北京市密云区高考英语 阅读理解系列训练（12）.doc

密云区2014高考英语阅读理解系列训练（12）及答案hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face. living alone, every day he worked in his garden. in all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his. all sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flowers place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell. hans had many friends, the most devoted being the miller. so devoted was the rich miller to hans that hed never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits. the miller used to talk about noble ideas, and hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having such a friend. the neighbors thought it strange that the rich miller never gave hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep, but hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship. in spring, summer, and autumn hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger. though extremely lonely, the miller never came to see him then. “theres no good in going to see hans while the snow lasts.” the miller said to his wife, “when people are in trouble they shouldnt be bothered. so ill wait till the spring comes when hes happy to give me flowers.” “youre certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “its quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship.” “couldnt we ask hans up here?” said their son. “ill give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits.” “how silly you are!” cried the miller. “i really dont know whats the use of sending you to school. if hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybodys nature. i am his best friend, and ill always watch over him, and see that hes not led into any temptation. besides, if hans came here, he might ask me for some flour. flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldnt be confused. the words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. everybody can see that.” he looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea. spring coming, the miller went down to see hans. again he talked about friendship. “hans, friendship never forgets. im afraid you dont understand the poetry of life. see, how lovely your roses are!” hans said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter. “ill give you many good things. i think being generous is the base of friendship.” said the miller. “and now, as ill give you many good things, im sure youd like to give me some flowers in return. heres the basket, and fill it quite full.” poor hans was afraid to say anything. he ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the millers basket, imagining the many good things promised by the miller. the next day he heard the miller calling: “hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?” “im sorry, but i am really very busy today.” “well,” said the miller, “considering that im going to give you my things, its rather unfriendly of you to refuse. upon my word, you mustnt mind my speaking quite plainly to you.” poor hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted. one evening hans was sitting by fire when the miller came. “hans,” cried the miller, “my little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and im going for the doctor. but he lives so far away, and its such a bad windy night. it has just occurred to me that you can go instead of me. you know im going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return.” “certainly,” cried hans. he struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the millers house in time to save the boy. however, hans got lost in the darkness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned. at hans funeral, the miller said, “i was his best friend. i should walk at the head of the procession.” every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief. 16. from the passage, we can learn that hans _. a. was extremely wise and nobleb. was highly valued by the miller c. admired the miller very muchd. had a strong desire for fortune17. “flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as _. a. “different words may mean quite different things.” b. “interest is permanent while friendship is flexible.” c. “im afraid you dont understand the poetry of life.” d. “i think being generous is the base of friendship.”18. from the millers talk at home, we can see he was _. a. serious but kind b. helpful and generousc. caring but strict d. selfish and cold-hearted19. whats the main cause of hans tragedy? a. true friendship between them.b. a lack of formal education. c. a sudden change of weather.d. blind devotion to a friend. 20. the author described the millers behavior in order to _. a. entertain the readers with an incredible joking tale b. show the friendship between hans and the miller c. warn the readers about the danger of a false friend d. persuade people to be as intelligent as the miller参考答案1620、cbddc *结束 cfriday, dec5, 2008college students who think all-night study sessions will help them remember facts might want to get some sleep insteadthats the message from a new study that finds that as you sleep, the mind consolidates the things you learn during the daystudy participants who learned how to play a video game in the morning or evening did a better job the next day after a nights rest, apparently because their brains were actively absorbing what theyd learned as they sleptthe finding shows that sleep is not just a passive state when no information is coming in, said howard nusbaum, a professor of psychology at the university of chicagofor the study, the researchers recruited 200 college studentsmost of them werent very familiar with playing video gamessome of the participants learned how to play the games in the morning, while others learned in the eveningthe researchers then tested the subjects on the video games 12 hours later and 24 hours laterthose who took part in the morning training sessions showed an average eight-percentage-point improvement in their performance immediately after trainingthey performed more poorlyscoring four percentage points better12 hours laterbut they scored 10 percentage points better the next morningif we train you in the morning and come back at the end of the day, you forget some of what you learned, nusbaum saidbut if you sleep after that, it restores