the problem solved at the meeting Not yet I m afraid it may lead to more serious ones if unsolved A making B remained C left D taking 4 4 OnOn averageaverage there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year causingcausing aboutabout 8080 deathsdeaths andand 1 5001 500 injuries injuries onon averageaverage 平均 平均起来平均 平均起来 On average there are twenty boys present every day It takes me a week to read a book on average causingcausing aboutabout 8080 deathsdeaths andand 1 5001 500 injuries injuries 是现在分词短语作结果状语 用现在分词 作结果状语时 其逻辑主语与句子主语一致 且现在分词现在分词表示的结果是一种必然的 顺理成必然的 顺理成 章章的结果 而不定式则表示出乎意料的结果不定式则表示出乎意料的结果 European football is played in more than 80 countries making it the most popular sport in the world 80 多个国家都踢欧式足球 这使它成为世界上最流行 的运动 The fire lasted nearly a month leaving nothing valuable He woke up and looked out of the window to find the world outside greatly changed 即境活用即境活用 1 1 2010 年高考江苏卷 The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu the students to return to their classrooms A enabling B having enabled C to enable D to have enabled 2 2009 年高考上海卷 A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city all four people on board A killed B killing C kills D to kill 5 5 Strike struck struck strickenStrike struck struck stricken 打动 给打动 给 印象印象 钟 敲响 钟 敲响 击 打击 打 灾难 疾灾难 疾 4 病病 侵袭 爆发侵袭 爆发 突然想到突然想到 划 火划 火 柴 柴 撞击 碰撞击 碰 罢工罢工 1 1 CharlesCharles CoghlanCoghlan dieddied inin 1899 1899 a a yearyear beforebefore thethe hurricanehurricane struckstruck 2 2 SheShe struckstruck himhim inin thethe face face 3 3 TheThe boatboat struckstruck on on a a rock rock 4 4 TheThe visitorsvisitors areare struckstruck byby thethe beautybeauty ofof thethe Country Country 5 5 A A goodgood ideaidea struckstruck thethe manager manager 6 6 strikestrike thethe matchmatch 7 7 I I waswas aboutabout toto gogo outout whenwhen thethe clockclock struckstruck 8 8 TheThe unionunion hashas votedvoted toto strikestrike forfor a a paypay increaseincrease ofof 6 6 辨析辨析 strike strike hit hit beatbeat strikestrike 指用力地 打击 表示短暂的动作 含有急速的或突然的一次性殴打 打击或敲打 有时与 hit 通用 可以用于比喻意义 表示 袭击 beatbeat 表示有目的地在某物上连续不断地打 可以是轻打 也可以是重打 在游戏 竞赛或 战争中击败对方 阳光 雨点 照射 点打 在 上 还专指心脏跳动 hithit 着重指打中和击中这一结果 强调敲打或击中对方的某一点 6 6 The cemetery where Coghlan was buriedburied was destroyed by the hurricane and Coghlan s coffin endedended upup in the sea L33 P23 burybury vt vt 埋葬 埋藏 用某物覆盖埋葬 埋藏 用某物覆盖 The climbers were buried under a pile of rocks She had learnt to bury her feelings After divorce she buried herself in her work 知识拓展 burybury sth sth under beneathunder beneath 将某物埋在将某物埋在 下面下面 burybury one sone s faceface inin handshands 双手掩面双手掩面 burybury one sone s feelingsfeelings 感情不外露感情不外露 burybury oneselfoneself in in bebe buriedburied inin 埋头于埋头于 专心于 专心于 即境活用即境活用 deep down in the earth the dead forest rotted away and became coal A Be buried B To bury C Being buried D Buried endend upup 以以 结束 结果为结束 结果为 1 We were going to go out but endedended upup watchingwatching videos 2 If you go on like this you ll endend upup inin prison 3 The meeting endedended upup withwith a new song 4 He endedended upup asas the head of the company 5 If he carried on driving like that he ll endedended upup dead dead endend upup withwith 以以 结束 指以某种方式结束 结束 指以某种方式结束 finish finish byby doingdoing oror having having endend upup in in 