高考英语一轮复习 Unit19—Unit20知识要点聚焦

用心 爱心 专心1 UnitUnit 1919 UnitUnit 2020 知识要点聚焦知识要点聚焦 1 1 重点词汇 重点词汇 单词 merchant crown deny mercy enemy responsible weakness judgement gentleman greeting envy troublesome accuse fortune merciful bargain bless legal deed surgeon requirement declare court justice therefore worthy punishment punish kindness order sword complex decoration pin clothing dozen tend approximately average statue remote distant quantity accompany vast square 短语 短语 pay back have mercy on go about as far as I know after all tear up at the mercy of go down on one s knees tend to in terms of in the eyes of lend a hand serve as dig up 2 2 重点句型 重点句型 The Duke asked Shylock to be reasonable Bssanio asked if all men killed the things they did not love It is certain that the man in the grave spent his youth in central Europe It has been proved that the copper knives came from Spain and western France 3 3 交际用语 交际用语 Correct me if I m wrong but One of the most important facts is You could for example As far as I know I wonder what who That may be difficult to find out 重点考点精释重点考点精释 1 1 mercymercy n n 怜悯 仁慈 怜悯 仁慈 have mercy on sb show mercy to sb 宽恕某人 without mercy 毫不怜悯地 无情地 at the mercy of 任凭 的摆布 May God have mercy on their souls They showed mercy to the defeated enemy The judge threw him into prison without mercy Nature used to have us at its mercy 2 2 go getgo get downdown onon one sone s kneesknees 跪下 屈膝跪下 屈膝 Never go down on one s knees before enemy He got down on his knees and begged for mercy 3 3 cutcut offoff 割 切 停止割 切 停止 Be careful not to cut your fingers off He cut off some branches from the tree They cut off all medical supplies to for that area 用心 爱心 专心2 4 4 envyenvy n n vt vt 羡慕 嫉妒羡慕 嫉妒 envy n envy n n My success excited his envy John envied his friend s success I envy you your good fortune 5 5 leaveleave vt vt 使处于某种状态使处于某种状态 leave n adj leave n doing leave n done leave n as 从句 Yon d better leave all the windows open Did you leave the doors and windows locked I m sorry to have left you waiting outside in the rain Don t touch my writing table Leave it as it is 辨析辨析 leave forgetleave forget leave 忽略做某事 忘记带某一物品 forget 遗忘某事在头脑中原本留存的概念或印象 表示记忆的缺失 The child left his toy car in the park I forget his name Did you forget that I was coming 6 6 tendtend vtvt 倾向于 趋向 倾向于 趋向 tend to do 倾向做某事 tend to towards 趋于 The local people tend to be unfriendly to strangers I tend to go to bed earlier during the winter The sort of music he listens to varies but tends to popular music He tends towards extreme views 7 7 allowallow 短语短语 Allow for 考虑到 体谅 allow of 允许 You should always allow for the possibility that it might rain He often makes mistakes but we must allow for his youth and inexperience Such conduct allows of no excuse The matter allows of no further explanation 8 8 remoteremote adjadj 遥远的 偏僻的 遥远的 偏僻的 They came to Peking from the remotest parts of our country They found a lot of cultural relics of remote ages in my village It is remote visage in the nulls 9 9 havehave 短语短语 China has a population of 1 3 billion and a history of thousands of years The city has a population of 1 5 million and an area of 105 square Have a history of 有 的历史 Have a population of 有 人口 Have an area of 有 面积 用心 爱心 专心3 kilometers 1010 accompanyaccompany vtvt 陪伴 陪同 伴奏 伴唱 陪伴 陪同 伴奏 伴唱 They may swim provided that an adult accompanies them He offered to accompany a foreign visitor to the airport She would accompany him wherever her husband went Teachers tend to accompany their speech with gestures Who will accompany me on the violin The pianist accompanied her singing 11 11 nownow thatthat 既然既然 Now that you are here let s have a discussion over the question Now that you ve come you may as well stay Now that you are reading the article let s stop discussion for a while Now that seeing that in that 高考样题例释高考样题例释 1 2004 年广东 The great success of this program has been due to the support given by the local businessmen A rather B very C quickly D largely 解析 答案为 D largely due to 表示 主要因为 注意副词与不同形容词的固定搭 配 2 2003 年北京 I m sorry I stepped outside for a smoke I was very tired There is no for this while you are on duty A reason B excuse C cause D explanation 解析 答案为 B reason 原因 理由 excuse 借口 cause 起 因 原因 explanation 解释 根据语境可知 B 为最佳答案 3 2000 年上海 It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to A reward B prizes C awards D results 解析 答案为 A reward 指因为做出了努力得到的 报偿 prize 指竞赛或抽彩 中 奖品 或 奖赏 award 指因为竞赛获胜或工作成绩卓著而获得的 奖赏 或 荣誉 result 结果 句意 人们普遍认为 婴儿之所以学会做事是因为某些行为会得 到赞赏 