some of what you learned the students who took part in the evening training sessions performed better the next morning after sleeping, than they did after being trainedthe role that dreams play in the learning processif anyisnt clearbut some dreams could serve as a kind of practice for the brain, nusbaum saidif you play a video game a lot, and youre playing in your dreams, maybe that could help you learnjerry siegel, professor at the center for sleep research at the university of calfornia, los angeles, said going without sleep hurts performance, but hes not convinced that sleep itself actively contributes to learningif you take a break for a few hours, it can easily be shown that learning did occur, because performance is better at the start of a new learning session than it was at the end of the initial session, he saidno sleep needs to occur for this to happen still, siegel suggested that sleep before learning a skill is crucialfor long-term retention, it is more important to be well rested and therefore attentive when you are doing the learning than afterwards, he saidit is even better if you dont have to choose and get your natural amounts of sleep every day 9what does the underlined word want （in paragraph 1） mean? alackbwish cdesiredneed 10what is mainly talked about in this text? athe effect of video games on learningbthe relation between sleep and learningcthe role of dreams in the learning processdthe difference between morning and evening trainings11what would be the best title for the text? asleep strengthens learningbdreams clearly help learningca break before learning is betterdvideo games improve performance12which of the following statements is true according to the passage? atraining in the morning showed better results at onceblearning wont occur during sleeping without dreamscsleeping well helps to absorb what one learneddstudying all night helps to remember more facts参考答案 9-12 dbac *结束 1.（201*山东卷）since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. brain-computer interface(bci) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.recently, two researchers, jose milan and michele tavella from the federal polytechnic school in lausanne, switzerland, demonstrated（展示）a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.in the laboratory, tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band. he could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“our brain has billions of nerve ceils. these send signals through the spinal cord （脊髓）to the muscles to give us the ability to move. but spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles,” tavella says. “our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.” the researchers designed a special cap for the user. this head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. the computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. the wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. they help the computer react to commands from the brain. prof. milan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “the practical possibilities that bci technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. one example is this wheelchair.”he says his team has set two goals. one is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. and the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.a. help to update computer systems b. link the human brain with computersc. help the disabled to recover d. control a persons thoughts 72. how did tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? a. by controlling his muscles. b. by talking to the machine. c. by moving his hand. d. by using his mind.73. which of the following shows the path of the signals described in paragraph 5? a. scalpcomputercapwheelchair b. computercapscalpwheelchair c. scalpcapcomputerwheelchair d. capcomputerscalpwheelchair74. the team will test with real patients to a. make profits from them b. prove the technology useful to them c. make them live longer d. learn about their physical condition75. which of the following would be the best title for the text? a. switzerland, the bci research center b. new findings about how the human brain works c. bci could mean more freedom for the disabledd. robotic vehicles could help to cure brain injuries【解析】：71-75:bdcbc【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道，介绍了brain-computer interface(bci)技术的发明，原理和对残疾人带来的益处。71. b。细节理解题。从第一段第一句话可知。72.d细节理解题。见第二段“tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right band.”。73.c.细节理解题。见第五段描述。74.b细节推断题。见最后一段“to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.”，证明他们可以从中获得的好处。75.c.主旨大意题。本文是新闻文体，因此要关注首段的中心，由首段的第二句话“brain-computer interface(bci) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.”推断选c。*结束2.（201*安徽卷） george prochnik would like the world to put a sock in it. he makes his case in a new book, listening for meaning in a world of noise. here he explains himself (using his indoor voice):“weve become so accustomed to noise, theres almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be beneficial. if you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. but its never been more important to find continuing quiet. silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”“we need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet things down a little. during a japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds become a kind of artthe spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono(和服)brushing against the floor.”“deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. if two deaf people are walking together, using sign language, they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. they are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. even deaf teenagers! we in the hearing world can learn from them. if we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around usof little soft sounds and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). its astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”【文章大意】文章介绍了george prochnik的新著listening for meaning in a world of noise和他的观点：在喧嚣的世界中创造一方不太纷扰的环境，这个世界会更美好。72. what does the phrase “to put a sock in it” in paragraph 1 probably mean?a. to be quiet b. to be colorful c. to be full of love d. to be attentive to someone【解析】选a。词义理解题。根据第二段作者的观点sile