以以 告终告终 后跟结果且不好结果后跟结果且不好结果 finally finally bebe inin a a particularparticular placeplace oror situation situation fromfrom beginningbeginning toto thethe endend 自始至终 从头到尾自始至终 从头到尾 comecome toto anan endend 到头了 结束了到头了 结束了 putput anan endend toto sth sth 使使 结束结束 bringbring sth sth toto anan endend 使使 结束结束 makemake both both endsends meetmeet 使收支相抵 量入为出使收支相抵 量入为出 Listening Listening 1 1 erupterupt vi vi 火山的火山的 爆发 喷发 突然发生爆发 喷发 突然发生 5 Mount Vesuvius hasn t erupted for a good many years 维苏威火山已有很多年没爆 发了 Laughter erupted from the audience 观众一阵大笑 Violence erupted in the city after the football match 足球赛后城里发生了暴力 事件 知识拓展 eruptioneruption n U C 火山的 爆发 喷发 突发 The eruption of volcano makes many people lose their lives 火山的爆发使许多人 丧失了生命 It resulted in the eruption of the crisis in Asia 那件事促成了亚洲危机的发生 2 previousprevious 先前的 Who was the previous owner of the car 这辆汽车以前的车主是谁 Have you had previous career experience 你过去有过工作经验吗 previousprevious toto 在 之前 to 为介词 His father died two hours previousprevious toto his arrival 他父亲在他到达之前两小时去世了 PreviousPrevious toto leaving for France he studied a lot about the country 他在启程去法国前 对有关法国的事情作了相当多的研究 3 3 warnwarn vt 警告 提醒 告诫 He warned us that the roads were icy 他提醒我们路上结了冰 I warned him of the danger 我提醒他有危险 He had been warned not to talk to anyone 已警告过他不要与任何人交谈 He warned me against crossing the street at that place 他警告我不要在那个地方 过马路 warningwarning n 警告 告诫 Thanks to my mother s warning I didn t get caught in the rain 多亏了妈妈的警 告 我没有挨雨淋 There is a warning on the bottle of the medicine 那药瓶上标有注意事项 高考直击 2010 天津 13 My father warned me going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists A by B on C for D against 即学即用 She gave her child a not to play near the railway line A message B tip C advice D warning The patient was warned oily food after the operation A to eat not B eating not C not to eat D don t to eat 4 possibilitypossibility n 可能 可能性 可能发生的事 常用复数 Is there any possibility of your getting to London this week 本周你有可能去伦 敦吗 What seemed impossible seems a distinct possibility 过去看似不可能的事现在显 然有可能了 6 知识拓展 possiblepossible adj 可能的 I ll do everything possible to help you 我会尽一切可能帮助你 即学即用 is that you grow this flower even in winter A There possible B It possible C It possibility D That possible 5 setset firefire toto 使 着火 set sth on fire Sparks from the fireplace could easily set the curtains on fire Rioters set fire to a whole row of shops 暴乱分子放火烧了一整排商店 知识拓展 catchcatch firefire 着火着火 表示动作表示动作 makemake a a firefire 生火生火 bebe onon firefire 着火着火 表示状态表示状态 playplay withwith firefire 玩火 做危险的事玩火 做危险的事 setset sth sth onon firefire 放火烧放火烧 setset aboutabout 开始做 着手开始做 着手 做做 setset outout 出发 开始出发 开始 setset downdown 放下 记下放下 记下 setset freefree 释放释放 setset offoff 启程 使爆炸启程 使爆炸 setset upup 建立建立 setset backback 使倒退使倒退 setset toto 认真开始做认真开始做 setset forwardforward 出发 出动出发 出动 即学即用 Some youths had to a police car A catch fire B set fire C on fire D setted fire CulturalCultural CornerCorner 1 1 worldwideworldwide 1 adj 遍及全世界的 In a word worldwide economic trends are good 总的来说 世界经济趋势是好的 2 adv 遍及世界各地 全世界 Our products are sold worldwide 我们的产品销往世界各地 知识拓展 world famous adj 世界闻名的 world power n 世界强国 world class adj 国际水平的 world war n 世界大战 翻译句子 这件事已经引起了全世界的关注 答案 The story has attracted worldwide attention 2 2 activeactive adj 活跃的 积极的 He is an active member of