单选高考模拟单选高考模拟 1 It is reported that Americans eat much protein 蛋白质 every day They eat as they actually need A twice as much B as twice much C much as twice D as much twice 2 Well it s a long story Please be patient Excuse me if your call s not too urgent 紧急的 do you mind mine first A I make B if I make 用心 爱心 专心4 C me to make D that I make 3 After a few rounds of talks both sides regarded the territory dispute 领土 争端 A being settled B to be settled C had settled D as settled 4 I shouldn t have left the key to a stranger That s A what he is B where you are wrong C what you ve done D because you re wrong 5 If you can make the teacher teaches you will make rapid progress A all yourself B all that your C what yours D all that you 6 He is to have been very busy at that time A told B mentioned C pretended D said 7 As we all know several primary schools and factories were renamed him A from B at C after D to 8 His rude manners have made him friends A some B few C several D many 9 Profits went up by 4 last year and this year A have not decreased B were not decreased C had not decreased D didn t decrease 10 I don t feel very well I think I m with the flu A going up B coming down C dropping in D getting in touch 全真模拟训练全真模拟训练 一 单项填空一 单项填空 1 The meeting over people found these boys at the desks and to music A was seating listening B being seated listening C was seated listened D being seating listening 2 How I his speedy recovery A hoped B hoped for C hoped to D hoped with 3 Can you work out the maths problem I m completely A at the sea B by sea C no sea D at sea 4 The old man her sons and daughters and see her from time to time A suggested to come B hoped to come 用心 爱心 专心5 C desired coming D desired to come 5 The machine highly valuable in heart surgery A was proved B has been proved C proved D proven 6 that we had no time to escape A Sudden the attack was B The attack was sudden C Was the attack so sudden D So sudden was the attack 7 The young man wanted some more bread but there was left A nothing B nobody C on one D none 8 Will 1000 yuan the cost of a cellphone A meet B cover C content D demand 9 It isn t quite whether our football team wilt win the game A sure B surely C certain D certainly 10 the rain the crops are growing for the better A Thanking to B Thanks for C Thanking for D Thanks to 11 He thought of everything money A in terms for B in terms with C in terms of D in the term of 12 Since 1929 more than 1 000 relics between 5 000 BC and 3 000 BC have been discovered A dates back to B dated back to C dating back to D dates from 13 He has made a wonderful discovery of great importance to science A which I think is B which do I think C I think which is D which I think it is 14 I know the two sides have reached an agreement A As far as B As long as C As soon as D As well as 15 This sentence can an example A serve as B serve C be served as D be served 二 完形填空二 完形填空 Washington There are more than 222 million TVs in American homes And it would 1 Frank Vespe the Ahead of the TV Turnoff Network very happy this week if every 2 one was turned off For TV Turnoff Week American kids are encouraged to 3 for one week without watching TV This year it 4 from April 23 一 29 Our real 5 here is to see what life is like without TV and then make watching TV a conscious 6 said Vespe Sarah one kid of 9 in Virginia 7 it won t be too hard to give up 用心 爱心 专心6 TV She s 8 to watch only educational television and her favorite 9 from last year isn t on any more 10 there are plenty of good things about TV programs can be entertaining 11 educational Even so some experts aren t sure TV Turnoff Week is 12 Too much TV is not good A little 13 of TV for young kids is good because it adds to their vocabulary The 14 line is moderation 适中 says Susan Neuman an educator who studies kids and reading Neuman says the 15 problem is that parents don t keep track of what their kids are watching They don t 16 limits on TV viewing Also in some families TV might be the only thing 17 is to do What message does Sarah have for other kids It s a good idea I survived a whole week without TV It 18 teaches you to enjoy time doing different things and not being 19 into something on TV because you don t want TV 20 all of your time Sarah said 1 A take B make C have D let 2 A last B first C past D half 3 A use B pay C go D pass 4 A dates B stops C starts D runs 5 A message B information C title D belief 6 A plan B suggestion C report D decision 7 A hopes B realizes C admits