高考英语 阅读理解题干题支规律.doc

2015年高考英语 阅读理解题干题支规律主旨大意阅读微技能训练1-目的态度题细节题之 观点陈述正确与否指代关系refer to询问目的意图 aim ,purpose文章类型及出处 type篇章结构，行文逻辑 how is the passage developed ? by space, by comparison, by time , by asking question ,by making definition , by giving examples ,by listing facts .篇章结构判断态度观点的办法主旨大意主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一， 旨在考查考生对锻炼大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占3-4个。设问特点：1. 考查全文主旨或段落大意。2. 正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。3. 错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。4. 常以main idea, best idea, subject, mainly discuss 等词提问。常考问题：1). 中心思想类 the main point /idea of the passage is the passage is mainly about the passage mainly discusses the last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with? which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?72. what is stressed in the first paragraph?2).标题类 which of the following is the best title of the passage? the best title for the passage would be 细节题之 观点陈述正确与否34. which of the following statements is true? a. tickets are sold in kwun tong high school. b. its unnecessary to take soft drinks with you. c. free digital cameras are provided for everybody. d. festival food will be served without extra charge.指代关系(2013湖南阅读理解b) 61. “early childhood development” in paragraph 1 refers to _.a. a program directed by dorothyb. a course given by the authorc. an activity held by the studentsd. an organization sponsored by union college（2013新课标i ，59）. the underlined word “glitch” probably means _a. coverb. changec. noted. fault42. the word culprit ( paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to_.a. criminalb. judgec. victimd. producer2how does the writer support the underlined statement in paragraph 2?aby giving instructionsbby analyzing cause and effectcby following the order of timedby giving examples询问目的意图（2014 潍坊一模阅读c，51）the two questions in paragraph l are raised to _ aintroduce the topic bgive two examplesccompare different opinions dget answers from readers（2012四川a，42）. by mentioning the names of the trees, the author aims to show that _ .49. what is the main purpose of the selection? a. to give advice on how to stay healthy.b. to provide information about our body. c. to challenge new findings in medical research. 挑战，质疑 d. to report the latest discoveries in medical science.（2013江苏阅读b，59.）the example of the recorded message in paragraphs 4 and 5 illustrates_.a. the necessity of patience in queuing b. the advantage of modern technologyc. the uncertainty of allocation principle d. the fairness of telephonic servicesillustrates.vt.说明；表明；给加插图；（用示例、图画等）说明（2013江苏阅读b，60）.the passage is meant to_ .a. justify paying for faster services b. discuss the morals of allocating thingsc. analyze the reason for standing in lined. criticize the behavior of queue jumping. justify证明有理；为辩护；对作出解释64. the opening paragraph is mainly intended to _a. . provide some key facts b. attract the readers interest in the subjectc. show great respect for the ancient thinkerd. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations5. the aim to write the passage is to _.a. praiseb. doubt c. blamed. statestate陈述，声明our relationship is totally platonic, she stated. “我们纯属精神恋爱，”她声明道。（2012 浙江c ，54）the writers purpose for writing this article is to_.a.complain about problems in school educationb.teach students different strategies for school lifec.advocate teaching conflict management in schoolsd.inform teachers of the latest studies on school violence（潍坊一模阅读c ，51）the two questions in paragraph l are raised to aintroduce the topic bgive two examplesccompare different opinions dget answers from readers（2013江苏阅读理解d 对mark twain 的介绍70.）what does the author mainly argue for?a. twain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.b. twain was an admirable figure comparable to abraham lincoln.c. twains works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.d. twain s works should be read from a historical point of view.（2011重庆阅读e） 74. the author mentioned the review in nature in order to_.a. voice a different opinionb. find fault with lomborgs book c. challenge the authority of the mediad. point out the value of scientific views.（2011重庆阅读e） 75. what is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?a. to encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.b. to warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with reviews.c. to blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.d. to show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.2013湖南阅读理解b 65. what does the author mainly intend to tell us?a. whatever you do, you must do it carefully.b. whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.c. however poor you are, you have the right to education.d. wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.2012辽宁阅读理解c64. the opening paragraph is mainly intended to _a. . provide some key facts about confuciusb. attract the readers interest in the subjectc. show great respect for the ancient thinkerd. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations(2013福建e）71.the young inspirations mentoring program aims to _.a. train staff for world-famous firmsb. offer job opportunities to young adultsc. provide youth with unique experiencesd. equip the unemployed with different skills练习巩固1：（2011江西英语d篇探索太空）71. why does the author mention the questions in paragraph1?a. to express his doubts.b. to compare different ideas.c. to introduce points for discussion.d. to describe the conditions on earth. 原文why should mankind explore space? why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions and people on earth? these are questions that, understandably, are very often asked. perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. what drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? the wider the spread of a species, the better its chance of survival. perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.练习巩固2：（2012浙江a41 ）the writer mentions easter at the beginning of the passage in order to_.a. show the importance of easter dayb. introduce the issue about bunniesc. remind people of easter traditions d. discuss the relationship between easter and bunnies2012浙江aeaster(复活节) is still a great day for worship, candy in baskets and running around the yard finding eggs, but every year it gets quite a bit worse for bunnies(兔子).and no, not because the kids like to pull their ears. the culprit is climate change, and some researchers found that rising temperatures arc having harmful effects on at least five species of rabbit in the us.take the lower keys march rabbit, for instance. an endangered species that lives in the lower florida keys, this species of cottontail is a great swimmer it lives on the islands! but it is already severely affected by development and now by rising levels. according to the center for biological diversity, an ocean level rise of only 0. 6 meters will send these guys jumping to higher ground and a 0.9-meter rise would wipe out their habitat (栖息地) completely.the snowshoe hare, on the other hand, has a color issue. most of these rabbits change their fur color from white in the wintertime to brown in the summer, each designed to give them better cover from predators（捕食者）. as the number of days with snow decreases all across the country, however, more and more bunnies arc being left in white fur during brown dirt days of both fall and spring, making them an easier mark for predators. researchers know that the color change is controlled by the number of hours of sunlight, but whether the rabbit will be able to adapt quick enough to survive is a big question. the national wildlife federation has reported that hunters have noticed their numbers are already markedly down.american pikas or rock rabbits, a relative of rabbits and hares, might be the firs of these species to go extinct due to climate change. about 7-8 inches long, pikas live high in the cool, damp mountains west of the rocky mountains. as global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁徙) to higher ground but they already occupy the mountaintops. they cant go any higher. the national wildlife federation reports that they might not be able to stand the new temperatures as their habitat beats up.the volcano rabbit has the same problem. these rabbits live on the slopes of volcanoes in mexico, and recent studies have shown that the lower range of their habitat has already shifted upward about 700 meters, but there are not suitable plants for them to move higher, so they are stuck in the middle. scientists are concerned about their populations.native to the us, pygmy rabbits weigh less than 1 pound and live in the american west. they are believed to be the smallest rabbits in the world. their habitats have been destroyed by development. several populations, such as the columbia basin pygmy, almost went extinct and were saved by zoo breeding programs. pygmy rabbits also rely on winter cover by digging tunnels through the snow to escape predators, but lesser snowfall is leaving them exposed.all of this gives new meaning to dressing up in a giant bunny costume this easter. 41 the writer mentions easter at the beginning of the passage in order to_.a. show the importance of easter dayb. introduce the issue about bunniesc. remind people of easter traditions d. discuss the relationship between easter and bunnies42. the word culprit ( paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to_.a. criminalb. judgec. victimd. producer43.according to the passage, some rabbits can now be easily uncovered by predators because they_a.are exposed lo more skillful huntersb.have moved to habitats with fewer plantsc.havent adapted themselves to climate changed.cant change their fur color into white in the fall and the spring44,the problem faced by volcano rabbets and rock rabbits is that_.a. both are affected by 1ess snowb. both are affected by rising sea levelsc neither can find enough food0. neither can migrate to higher places45 which best describes the writers tone in the passage?a. approving.b. concerned.c. enthusiastic.d. doubtful.练习巩固3：（2010天津阅读b）44. iribarnes goal of forming the foundation is to _.a. bring fun to poor kidsb. provide soccer balls for childrenc. give poor kids a chance for a better lifed. appeal to soccer players to help poor kids原文he created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.