2012年高考英语知识点单元总复习教案.doc

2012年高考英语知识点单元总复习教案 2012届高考英语一轮单元总复习讲义精品荟萃外研版必修五Module 5知识详解1.perform vt. 做；执行；履行；表演；正式进行；实施(某事)vi. 表演；表现；(机器)运转(回归课本P42)He was disappointed because he had not performed well in the 1988 Seoul Olympics.他感到很失望，因为他在1988年的首尔奥运会上表现得不好。【归纳总结】【例句探源】The young doctor performed the heart operation.这位年轻医生为病人做了心脏手术。Our team performed well in the match yesterday.我们队在昨天的比赛中表现得很出色。They will give a performance/put on performances at the theatre.他们将在那家剧院演出。【即境活用】1.How teachers _ in their classes has a strong influence on the growth of the students.Aplayed BshowedCthought Dperformed解析：选D。句意“教师在课堂上的表现如何对学生的成长有重大影响”。2No matter how many times _，Shakespears works are always welcomed.Aperforming BperformedCbeing performed Dhaving performed解析：选B。此处是省略句，用过去分词表示被动，相当于状语从句No matter how many times theyre performed.。2.advantage n C；U优势，优点，长处，有利条件(回归课本P42).and they had a major advantage over their better-known rivalsthey were cheaper.他们和对手相比有个明显的优势产品更便宜。【归纳总结】have an advantage over sb./sth. 比占有优势have the advantage of (doing) sth. 有优点take advantage of sb./sth. 利用to sb.s advantage/to the advantage of sb. 对某人有利be at an advantage 占优势(反)disadvantage n. 不利条件【例句探源】Her teaching experience gave her a big advantage over the other applicants for the job.她的教学经历使她比起其他求职者具有更大的优势。Yao Ming has an advantage over other players in playing basketball.姚明在打篮球方面比其他选手更有优势。This method has the advantage of saving a lot of fuel.这个方法有节省很多燃料的优点。(朗文P27)Dont lend them the cartheyre taking advantage of you！不要把汽车借给他们他们在利用你！The lawyers letter said she would hear something to her advantage if she contacted him.律师的信上说，如果她同他联络，她会听到对她有利的消息。(朗文P30)Applicants with computer skills will be at an advantage.具有电脑技能的申请者会优先考虑。【即境活用】3(日照模拟)You will be at a(n)_ if you have thought about the interview questions in advance in application for a job.Afavor BadvantageCbenefit Dprofit解析：选B。考查名词辨析。at an advantage“有利地”。句意“在申请工作时，事先考虑一下面试的问题将对你有利。”4.Havent you learned of the advantage you should _ others week points in order to win the match?Amake on Bmake ofChave to Dtake of解析：选D。此处you should_是定语从句，take的宾语就是先行词advantage，因引导词作宾语而省略了。3.guarantee vt. 保证，担保，保障，确保，为作担保 n 保证，担保，保修单，抵押品(回归课本P42)Success for Li Ning was guaranteed，and it came quickly.李宁的成功之处就在于保质包换，而且反馈迅速。【归纳总结】【例句探源】(朗文P868)Take this opportunity，and I guarantee you wont regret it.抓住这个机会吧，我保证你不会后悔的。(牛津P905)Theres no guarantee that shell come.不能保证她一定来。We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.我们保证一周内交货。(朗文P868)The television comes with a two-year guarantee.这台电视有两年的保修期。(朗文P868)Your watch will be repaired free if its still under guarantee.你的手表在保修期内可享受免费修理。【即境活用】5.They are demanding certain _ before they sign the treaty.Aguarantees BpromiseCwords Dinsurance解析：选A。guarantee在这里用作名词，意为“抵押物，担保物”。B项为“允诺”；C项为“话，词”；D项为“保险”。只有A项符合句意。6Goods in this supermarket are honestly sold with money-back _ against poor quality within a month.Aproof BcertaintyCinsurance Dguarantee解析：选D。句意：这个超级市场上的物品一个月内因质量问题保证退款。4.declare vt. 宣告；宣布；宣称；声明；申报(回归课本P49)The Americans protested and in the end the American runner was declared the winner.美国人提出抗议，最终那位美国选手被宣布获胜。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Jones was declared the winner of the fight.琼斯被宣布为拳击赛的优胜者。(朗文P487)The doctor finally declared that the man was dead.医生最终宣布该男子死亡。In September 1939，Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland.1939年9月，英国在德国入侵波兰后向德国宣战。(牛津P518)Do you have anything to declare?你有什么要申报的吗？【易混辨析】declare，announce(1)declare指正式、明确地向公众“宣布；宣告；声明”，侧重当众发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判等。(2)announce指正式地“公开；发表；宣布”，侧重“预告”人们所关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻之类的消息。另外，该词还有“预示；显示；显露”之意。The court declared that Browns case should be reviewed.The government announced that the danger was past.