D advises 8 A said B ordered C allowed D forced 9 A advertisement B show C photo D films 10 A So far B As usual C For example D Of course 11 A further B still C even D ever 12 A the problem B the answer C the result D an answer 13 A bit B piece C unit D number 14 A bottom B top C upper D middle 15 A true B real 用心 爱心 专心7 C possible D final 16 A put B place C lay D set 17 A it B here C there D that 18 A already B either C also D too 19 A trapped B put C controlled D sucked 20 A taking up B making up C putting up D picking up 三 阅读理解三 阅读理解 A A In Britain just after the main television news programmes audience figures rise It s weather forecast time The BBC broadcasts forty four live forecasts a day 433 hours of weather a year suing forecasters from the Meteorological Office 气象局 The Met Office foretells about the weather seven days in advance These are based on observations 观测 from the ground from satellites and from radar The observations are stored in a computer that can do up to 4 000 million calculations a second In Britain the weather is news A television weather forecast often begins with an interesting fact the town with the top temperature of the day or the place with the most rain The public like that kind of information says senior forecaster Bill Giles The BBC forecasters are professional meteorologists but they do not have an easy job They are the only presenters on television who do not have a written text to refer to and they cannot see the map that they are describing Viewers are often critical A 91 的 eapecially of female presenters One woman left her job after rude letters and newspaper reports about her clothes The British talk about the weather more than almost any other subject so it is a surprise to discover that severity percent of television viewers cannot remember what they saw on the weather forecasts What happens is that people like watching and hearing the forecasts but they probably only take real notice when they need to when they re going on holiday or wondering what the weather will be like for the tennis at Wimbledon says one forecaster Or of course when we make mistakes 1 In Britain television weather forecasts A are more popular than news programmes B are recorded in advance C are broadcast twice a day D are clearly remembered by most viewers 2 BBC forecasters feel their job difficult A because they have little knowledge of weather B because they have to speak from memory 用心 爱心 专心8 C because viewers do not like them D because they have to begin forecasts with interesting stories 3 According to the passage forecasts depend on A viewers B large computers C BBC D observations B News has just been received of an air crash in the north of England The plane which was on a charter 包租的 flight from London to Carlisle was carrying a party of businessmen on their way to a trade fair It seems likely that the plane ran into a heavy fog as it was getting close to Carlisle and was forced to circle for some twenty minutes Everything seemed to be going well The pilot was in constant radio communication with Control when the engines suddenly cut out and all contact was lost The plane crashed on the site of the ancient Roman camp at Hadrian s Hill a place well known to archaeologists 考古学家 and tourists So far few details have been reported but it is feared that at least twenty people lost their lives among whom was the pilot who was killed instantly The local ambulance and firemen were on the scene within minutes of the crash but additional help had to be rushed from other areas Mr Lesilie Collins one of the survivors told our reporter We passengers noticed the engines were making a funny noise Of course we couldn t see anything because of the fog but the pilot said there was nothing to worry about The next thing we know the engines went dead There was a rushing noise and a kind of flash and after that I don t remember any more Mr Collins is now in hospital being treated for minor injuries We will be bringing you further news of the crash as we receive it In the meantime relatives are asked to ring 023457211 for information 4 The plane that crashed was A returning from a trade fair B on a regular flight to Carlisle C flying some businessmen to London D not on a regular flight 5 When the plane neared Carlisle it because of the heavy fog A didn t get any instruction to land B was unable to hear Ground Control C had to wait for further instructions to land D was forced to turn back 6 The news