英语科高一定语从句复习.ppt

Hello Everyone Welcometoourclass Teacher Qinxuejuan theredthegreenthesmallthebig Theapplewhich thatissmallisred Theapplewhich thatisbigisgreen Theapplewhich thatisredissmall Theapplewhich thatisgreenisbig thehandsomethelovelythestrongtheclever aboy TheboyisTom Theboywho thatishandsomeisTom Theboywho thatislovelyisTom Theboywho thatisstrongisTom Theboywho thatiscleverisTom Agame What sthena meofthestudent Thestudentwho whomyoutoldmeis 一 定语从句的定义 用来修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 定语从句一般是由关系代词或关系副词来引导的 定语从句 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 引导词 关系代词 关系副词 that which who whom whose as when where why who who whom that which whose when where why Aplaneisamachinethat whichcanfly Heistheman that who whom Itoldyouabout 注意 介词提前时只能用which而不能用that fromthat fromwhich 关系代词which和that的区别 A 关系代词必须用that的情形 1 当先行词被形容词的最高级所修饰ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen 2 当先行词被序数词修饰ThefirstcarthatarrivedatthedestinationwasdrivenbyJohn 3 当先行词被theonly thevery等修饰ThisistheonlyticketthatIgotyesterday ThisistheverybookthatI mlookingfor 指物 4 当先行词为不定代词时或被不定代词修饰时IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou Allthatyouhavetodoistopressthebutton Thereisnotimethatwecanwaste 5 当先行词既指人又指物时Thecaranditsdriverthatknockeddowntheoldladyhavebeentakentothepolicestation B 指物时 作介词的宾语 关系代词只能用whichThisisthequestionaboutwhichwe vehadsomuchdiscussion anything everything nothing few all none little some等代词时 或者是由every any all some no little few much等修饰时 当先行词含one ones any anyone all this that these those等且指人时 多用who whom如 Allwhocameheremustwait Anymanwhohasasenseofdutywon tdosuchathing 指人 关系代词放在介词后面 只能用which或whoma Thisistheboywithwhomheworked b Thisistheboywhomheworkedwith c Thisistheboywhoheworkedwith d Thisistheboyheworkedwith e Thehousewhereweliveisnotlarge f Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge g Thehousewhichweliveinisnotlarge h Thehouseweliveinisnotlarge 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 2 先行词被all every no some any little much等修饰时 3 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时 5 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换 但在下列情况下 一般用that而不用which that that that 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 that 关系副词when where why的用法 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词 which 在从句中作状语When in at on which Where in at on which Why for which 比较填空 1 Istillrememberthedaywespentintheforest IstillrememberthedayIfirstcametoBeijing 2 Thefactory wewillvisitislarge Thefactoryhisfatherworksislarge 3 Iwon tbelievethereasonhetoldme Iwon tbelievethereasonhedidn tattendschoolyesterday that which when that which where that which why onwhich inwhich forwhich 总结 当先行词是时间 地点 原因的时候 不要盲目地就选填when where why 一定要先看一下先行词在从句中作何成分 如果不作状语 此时把先行词看作物 再分析其在句子中的成分 从而选填适当的关系词 只有当它们在句子中作状语的时候 才能填when where why 或者填 介词 关系代词 1 I llneverforgetthedaysweworkedtogether 2 Iwenttotheplace Ivisitedtenyearsago 3 Thisisthereasonhewaslate when which that why inwhich forwhich Doyoulikethebookshelearnedalot Hebuiltatelescopehecouldstudytheskies Thereisatree standsourteacher I llneverforgetthedaysweworkonthefarm I llneverforgetthedayweworkonthefarm where where where when when fromwhich throughwhich underwhich inwhich onwhich 关系副词的用法小结 when where why 表示地点 在从句中作地点状语at in on which 表示原因 在从句中作原因状语for which 表示时间 在从句中作时间状语at in on which Thisisthebook whichIspent5yuan Thisisthebook whichIpaid5yuan Thisisthebook whichwecanlearnalot Thisisthebook whichweoftentalk Thisisthebook whichIwrotedownmanynotes on for from about in 注意1 关系代词和关系副词在定从中的不同成分a Thisistheplacewhereheworks Thisistheplacewhich that wevisitedlastyear b Thatwasthetimewhenhearrived Doyoustillrememberthedaysthat which wespenttogether c Thisisthereasonwhyhewent Thereasonthat which hegaveuswasquitereasonable 注意 如果定语从句中的谓语动词为含有介词的短语动词 一般不能拆开 介词要留在短语动词的后面 如 takecareof lookafter lookfor payattentionto等 Theboywho whom thatthenurseislookingafterisveryhealthy Theboyafterwhomthenurseislookingisveryhealthy Theproblemtowhichyoushouldpayattentionisveryimportant Theproblem which that youshouldpayattentiontoisveryimportant 表所属关系及整体中的一部分或全部时 用介词of 1 Thereare100teachersinourschool 60 60 arewomenteachers 2 Hehasthreechildren twothirds two workasteachers 3 Thattablehasfourlegs all areveryshort 总结 介词后只能跟或 不能跟其他任何一个关系词 ofwhom ofwhom ofwhich which whom 先行词不是人 先行词是人 总结 whose 名词 the 名词 ofwhich whom ofwhich whom the 名词Iknowtheboywhosefatheristhebestdoctorinthehospital Iknowtheboythefatherofwhomisthebestdoctorinthehospital Iknowtheboyofwhomthefatheristhebestdoctorinthehospital Helivesinabighousewhosedoorisred Helivesinabighouseisred Helivesinabighouseisred Hehasabook isblue WhichofthefollowingsisNOTtrue A thecoverofwhichB ofwhichcoverC andthecoverofitD whosecover thedoorofwhich ofwhichthedoor as引导定语从句 多与such和thesame连用 在从句中作主语或宾语 1 Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays 2 Let sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcerneveryoneofus 3 Wouldyoupleasebuymethesamenovelasyouboughtforbrotheryesterday Mum 4 Asweallknow Johnisanhonestman as可用作关系代词或关系副词 在所引导的限制性定语从句中 既可作主语 宾语 表语 又可作状语 as常用于thesame as such as as as和so as结构中 as引导的定语从句常采用省略形式 如 Letchildrenreadsuchbooksaswillmakethembetterandwiser 让孩子们读使他们变得更好更聪明的书 主 Takeasmanyasyouwant 你想要多少就拿多少 宾 Ihaveneverseensolazyamanasyou are 我从来没有见过像你这样懒的人 表 PleasedoitinthesamewayasIdid 请照我的样子去做 状 as引导的限制性定语从句 注 thesame 后既可以用that也可以用as来引导定语从句 如 1 ThisisthesamepenthatIlostyesterday 2 ThisisthesamepenasIlostyesterday Thispenismine Ilostityesterday ThispenisverymuchlikeminethatIlostyesterday Infact itisn tmine that 同一的 即指同一个事物 而as引导定语从句时 相似的 即指同一类事物 这和我丢失的那只表一样 同一类 不是同一只 ThisisthesamewatchIlost 这就是我丢失的那只表 同一只 ThisisthesamewatchIlost as that 区分定语从句和结果状语从句Thisissuchaninterestingbook we