ubuntu12.04安装ns.doc

Ubuntu装ns2.351、下载ns2.3.5ns2.3.5 下载地址：/detail/sxsj333/6257231官方下载地址：/nsnam/ns/ns-build.html2、通过虚拟机（Vmware等）或直接安装双系统Ubuntu12.04就不赘述了3、解压ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz假设将解压文件ns-allinone-2.35放在Home目录下。cdns-allinone-2.35然后先安装好依赖包 以免后面报错。sudo apt-get install libx11-devsudo apt-get install libXt-devsudo apt-get install g+安装好后，开始安装，输入./install耐心等待安装过程。安装完成后，cd ns2.35./validate4、配置环境变量gedit /.bashrcplain view plaincopyprint?1. exportNS_HOME=/Home/ns-allinone-2.352. exportPATH=$NS_HOME/nam-1.15:$NS_HOME/tcl8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/tk8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/bin:$PATH3. exportLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$NS_HOME/tcl8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/tk8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/otcl-1.14:$NS_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH4. exportTCL_LIBRARY=$NS_HOME/tcl8.5.10/libraryexport NS_HOME=/Home/ns-allinone-2.35export PATH=$NS_HOME/nam-1.15:$NS_HOME/tcl8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/tk8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/bin:$PATHexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$NS_HOME/tcl8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/tk8.5.10/unix:$NS_HOME/otcl-1.14:$NS_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport TCL_LIBRARY=$NS_HOME/tcl8.5.10/library5、最后验证ns。在控制台输入ns%显示安装成功。6、运行例子时，第一次有时有提示错误，一般会有提示，提示安装nam或者ns2，按照要求装好就可以了。sudo apt-get install namsudo apt-get install ns2如果报错可以先使用sudo apt-get update/Ubuntu 12.04安装ns-2.34环境：一、下载ns-allinone-2.34。原版本下载：点此下载。二、安装X Windows的开发包和g+编译器在终端输入如下命令：如果还是没有成功安装的话，可以先安装这些软件包。sudo apt-get install build-essentialsudo apt-get install tcl8.4 tcl8.4-dev tk8.4 tk8.4-devsudo apt-get install libxmu-dev libxmu-headerssudo apt-get install xorg-dev g+xgraphsudo apt-get install g+-4.4三、修改otcl的configure文件然后解压ns-allinone-2.34.tar.gz，放到你指定的目录。检查你的gcc版本，如果gcc版本大于4.0（大部分人的都是，建议直接改），要在执行./install之前作出一些修改。gcc4.0版本以前是用ld-share来生成共享库的，但是到了4.0以上的版本，这个命令改为了gcc-share。修改命令如下：cdns-allinone-2.34/otcl-1.13sudogedit configure.in 把77行处的 SHLIB_LD=ld-shared改为SHLIB_LD=gcc-shared保存退出，然后sudogedit configure 把6304行(Ctrl+i跳到6304行)的SHLIB_LD=ld-shared 改为 SHLIB_LD=gcc-shared 保存退出，然后在终端中cd 到ns-allinone-2.34目录下，然后输入 ./install ,进行安装laycherubuntu:/ns-allinone-2.34$ ./instal四、出现问题补充=错误一：安装NS2.34过程中出现如下的错误：tools/ranvar.cc: In member function virtual doubleGammaRandomVariable:value():tools/ranvar.cc:219:70: error: cannot call constructorGammaRandomVariable:GammaRandomVariable directlytools/ranvar.cc:219:70:error:for a function-stylecast, remove the redundant :GammaRandomVariablemake: * tools/ranvar.o错误1Ns make failed!See /nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems 这是由于gcc版本提高后对类内部函数调用的简化造成的不兼容，解决方法如下：在ns-allinone-2.34/ns-2.34/tools文件夹下，找到报错提示中的ranvar.cc文件，打开找到对应的219行删除:GaammaRandomVariable，保存，即：将219行的return GammaRandomVariable:GammaRandomVariable(1.0 + alpha_,beta_).value() * pow (u, 1.0 / alpha_);改为：return GammaRandomVariable(1.0 + alpha_, beta_).value() * pow(u, 1.0 / alpha_);然后保存退出，重新安装ns2.=错误二：In fileincluded from mac/mac-802_11Ext.cc:66:0:mac/mac-802_11Ext.h: In member functionu_int32_t PHY_MIBExt:getHdrLen11():mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:19: error: expectedprimary-expression before structmac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:41: error: dh_body wasnot declared in this scopemac/mac-802_11Ext.h:175:51: error: offsetof wasnot declared in this scopemac/mac-802_11Ext.h:177:3: warning: controlreaches end of non-void function -Wreturn-typemake: *mac/mac-802_11Ext.o Error 1Ns makefailed!下面是网上找得关于本问题的解决方案：If you get error like:mac/mac-802_11Ext.h: In member function u_int32_tPHY_MIBExt:getHdrLen11():mac/mac-802_11Ext.h:176:19: error: expected primary-expressionbefore structmac/mac-802_11Ext.h:176:41: error: dh_body was not declared inthis scopemac/mac-802_11Ext.h:176:51: error: offsetof was not declared inthis scopeopen that file and add#include to the header files.