八年级下册英语1-5单元复习要点(全部).doc

一，课文重点知识详解1, Do you think there will be robots in peoples home?（1）Do you think后接宾语从句，从句的语序必须是陈述语序。引导词that可省略（2）there be句型，表示某处有某物 例：There is a book on the desk（3）there be句型的考点 There be + 物 + 地点 首先，就近原则，即谓语动词be和最靠近它的名词在形式上保持一致 there be的一般将来时形式是there will be /there （is/are）going to be（4）people 是一个集合名词，只能作为复数形式使用，没有单数形式2, People will live to be 200 years old.（1）live to be + 基数词 + years old意为活到岁（2）live 是动词，意思是居住、生活、活 I live in Beijing.（live in + 地点） We live happily.3, There will be more/less/fewer/ people（1）More是many和much的比较级，其后既可以跟可数名词也可跟不可数名词，意思是更多。最高级是most（2）Less是little的比较级，其后只接不可数名词，意思是较少的，更少的（3）Fewer是few的比较级，其后只接可数名词的复数形式，较少的更少的4,Well, I dont agree. But I think there will be fewer trees. agree with 同意赞同，后接指人或表示意见、看法的词 agree to 同意赞同，后接表示建议、计划、安排的词 I quite agree with you. Do you agree with what I have said? He has agreed to our suggestion about the holiday.5, what sport will she play?（1）play+球类、棋类 Play+the+西洋乐器 Play+sports Play+with sth/sb（2）sport 作定语时通常使用复数形式 a sports meeting 运动会6, I went to Shanghai last year and fell in love with it. Fall in love with sb/sth爱上某人或某物 fall behind 落后 fall down倒下 掉下来 fall asleep 入睡熟睡7, Our apartment is too small. Too,“太，真是，非常”用来修饰形容词或者副词 Tooto太而不能 She is too young to go to school.8,Keep sb doing sth让某人一直做某事 Sorry, I have kept you waiting so long. Keep doing sth 一直做某事 Why do you keep laughing all the time?9, The head of one of the biggest movie companies in the US predicted that no one would want to see actors talk.（1）no one 没有人与nobody同义，作主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数No one/ nobody is in the classroom at the moment. None 为不定代词，意为没有既可以指人也可以指物，其后可接of,作主语的时候谓语动词单复数都可以，但no one 只能指人，且不能与of连用None of these pens work/works.How many tickets do you have?-None10, some scientists believe that there will be such robots in the future. However, they agree it may take hundreds of years.（1）such如此的，这样的。作定语，可修饰可数名词单数、复数、或不可数名词。常用搭配such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数或such+adj+不可数名词或such+adj+可数名词复数I have never met such a man like him.It is such a nice day.It is such nice weather.（2）take 意为花费，固定搭配：It takes sb some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间 It takes him two days to finish the work.（3）数字+hundred / thousand / million / billion +名词复数 Hundreds / +of + 名词复数11,That may not seem possible now（1）seem to do sth似乎看来好像做某事I seem to have left my book at home.（2）it seems that 或 it seemed that 看起来好像是似乎 it seemed that he was very happy.（5）Seem to be + 形容词或名词 She seems to be happy. 二，单元语法语法-一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某一时刻发生的动作或状态， 或将来某一段时间内经常进行的动作或状态。一般将来时由助动词 shall / will+动词原形，或be going to + 动词原形构成基本句型：肯定句：I/We shall/will go. You/He/She/They Will go.否定句 :I/We shall/will not go. You/He/She/They Will not go.疑问句：Shall I/we go? Will you/he/she/they go?特殊疑问句：一般将来时的特殊疑问句是将疑问词放在句首，后接一般疑问句-why will you be here on Sunday?周日你为什么将要在这儿？-I will have a meeting on Sunday我将要在周日举行一个聚会一般疑问句be或will提到句首some改any,and改or一二人称互换We are going to go on an outing this weekend.-Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?被动句：will/shall+be+v.ed（及物动词过去分词）The letter will be sent tomorrow 这封信明天将寄出去We shall be punished if we break the rule用will或shall表示“助动词will或shall+动词原形”这一形式，表示将来发生的事情，用于征求对方的意见或表示客气的邀请。1. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 明天就是星期天。2. Shall we go there at five? 我们五点钟去那儿，好吗？ 用be going to结构表示“be going to+动词原形”用来表示近期将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生某事，意为“打算；就要”.如：1. Were going to meet outside the school gate.用现在进行时表示表示位置转移的动词（如：go, come, leave, start, arrive等），可用现在进行时表示将来时。如：1. Uncle Wang is coming. 王叔叔就要来了。2. Theyre leaving for Beijing. 他们即将前往北京。八年级下册英语第二单元What should I do知识点整理一、课文重点考点详解1. I dont have enough money.enough 充足的、充分的； 足够地。 I have enough time to do it.2. I argued with my best friend. argue with sb.