【即境活用】7.In 1938，Hitler _ war against Poland，which started the Second World War.Adeclared BannouncedCbroadcast Dadvertised解析：选A。句意：1938年，希特勒对波兰宣战，开始了第二次世界大战。declare多用于表示“宣战，宣告”，符合题意。announce“公开宣布，断言”；broadcast“广播，播音”；advertise“做广告”。8(淄博二模)The headmaster will _ a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.Adeliver BaddressCannounce Ddeclare解析：选A。本题考查动词辨析。deliver a speech发表演讲；address sb. 给某人发表演讲；announce和declare都不能和speech连用。5.on the increase 正在增加(回归课本P42)The number of young people with money to spend was on the increaseand sport had never been so popular.有钱消费的年轻人的数量在增加，而体育运动也变得前所未有地普及。【归纳总结】【例句探源】At present，the number of young people who smoke is on the increase.目前吸烟的年轻人的数量正在增加。(牛津P263)He is away on business.他出差去了。Tickets for the performance are on sale at the box office.演出的票正在售票处销售。I met her while I was on leave.我休假时遇见了她。(朗文P589)Helen is on night duty all next week.下个星期海伦全都是值夜班。【即境活用】9完成句子With the production _(增长了50%)，our factory will have another harvest this year.答案：increasing by 50%6.be up to sb. 由决定，是的责任(回归课本P48)The choice is up to you，means you must decide.这个选择“取决于你”，意思是你必须决定。【归纳总结】【例句探源】Its not up to you to tell me how to do my job.还轮不到你来告诉我怎么做我的工作。The temperature went up to 35C.气温上升到了35摄氏度。Im afraid the play wont be up to our expectations.我担心该剧达不到我们预期的效果。Hes not really up to the job.他并不能真正胜任这项工作。Up to now，she has written four books.到目前为止，她已经写了四部书了。The children are very quiet；I wonder what they are up to.孩子们现在很安静，我不知道他们在捣什么鬼。【即境活用】10(重庆二模)What would you like to do？Doing shopping or going to the cinema?_.Whatever you want to do is fine with me.AAll right BIts up to youCGlad to hear that DIt just depends解析：选B。从后面一句话的意思分析，对我来说，无论你做什么都行，所以去哪里“由你来定”。11.Putting on a happy face not only helps us make friends but also makes us feel better._.AId love to BIm with you on thatCIts up to you DIts my pleasure解析：选B。句意：露出笑脸不仅有助于我们交友，而且还使我们心情愉快。我同意你那一点。B项表示同意对方的观点。A项表示欣然接受邀请；C项表示由你来决定；D项是回答感谢。on关于；that指上文。句型梳理1.【教材原句】 But even though he had won everything it was possible to win in his sport，Li Ning retired with the feeling that he had failed.(P42)但即使是已经赢得了在自己运动项目上所能赢得的一切，李宁还是带着一种失败的感觉退了役。【句法分析】 (1)even if和even though引导的让步状语从句，常用一般时代替将来时。Even though you disagree with her，shes worth listening to.尽管你不同意她的意见，但她的意见还是值得听一听。He wont go to the cinema even if he has nothing else to do.即使没有其他事要做，他也不会去电影院。(2)even if和even though后面也可接分词。与句子主语是主动关系时，用现在分词；是被动关系时，用过去分词。如：Even though falling behind，I still have confidence in myself.即使我落后了，也仍然对自己有信心。I wouldnt like to attend his party even if invited.我不会参加他的宴会，即使被邀请。【即境活用】12.Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice，_ they knew it to be valuable.Aas if Bnow thatCeven though Dso that解析：选C。考查让步状语从句。as if好像，引导方式状语从句；now that既然，引导原因状语从句；even though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，so that前有逗号时意为“以致，结果”，引导结果状语从句，句意为：他们中许多人对他的建议充耳不闻，尽管知道很有价值。13Better take a book _ you have to wait，for its always the case that every bank has a long queue for banking.Ain case Beven ifCas long as Das if解析：选A。句意“最好带着本书，以免万一你得等待，在银行办业务总会要排长队。”in case“万一”；even if“即使”；as long as“只要”；as if“好像”。2.【教材原句】 If you go into a school or university anywhere，the chances are you will see students in Li Ning tracksuits with the familiar logo.(P42)如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到身穿印有那个熟悉标志的李宁运动服的学生们。【句法分析】 (1)the chances are (that).该句型意思是“很可能”，that后面跟表语从句，与It is likely/possible that.意思相近。The chances are that she will pass the exam.她很可能会通过这次考试。Chances are that man will eventually land on Mars.人类有可能最终登陆火星。(2)theres a /no chance that.有可能/没有可能Theres no chance that he will change his mind.他不可能改变主意。There is a slim chance of success for the football team in the final.这只足球队在决赛中获胜的机会非常小。(牛津P315)If I do chance to find out where she is，Ill inform you immediately.要是我真的碰巧发现她的行踪，会立即通知你的。(牛津P315)They chanced to be staying at t