在ns-allinone-2.34ns-2.34macmac-802_11Ext.h文件添加#include然后重新安装，就OK了。=错误三：mobile/nakagami.cc: In member function virtual doubleNakagami:Pr(PacketStamp*, PacketStamp*, WirelessPhy*):mobile/nakagami.cc:183:73: error: cannot call constructorErlangRandomVariable:ErlangRandomVariable directlymobile/nakagami.cc:183:73:error:for a function-stylecast, remove the redundant :ErlangRandomVariablemobile/nakagami.cc:185:67: error: cannot call constructorGammaRandomVariable:GammaRandomVariable directlymobile/nakagami.cc:185:67:error:for a function-stylecast, remove the redundant :GammaRandomVariablemake: * mobile/nakagami.o错误1Ns make failed!See /nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html forproblems解决方法：在ns-allinone-2.34/ ns-2.34/mobile文件夹下，找到报错提示中的nakagami.cc文件，打开找到对应的183行删除:ErlangRandomVariable，保存，即：将183行的resultPower = ErlangRandomVariable:ErlangRandomVariable(Pr/m,int_m).value();改为：resultPower = ErlangRandomVariable(Pr/m, int_m).value();在ns-allinone-2.34/ ns-2.34/mobile文件夹下，找到报错提示中的nakagami.cc文件，打开找到对应的185行删除:GammaRandomVariable，保存，即：将185行的resultPower = GammaRandomVariable:GammaRandomVariable(m,Pr/m).value();改为：resultPower = GammaRandomVariable(m, Pr/m).value();重新在ns目录下键入$./install安装，再次出现同类问题时，仿照此次解决方法，找到对应的文件和行数，修改即可。直到安装成功。=五、设置全局路径变量。安装成功后，会出现如下图所示的文字，该部分提示你必须设置三个全局变量PATH、LD_LIBRARY_PATH、TCL_LIBRARY。laycherubuntu:/ns-allinone-2.34$ cd （回到home目录下）laycherubuntu:$ vim .bashrc （用vim编辑器编辑文件.bashrc，如果没有vim，可以用gedit或者vi）在该文件的最后一行下插入如下字段。export PATH=$PATH:/ns-allinone-2.34/bin:/home/laycher/ns-allinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/unix:/home/laycher/ns-allinone-2.34/tk8.4.18/unixexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/home/laycher/ns-allinone-2.34/otcl-1.13:/home/laycher/ns-allinone-2.34/libexport TCL_LIBRARY=$TCL_LIBRARY:/home/laycher/ns-alllinone-2.34/tcl8.4.18/library每一句export为一行，共三行，export和PATH之间有一个空格，后面部分不要用任何字符隔开。每个路径用“：”隔开。“”相当于/home/laycher。上面的laycher用户名改为自己的。如果安装ns低版本的，请自行修改相应的版本号。六、验证(测试) (1)打开一个新的终端 (2)输入ns并回车 $ns (如果正常,会出现%操作提示符，如果显示还没有安装ns2，可以先安装nam，再测试ns) (3)输入一段测试用的Tcl脚本代码进行测试 %puts Hello World (输出Hello World字符串) Hello World (如果正确,会显示Hello World) % (然后跳到下一个%提示符等待下一条指令输入)=安装nam cd ns-allinone-2.34/nam-1.14 ./configure make sudo make install (至此,nam安装好)在终端中输入nam命令，弹出nam界面则说明nam安装好了到此ns2终于安装好！%安装过程：首先介绍下软件安装的环境概况，这点很重要，通过我的安装发现，好多安装过程中的错误，很多情况并不是因为方法的问题，而是因为安装环境跟文章介绍地有区别，导致gcc/g+等编译器的版本不用而出现这样那样的编译错误，导致最终的安装不成功，从而花费很多时间去找解决方法！后来我又再别的机器上安装过一遍，时间只花了30分钟(要知道原来用了7天的时间)。* 系统安装环境 操作系统：Ubuntu 9.04gcc版本：3.4.6 (Ubuntu 3.4.6-8ubuntu2) g+版本：4.0.3 (Ubuntu 4.0.3-1ubuntu5)NS2版本：ns-allinone-2.29 *相应软件下载地址：Ubuntu9.04：官方网站： 各大校园BT：晨光/ 六维/ns-allinone-2.29：/nsnam/dist/找到ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz（65MB）下载*安装步骤：1.安装gcc-3.4 or gcc-4.0 (maybe your will update your sources.list)$sudo apt-getgcc-3.4然后就等着它地安装；如果提示说找不到此软件，说明你的源里面没有此版本的软件，这就需要你去更新源文件sources.list，方法如下： (1)备份原始sources.list$sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup (2)更新sources.list$sudo apt-getupdate 耐心等待几分钟 (3)等你更新完sources.list后，安装一些软件时，可能回碰到如下错误：Reading package lists. Error! E: Dynamic MMap ranoutof room. Please increase the size of APT:Cache-Limit. Current value: 25165824. (man 5 apt.conf)|E: Error occurredwhileprocessing epic4-help (NewFileDesc2) E: Problem with MergeList /var/lib/apt/lists/_ubuntu_dists_jaunty_universe_binary-i386_Packages E: The package lists or status file could not be parsed or opened. 这说明需要用来储存信息的cache空间不够大，所以我们需要将它设置的大一些，比如33MB。设置方法如下：$cd /etc/apt/apt.conf.d $sudo gedit user0 在打开地user0文件里输入以下信息（里面的数字可以再大些，如果还是出现上述问题）：APT:Cache-Limit33554432; 然后再re-install$./install2.安装几个库文件：(1)安裝gcc,make相关库文件$sudo apt-getinstall build-essential(2)安裝tk,tcl相关库文件$sudo apt-getinstall tcl8.4$sudo apt-getinstall tcl8.4-dev$sudo apt-getinstall tk8.4$sudo apt-getinstall tk8.4-dev(3)安裝nam相关库文件$sudo apt-getinstall libxmu-dev3.ns2.29的安装 安装ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz，注意此压缩包中的文件有错，安装之前修改ns-allinone-2.29nam-1.11agent.h文件第73行NULL为0，否则会出现“找不到NAM命令”的错误信息。