巧解特殊定语从句结构.doc

巧解特殊定语从句结构陈 宏定语从句中一类含有since/until/by when ,from where,after which，which+n引导的，很多学生较困惑，感到棘手。这类比较特殊的定语从句，一般都可整合为and连接的并列句。借助并列句分析解此类定语从句，就会简单易懂易记。 一、since/until/by when ,from where引导的定语从句【经典再现】1. The book was written in 1946, _ the education system has witnessed great changes. (2007年山东卷)A. when B. during which C. since thenD. since when2.The baby is due in May, _ the new house should be finished.(2010年泰安二轮质检)A. by then B. whichC. by when D. since when3She climbed up to the top of the hill, _ she could get a good view of the whole town. A there B from where C from there D which现在我们用并列句替换上面的定语从句：1. 因从句中“has witnessed”是完成时，而只有含since引导的时间状语句子才用完成时，故此句可改写：The book was written in 1946, and since then the education system has witnessed great changes.2.根据此题意 “那个婴儿五月将出生，到那时他/她家的新房应该能装修完毕了。”故此句可改写：The baby is due in May, and by then the new house should be finished.3根据此题意“她爬上了山的顶部，从那儿能欣赏整个小镇的美景。”故此句可改写：She climbed up to the top of the hill, and from there she could get a good view of the whole town. 所以答案：DCB【回归课本】1.Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric ,but he was blown off course(航线) and found himself in an unknown land, from where he eventually reached Greenland.(新教材北师大版，第三册第七单元第一课教材原句)2.He stood by the window, from where he could see what was happening outside.3.China is the birth place of kites, from where kiteflying spread to Japan,Korea,Thailand and India 4.I am going back to my hometown this summer, by when I will have enough time to buy a car.【规律总结】and since/until/by then= since /until/by whenand from there= from where二、 which+n 引导的定语从句【经典再现】He can speak German, _language I can only follow with difficulty. A that B whose C which D what根据此题意:他会说德语，那种语言我要很费力地才能听懂。故此句可改写：He can speak German, and I can only follow that language with difficulty. 而不能说成：He can speak German, and I can only follow the language of German with difficulty. 故whose不对而which正确【回归课本】1.She may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her.=He may be late and in that case we ought to wait for him2.He was appointed chairman, in which post he spent the rest of his life.= He was appointed chairman and in that post he spent the rest of his life.3.He lost his temper, at which point I decided to go home.= He lost his temper and at that point I decided to go home.【规律总结】Which可以加概括意义的名词引导定语从句and during/by that time=during /by which time 在那段时间and in that case=in which case 在那种情况下and at that point= at which point在那时and that language= which language那种语言三、after/before which 引导的定语从句【经典再现】 He was educated at a local school, _he went on to Cambridge.（高考试题）A from which B after that C after which D from that此题句意是“他在一所本地的学校接受了教育，在那之后，他去剑桥深造了。故此句可改写：He was educated at a local school, and after that he went on to Cambridge.故C正确【例句分析】1.He left his hometown 20 years ago, after which nothing was heard about him=He left his hometown 20 years ago and after that nothing was heard about him.2.I worked in Dongguan Senior Middle School for 9 years, before which I worked in Gunagming Senior Middle School.= I