意为“与争吵，争论”. He often argues with his classmates.3. My clothes are out of style. be out of style / fashion表示“过时”“不合乎时尚”4. Maybe you should call him up.（1）maybe用来表示推测，译为“也许，或许，大概”.如： Maybe you are right.（2）call sb up .打电话给某人。如：I called up Zhang Hong at eight oclock.原句中him为代词，所以放在call和up之间，不能说成call up him.如：Ill call her up this afternoon.注意：在动副结构的短语中，代词一定放在动副之间。5. I dont want to surprise him.“surprise sb.”,表示“使惊讶” The news surprises us greatly.6. No, he doesnt have any money, either. either的用法：用在否定句或否定词组后加强语气，表示“也”,“而且”,常用逗号隔开。 如：He doesnt like singing, and he doesnt like dancing, either. either用作代词时，常表示“两者之中任何一个”.如： Either of them will agree with you.7. I need to get some money to pay for summer camp.（1）need是个情态动词，也可以是行为动词。当它是情态动词时，后边直接加行为动词，表示“需要”,但need作情态动词时一般不用于肯定句。它一般用于否定句和疑问句中，例如：You need not meet him.Need I repeat it?（2）（sb.）pay（money）for sth.为而付款 （sb.）spend（money）on sth在上花多少钱 （sth.）cost sb.（money）什么东西值多少钱pay, spend指的是“人”,主语为人，而cost指的是“物”,主语为“物”.他昨天花10元买了一本书。用以上三个短语分别为：He paid 10 yuan for the book yesterday.He spent 10 yuan on the book yesterday.The book cost him 10 yuan yesterday.8、She also says that these children may find it hard to think for themselves when they are older. find +it + adj.+（for sb.） to do sth. 发现做某事是如： I find it easy for me to finish the work in an hour.9、The tired children dont get home until 7 p.m. until 直到为止，如： I will wait for him until he comes back. notuntil, 直到才。如： he didnt go to bed until his father came back.10、I dont know what to do. what to do是疑问句加不定式结构，在句中做宾语，这种结构经常放在tell, show, teach, forget, findout等词后作宾语。如： I forgot what to do next. I dont know how to do it next. The teacher showed us what to do with it.11.ask （sb.）for sth.向某人寻求某物；要如：Dont ask for food every day.If you have any problems, you can ask the policeman for help.12、the same as 与相同 My cousin is the same age as me13.except 除以外；（不包括在内） My class has been invited except me.= Only I havent been invited. 除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。 All the students went to the park except him besides 除以外（包括在内） We all went there besides him.= He went there.We went there, too. 除他去以外，我们也都去了。14.wrong adj.错误的；有毛病的；不合适的Is there anything wrong with you?你哪儿不舒服？ Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了？（你哪里不舒服？）15.get on/along well with sb.与某人相处融，发展。如：I get alone well with my classmates.How do you get on with you studies.16.have a fight with sb.= fight with sb.与某人打架。如：We cant have a fight with each other at school.17、词语辨析borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借进某物lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人18、You left your home work at home. leave 遗留、丢下。如： I left my keys in the car. leave 指将某物遗忘在某地，常用的结构为：leave + sth. + place. 如： he left his umbrella in the bus yesterday. forget 指忘了某人或某事，后面不能跟具体的地点。19、you could give him a ticket to a ball game. a ticket to a ball game, to 表示：的。如： the key to the door, the answer to the question20. on the one hand, on the other hand.一方面另一方面二、单元语法学会should , could在英语中的习惯用法。should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。should（应当，应该）用于所有人称，表示劝告或建议。如：You should wait a little more. 你应该再多等一会儿。八年级下册英语第三单元What were you doing.知识点整理一、课文重点、难点、考点详解1、what were you doing when the UFO arrived? arrive 到达，后面接地点名词或是代词时，需要加上介词in 或at ,in 用于比较大的地方，at用于比较小的地方； 如果后面接here, there, home 等副词时，不加介词。如： My pen pal arrived in Wuhan yesterday afternoon. When did you arrive at Beijing airport? He arrived home ten minutes ago.2、getting out of the shouerget out of 从出来3、what was the girl doing when the UFO took off? take off 起飞，动身 Could you tell me when our flight will take off? 此外，take off 还作脱衣服，取下眼镜。 Its warm today, you had better take off your sweater.4、I had a very unusual experience on Sunday. experience n. 经历、阅历，可数名词，常用于词组：have /be a experience 有是一次经历。如： He had many interesting experiences while traveling in North America. experience n. 经验、体验，不可数名词，对应的形容词为experienced 有经验的。如： She is a teacher with rich experience of teaching. experience vt. 