$tar -xzvf ns-allinone-2.29.tar.gz$cd ns-allinone-2.29$./install如果出现如下错误：Syntax error: Unterminated quotedstringns2解决方法：(1)查找所有含有字段system=MP-RAS的文件，对其进行编辑，将system=MP-RAS-awk print $3 /etc/.relid 改为system=MP-RAS-awk print $3 /etc/.relid；$grep -Rsystem=MP-RAS* | sort | uniq(4)重新install$./install可能又会出现如下错误：./sctp/sctp.h:564: warning: typedef was ignoredinthisdeclaration./sctp/sctp.h:571: warning: typedef was ignoredinthisdeclaration./sctp/sctp.h:577: warning: typedef was ignoredinthisdeclaration./sctp/sctp.h:705: error: extra qualification SctpAgent: on member DumpSendBuffertrace/trace.cc:185: warning: deprecated conversion fromstringconstant to char*trace/trace.cc:185: warning: deprecated conversion fromstringconstant to char*trace/trace.cc:185: warning: deprecated conversion fromstringconstant to char*trace/trace.cc:185: warning: deprecated conversion fromstringconstant to char*trace/trace.cc:185: warning: deprecated conversion fromstringconstant to char*make: * trace/trace.o Error 1解决方法：这可能是由于gcc/g+版本过高引起的，对gcc版本进行降级，可以安装 gcc-3.4 or gcc-4.0 & g+-4.0，方法点击查询当前系统使用的gcc、g+版本命令：1. $gcc -v2. $g+ -v如果一切安装顺利的话，会出现以下相似信息：Nam has been installed successfully.Please compile your gt-itm & sgb2ns separately.Ns-allinone package has been installed successfully.Here are the installation places:tcl8.4.11: /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/bin,include,libtk8.4.11:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/bin,include,libotcl:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/otcl-1.11tclcl:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tclcl-1.17ns:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/nsnam: /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/nam-1.11/namxgraph: /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/xgraph-12.1-Please put /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/bin:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tcl8.4.11/unix:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tk8.4.11/unixinto your PATH environment; so that youll be able to run itm/tclsh/wish/xgraph.IMPORTANT NOTICES:(1) You MUST put /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/otcl-1.11, /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/lib, into your LD_LIBRARY_PATH environment variable.If it complains about X libraries, add path to your X libraries into LD_LIBRARY_PATH.If you areusingcsh, you cansetit like:setenv LD_LIBRARY_PATH If you areusingsh, you cansetit like:export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=(2) You MUST put /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tcl8.4.11/library into your TCL_LIBRARY environmentalvariable. Otherwise ns/nam will complain during startup.(3) OPTIONAL To save disk space, you can now delete directories tcl8.4.11 and tk8.4.11. They are now installed under /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/bin,include,libAfter these steps, you can now run the ns validation suite withcd ns-2.29; ./validateFor trouble shooting, please first read ns problems page /nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html. Also search the ns mailing list archiveforrelated posts.4.安装成功以后，提示要更改环境变量，运行$gedit/.bashrc 打开.bashrc文件后，在文件尾部加上以下内容export PATH=$PATH:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/bin:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tcl8.4.11/unix:/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tk8.4.11/unixexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/otcl-1.11, /home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/lib: &LD_LIBRARY_PATHexport TCL_LIBRARY=/home/ys/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/tcl8.4.11/library: &TCL_LIBRARY5.成功安装好ns2.29后，运行NS2自带的几个例程，看是否能够运行成功$cd /ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/tcl/ex/$ns simple.tcl这里有可能出现下面的错误：ysubuntu:/ns2/ns-allinone-2.29/ns-2.29/tcl/ex$nam: code omitted because of length: noeve