练习巩固4： a2012辽宁 mini book excerpts（节选） biography when salinger learned that a car park was to be built on the land,the middle-aged writer was shocked and quickly bought the netghboring area to protect it the townspeople never forgot the rescue and came to help their most famous neighbor. j. d. sulinger：a life by kenneth slawenski（random house,$27）mystery（疑案小说） “youre a smart boy. bennys death was no accident, and youre the only who saw it happen. do you think the murderer should get away with it ? ”the boy was starting stubbornly at his lap again. a thought suddenly occerred to annika,“did you you recognized the man in the car,didnt you?” the boy hesitated, twisting his fingers,“maybe,”he said quitely. red wolf by liza marklund（atria books, $25. 99）short stories she wants to say to him what she has learmed,none of it in class. some women are borm stupid,and some women are too smart for their own good. some women are born to give ,and some women only know how to take. some women learn who they want to be from their mothers,some who they dont want to be. some mothers suffer so their daughters wont. some mothers love so their daughters wont. you are free by danzy senna （riverhead books,$15）humor do your kids like to have fun? come to fun times! do you like to watch your kids having fun? bring them to fun times! fun times!s “amusement cycling”is the most fun you can have,legally,in the united states right now. why spend thousands of dollars flying to disney world when you can speng less than half to that within a days drive lf most cities? happy and other bad thoughts by larry doyle（ecco,$14. 99）57. the book happy and other bad thoughts is intended for . a. young children b. disney world workers c. middle school teachers d. parents with young children练习巩固5：71.the young inspirations mentoring program aims to _.a. train staff for world-famous firmsb. offer job opportunities to young adultsc. provide youth with unique experiencesd. equip the unemployed with different skills题目中根据a mentoring (导师制) program is giving life changing opportunities to banbury youth.young inspirations was founded two years ago to provide mentoring sessions for students and unemployed young adults aged 11 to 21.alex goldberg, the programs founder, said; we set up young inspirations because we wanted to give young people experiences u1which will potentially be life changing and broaden their outlook.“we try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth. for example, weve secured internships (实习) with world-famous firms such as honda.练习巩固6：2012辽宁 c if confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his september 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles. iied need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out. while many people in china will remember confucius on his special day, few people in the united states will give him a passing thought. its nothing personal. most americans dont even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes. but this doesnt mean that americans dont care about confucius. in many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of china. in the past two decades, the chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in western universities. more recently, the chinese government has set up confucius institutes in more than 80 countries. these schools teach both chinese language and culture. the main courses of chinese culture usually included chinese art, history and philosophy（哲学）. some social scientists suggest that westerners should take advantages of the ancient chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of westerners philosophy. students in the united states, at the same time, are racing to learn chinese. so they will be ready for life in a world where china is an equal power with the united states. businessmen who hope to make money in china are reading books about confucius to understand their chinese customers. so the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well. today china attracts the west more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce confucius and chinese culture to the west. as for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the west, even if his birthday is. 64. the opening paragraph is mainly intended to _a. . provide some key facts about confuciusb. attract the readers interest in the subjectc. show great respect for the ancient thinkerd. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations65. we can learn from paragraph 4 that american students_a. have a great interest in studying chineseb. take an active part in chinese competitionsc. try to get high scores in chinese examsd. fight for a chance to learn chinese66. what is the best title for the passge?a. forgotten wisdom in americab. huge fans of the chinese languagec. chinese culture for westernersd. old thinker with a big future67. the passage is likely to appear in _. a. a biographyb. a history paperc. a newspaperd. a philosophy textbook文章类型及出处2014新课标阅读理解a23.what type of writing is this text? a. an exhibition guide. b. an art show review. c. an announcement. d. an official report.2013-2011新课标阅读理解70.what type of writing the article like