经历、感受。如： My father experienced great difficulty in giving up smoking.5、I was walking down the street when a UFO landed right in front of me. in front of 在前面。如： The car is in front of the house. 辨析：in front of and in the front of in front of 表示某范围外部的前面。如： There is a tall tree in front of the classroom in the front of 表示某范围内部的前面。如： There is a big blackboard in the front of the classroom.6、She is shouting shout v. 喊，高呼，朝某人大喊 shout to. 指距离相隔很远而高声喊叫让人听见，无训斥之意。如： She shouted to me to come over. shout at. 表示生气时对某人大喊大叫，含责备、警告之意。如： He tried to talk to the men, but they shouted at him.7、While John was walking to school, he saw a cat in a tree. 辨析：in the tree and on the tree. in the tree. 指外来的东西在树上，如人、动物等。如： A boy is standing in the tree. on the tree. 指树上本身长的东西，如花、果实等。如： There are many apples on the tree.8、While she was talking on the phone, Davy met another dog outside the station.another adj. 指另一、又一，常表示在原来的基础上增加，表泛指，直接接可数名词单数；如果与数词连用，后面接可数名词的复数。another + 数词+n. =数词+more +n.如：I dont like this sweater, please show me another one.Another three days passed9、visited aunt in hospital in hospital 生病住院，而in the hospital 表示在医院里。 He was badly ill, he must be in hospital. She is a nurse. She works in the hospital.10、While He Yan was at the doctors, I was going to the class. at the doctors 在诊所。英语中习惯用名词的所有格表示该名词生活或工作的地方，像店铺、医院、教堂或某人的家等。如： I am going to the barbers11、This was one of the most important events in modern American history. one of the +adj（最高级）+n（复数）表示最之一。 one of +n.pl 做主语的时候，谓语用单数。如： One of us was late.12、It was difficult to get out of bed.its + adj. for sb to do sth. 其中的形容词常为说明事物事情性质的词，像 difficult, easy, important, useful, impossible.etc. 如： its hard for me to work out the problem.its + adj. of sb. to do sth 其中的形容词常为说明人的性格特征或品质的词，像 nice, good, kind, foolish, polite, careless, etc.如：it is very kind of you to say so.13、 The boy was walking down the street when a UFO landed. While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police. when, while辨析：“当时候”（1） when当时候，既可表示某一点时间，也可以表示某一段时间，引导的从句谓语多用终止性（瞬间）动词，主从句的动作可同时也可以有先后顺序发生。 I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时，我正在看书。（2） while正当时，只能表示某一段时间，不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中，其谓语动词只能是延续性的，而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。 While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时，林涛来看他。（3） 另外，when和while的区别还在于：while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候，上课铃响了。 I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. 昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候，我正在做家庭作业。二、语法详解过去进行时：过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.过去进行时的构成：肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing否定形式：主语+was not （wasnt）/were not （werent）+V-ing疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing.基本用法：1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, this time yesterday at+点钟+yesterday ,when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如：What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday?I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time.八年级下册英语第四单元He said I was hard-working知识点整理一，重点句型分析1. What are some soap operas you know?你所知道的有哪些肥皂剧？ you know是定语从句，修饰前面的名词soap operas2. What are some things that happen on soap operas?肥皂剧里发生了些什么事？ That happen on soap operas是定语从句，修饰前面的名字something.3. Lana said she wasnt mad at Marcia anymore.拉娜说她不再生玛西娅的气了。 be mad at （with） sb.对某人恼火 be mad at （about） sth. （doing sth.）对某事恼火 Mother got mad at （with） me for watching TV for hours. not anymore 不再 She didnt cry anymore.她不再哭了。4. bring some books to her house. 给她带来一些书 bring sth. to 从（远处）带来，拿来（到近处） 而其反义词为：take to“从（近处）拿（走）到（远处） Could you bring some water to me? Please take the chair to Jims room.5.pass this message to sb.将这个消息传给某人 passsth. to sb 把某物传递给某人 She said she would pass the dictionary to Tom.6.You want to know why C didnt return it and where it is.