the club 他是俱乐部的积极分子 Although she is nearly 80 she is still active 尽管快 80 岁了 她还是很活跃 She is very active in the local business circle 她在当地的商业圈非常活跃 搭配 taketake anan activeactive partpart inin sth sth 积极参与某事 He takes an active part in school life 他积极参与学校活动 bebe activeactive inin doing doing sth sth 积极参加某事 She is active in political activities 她热衷于政治 He was active in organizing student meetings 他积极组织学生集会 3 3 damagedamage un vt损害 危害 do causedo cause damagedamage toto sth sth 危害 损害 The storm caused great damage did a lot of damage 暴风雨带来了许多损失 The accident did a lot of damage to the car 这一事故把汽车损坏得很严重 7 知识拓展 dodo wrongwrong toto sb sb dodo sb sb wrongwrong 冤枉某人冤枉某人 dodo goodgood toto sb sb dodo sb sb goodgood 对某人有好处对某人有好处 dodo a a favorfavor forfor sb sb dodo sb sb a a favorfavor 帮某人一把 给某人以恩惠帮某人一把 给某人以恩惠 词语辨析 damage destroy ruin damage 损坏 意味着损坏后价值或效率降低 一般是部分性的 destroy 指十分彻底的 破坏 常含 不能或很难修复 的意思 ruin 指逐渐地 毁坏 使失去价值 兴致等 I damaged my shoes in football practice today 今天练足球时我把鞋弄坏了 The building was completely destroyed by fire 那座建筑物被火烧得一干二净 The bad weather ruined our trip 天气恶劣 破坏了我们的旅行 即学即用 Though the flood did great to the crops farmers still won a good harvest A hurt B ruin C damage D injury GrammarGrammar I I 过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态 过去完成时的被语态由过去完成时的被语态由 助动词助动词 hadhad beenbeen 过去分词 过去分词 构成 构成 规规 则则 说说 明明例例 句句 表示在过去某一时间或动作表示在过去某一时间或动作 之前已经完成了的被动动作 之前已经完成了的被动动作 该动作发生的时间是该动作发生的时间是 过去过去 的过去的过去 这一过去时间可 这一过去时间可 用用 by by at at beforebefore 等构成等构成 的短语或的短语或 when when after after untiluntil 等引导的从句或通过等引导的从句或通过 上下文来表示 上下文来表示 The The projectproject hadhad beenbeen completedcompleted byby thethe endend ofof 1990 1990 这项工程已于这项工程已于 19901990 年底竣工 年底竣工 The The classroomclassroom hadhad beenbeen cleanedcleaned beforebefore wewe came came 我们来之前 教室已被打扫干净 我们来之前 教室已被打扫干净 The The dogdog hadhad beenbeen torturedtortured afterafter hehe waswas stolenstolen fromfrom hishis owner sowner s yard yard 这只狗自它被从主人的院子里偷走后受尽了虐待 这只狗自它被从主人的院子里偷走后受尽了虐待 表示从过去某一时间开始 表示从过去某一时间开始 延续到过去另一时间的被动延续到过去另一时间的被动 动作 该动作可能还要延续动作 该动作可能还要延续 下去 常和下去 常和 forfor 或或 sincesince 引引 导的表示一段时间的短语或导的表示一段时间的短语或 从句连用 从句连用 TheThe salesale hadhad beenbeen advertisedadvertised forfor severalseveral weeks weeks 这场拍卖会已经做了好几个这场拍卖会已经做了好几个 星期的广告 星期的广告 Much Much workwork hadhad beenbeen donedone sincesince sheshe arrivedarrived here here 自她抵达这里后做了许多工作 自她抵达这里后做了许多工作 用在表示与过去事实相反的用在表示与过去事实相反的 虚拟条件从句中 虚拟条件从句中 IfIf thethe workwork hadhad beenbeen donedone earlier earlier itit hadhad alreadyalready beenbeen finished finished 如果早点做这项工作 现在就已经做完了 如果早点做这项工作 现在就已经做完了 8 用在含有被动形式的间接引用在含有被动形式的间接引 语或宾语从句中 常放在像语或宾语从句中 常放在像 said said told told thought thought wonderedwondered 等过去时动词后面 等过去时动词后面 表示在这些动作之前已经发表示在这些动作之前已经发 生的动作 生的动作 My My classmateclassmate toldtold meme thatthat hehe hadhad beenbeen punishedpunished byby hishis teacher teacher 我同学告诉我他已经受到了老师的惩罚 我同学告诉我他已经受到了老师的惩罚 We We allall thoughtthought hehe hadhad beenbeen killedkilled inin thethe planeplane crash crash 我们都以为他在飞机失事中丧生了 我们都以为他在飞机失事中丧生了 IIII 直接引语和间接引语直接引语和间接引语 DirectDirect speechspeech andand IndirectIndirect SpeechSpeech 1 1 人称代词的变化人称代词的变化 直接引语变间接引语时 人称代词的变化一般规律是 第一人称 第三人称 第二人称 第一人称 第三人称 第三人称 简记为 二一 一三 三留 e g I m thinking of changing my address he said He said that he was thinking of changing his address I 和 he 指同一个人 Xiao Ming asked me Are