report tells us that when the crash occurred A the local help immediately came to the rescue B all the passengers and the pilot were killed C additional help was unnecessary D help was long delayed 7 From what Mr Collins said it appears that he 用心 爱心 专心9 A remembered everything that happened B had only an incomplete picture of what happened C remembered speaking to the pilot D heard and saw nothing at all C Business is war The traditional language of business certainly makes it sound that way winning the competition getting market share beating up suppliers locking up customers There are the victors and the losers But today in doing business you have to listen to customers work with suppliers keep good relations even with competitors That doesn t sound dike war Besides there are few victors when business is looked upon as war Most businesses succeed only if others also succeed Business is competition and cooperation as well In other words business is war and peace To bring together competition and cooperation we turn to game theory Game theory provides that whether one person wins or loses depends on what other people do It is particularly effective when there are many interdependent 相互依存的 factors and no decision can be made in isolation 孤立 from other decisions Game theory breaks down the game into key elements 要素 players added values rules tactics 计谋 and scope PARTS Every element affects the result of the game This means that each of the five elements gives you a way to change an existing game into entirely new one Change one of the PARTS and you change the whole Why change the game An old Chinese saying explains If you continue on the course you re heading that s where you ll end up Sometimes that s good sometimes not You can play the game very well and still suffer great loss That s because you re playing the wrong game you need to change it Even a good game can be made into a better one Real success comes from actively shaping the game you play from making the game you want not taking the game you find 8 The author of this passage is the idea that Business is war A in favor of B against C considering D doubtful of 9 PARTS stands for A Players added values rules tactics and scope B all of the elements in the game theory C the parties in a game D the parts that affect the result of the game 10 The correct understanding of the underlined sentence in the last paragraph is A you are really good at playing the game but you still lose it out B you are so competitive that you beat up all of your competitors terribly C you play the game too well to suffer great loss D the competition is so hard that you have to put all your heart into it 用心 爱心 专心10 11 The author emphasizes that A we shall play very hard B we shall continue in the course we are heading C we shall play in the right direction D we shall always change no matter the change is good or not D Many scientists today are convinced that life exists else where in the universe probably much like that on our own planet They reason in the following way As far as astronomers can determine the entire universe is built of the same matter They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe Therefore it is reasonable to guess that other stars with their own planets were born in the same way as our own solar system What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist Life requires the right amount and kind of atmosphere This eliminates 排 除 all those planets in the universe that rare not about the same size and weight as the earth As smaller planet would lose its atmosphere A larger one would hold too much of it Life also requires a steady supply of heat and light This eliminates double stars or stars that flare up suddenly Only single stars that are steady sources of heat and light like our sun would qualify Finally life could evolve only if the planet is just the right distance from its sun With a weaker sun than our own the planet would have to be closer to it With a stronger sun it would have to be farther away If we suppose that every star in the universe has a family of planets then how many planets might support life First eliminate those stars that are not like our sun Next eliminate most of their planets they are either too far from or too close to their suns Then eliminate all those planets which are not the same size and weight as the earth Finally remember that the proper conditions do not necessarily mean that life actually does exist