你想知道为什么C未将它还回来并想知道它在哪里。 句中why C didnt return it and where it is是宾语从句作know的宾语，请注意宾语从句的语序。7.You were supposed to meet at the bus stop this morning to return it. 你应该今早上在车站去见面并把它还给人家。 be supposed to do 被期望，应该 He is supposed to be there on time.按理他应该准时到哪里。二，课文解析和语法1. In English, Im better at reading than listening. 在英语方面，我的阅读比听力更好。 be better at doing 是be good at 的比较级，意思为”更擅长“2. I can do better in math.在数学方面我能做得更好。 better 是well的比较级 do well in 在方面做得好 Does she do well in physics?3. I finished my end -of -year exams last week. 我上周结束了期末考试。 finish sth. （doing sth.） Did he finish doing his homework before he went to bed?4. I had a really hard time with science this semester. 这学期我的科学学科学得的确不好。5. Its not right to copy others homework. 抄袭别人的作业是不对的。 请记住这一句型：Its right for sb to do Its right for sb to do6. I said I didnt think it was a good idea for her to copy ma homework. 我说我认为对她来说抄我的作业不是个好办法。7. She said it was much better if she din her own work. 她说如果她自己做作业就会好多了。 much +比较级，意思是”得多“ He runs much faster than I.8. Teaching high school students in a poor mountain village in Gansu Province may not sound like fun to you. 在甘肃省一个贫困的山村里教中学学生在你听起来可能不算什么有趣的事。 此句中may+ 动词原形，表示”可能“ sound like +名词，意思为”听起来像“9. Every year they send 100 volunteers to teach in Chinas rural areas. 每年他们都往中国的乡村地区派100名志愿者去教书。 send to 派，送到10. Her village was 2000 meters above sea level.她的村庄位于海拔2千米。11. the thin air made her feel sick稀薄的空气使她病了 make sb. do 使某人干某事（此处只能用动词原形，不能+to）12.They love heaving volunteer teachers there. 他们喜爱让志愿者老师教他们。 love doing （to do）13.There often isnt money for education.经常没有钱来受教育。14. I can open up my students eyes to the outside world. 我能开阔学生们的视野，把他们带到外部世界。15. give them a good start in life 给他们一个生活的新起点 give sb. sth.给某人某物16. She said she likes being a good influence in the childrens lives. 她说她愿意给孩子们的生活中起一个好的影响。17. Yang Lei enjoyed her time as a volunteer very much.杨蕾很愿意做一个志愿者。18. care for ”Mother Earth“关心”地球母亲“19. care for wild animals in danger 关心处于危险中的野生动物20. I cant do anything about that. 我对于那件事无能为力。八年级下册英语第五单元知识点整理一，课文重难点讲解：1. If you go to the party, youll have a good time. 条件状语从句常由从属连词if,unless等引导。和时间状语从句一样，条件状语从句用一般现在时而不用将来时，尤其注意主语为第三人称单数时，动词使用单数形式。if引导的条件状语从句的结构：if+一般现在时，主语+将来时。 If you ask him, he will help you. If it rains tomorrow, we wont go to the park. Ill go with you if Im free.2. I think Im going to wear jeans to the party. If you do, the teacher wont let you in.（1）do用作代动词，代替上文的动词部分“wear jeans to the party”,为避免重复。（2）let in意为“让进来” Windows let in light and air. You must keep the door closed. Dont let the dog in.3. Today is too early. If we have it today, half the class wont come. （1）too“太”,带否定含义。 （2）class此处指全班同学。half a/an, a half, half the 后接名词，表示“一半”. He ran half a mile / a half mile in half an hour. I have finished half the book. 注意表“半个”或“个半”时，half一词的用法。 half an hour 半小时，half a year 半年，one year and a half 一年半，one and a half years一年半，five and half days 五天半4. We can all meet and watch a video. meet 碰头，聚集，见面，watch a video 看录像5. Some students will be bored. be bored, get bored 疲乏的，厌倦的 bored 指人的状态，主语为人“厌乏的” Ill get bored if I read English for a long time. The TV play is too boring. Im not interested in such boring stories.6. When is a good time to have the party? Lets have it today. “to have the party”是不定式作定语修饰名词time.不定式作定语通常要放在所修饰的名词或代词之后。7. I want you to remember the rules for school parties.（1）want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事（2）remember v. 记住，记得，想起 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（3）rules for school parties. 学校聚会的规则8. Dont bring food to the party. If you do, the teachers will take it away. bring sth. to sb. = bring sb. sth. 带给某人某物 take sth. away 把某物拿走9. Will I travel much?我会做很多旅行吗？10. If you do, the teachers will ask them to leave.（1）ask sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 ask sb. not to do sth. 让某人不（别）做某事（2）leave v. 离开；留下、剩下11. go to college 上大学 make money 挣钱 get an education接受