you going to the park with us Xiao Ming asked me if I was going to the park with them us 与 them 指相同 的人 Xiao Ming 是其中的一员 me 和 you 指同一个人 Mr Li said She will attend the meeting Mr Li said that she would attend the meeting Mr Li 和 she 不是同一个人 但当说话者是第一人称 直接引语中的主语也是第一人称时 不作变化 e g I said to my children I will give you some presents on Christmas Day I told my children I would give them some presents on Christmas Day I 为 同一说话者 2 2 时态的变化时态的变化 直接引语变间接引语时 时态的变化规律是往 过去 相应的时态推移 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成 时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去完成时 过去完成时 e g My father told me He will come back next week My father told me that he would come back the next week She asked me Did you finish your homework She asked me if I had finished my homework 要注意 直接引语属下列情况时 时态不作变化 1 直接引语属真理或客观事实时 e g The teacher said to us Light runs much faster than sound The teacher told us light runs much faster than sound 2 主句谓语动词是现在或将来某个时态 e g The old man often says I joined the Red Army when I was young The old man often says that he joined the Red Army when he was young 3 直接引语带有具体的过去时间状语时 e g The politics teacher said to us The party was founded in 1921 The politics teacher told us that the party was founded in 1921 4 直接引语谓语有情态动词 had better would rather 及 need must ought to 等 9 时 e g He said to me I would rather live in the countryside He told me that he would rather live in the countryside 5 直接引语为虚拟语气谓语时 e g She said I would be happy if I were a bird She said that she would be happy if she were a bird 3 3 句型的变化句型的变化 直接引语变间接引语时 句型要作适当变化 1 变陈述句为由 that 引导的宾语从句 that 常省略 e g I want to improve my English at school said the child The child said that he wanted to improve his English at school 2 2 变一般疑问句为由 if whether 引导的从句 并将疑句语序变为陈述语序 e g Are you sure he will come today Jenny asked Helen Jenny asked Helen if whether she was sure he would come that day 3 变选择疑问句为由 whether or whether or not 引导的从句 e g Is he a director or an actor she asked me She asked me whether he was a director or an actor 4 4 变特殊疑问词开头的问句为原特殊疑问词引导的从句 并将疑句语序变为陈述语序 5 e g When did you come here Tom asked Jim Tom asked Jim when he had gone there 6 变祈使句为不定式短语 作动词 ask tell order beg request advise offer warn 等的宾语补足语 宾语为说话者 的对象 选什么动词 视情况而定 e g The doctor said to the patient Don t eat oily food again The doctor advised the patient not to eat oily food again 7 变感叹句为 how 或 what 引出的从句 也可用 that 引出从句 e g How clever a boy he is the teacher said to the mother The teacher told the mother how clever a boy he was 或 The teacher told the mother that he was clever boy 8 直接引语是多个句子时 按其句型特点 用上面的方法分别处理 并用 and 连接 e g Mrs Smith said I don t know the way to the station How can I get there Mrs Smith said that she didn t know the way to the station and asked me how she could get there 4 4 其他词语的变化其他词语的变化 直接引语间接引语 this thesethat those herethere nowthen today tonightthat day that night this eveningthat evening last weekthe week before 10 tomorrowthe next following day yesterdaythe day before next week month yearthe next week month year agobefore comego e g She said I will come here again tomorrow She said that she would go there again the next day 但要注意 如果在当时转述别人话 不必要改变时间状语 在原地转述别人的话 也不 必改变地点状语 同样 come 也不一定要改为 go e g John said just now I came here yesterday John said just now that he came here yesterday 练习一