高考英语一轮复习 检测题16(1).doc

检测题16. 阅读理解amention the terms italian culture and renaissance art and one is immediately reminded of the mysterious smile of leonardo da vincis mona lisa. the renaissance period had a deep effect on european culture development. having its beginnings in italy, by the 16th century, it had spread to the rest of europe. its influence was felt in different fields such as philosophy, literature, religion, science, politics, and, of course, art. the scholars of the renaissance period applied the humanist method in every field of study, and wanted human emotion and realism in art. renaissance scholars studied the ancient latin and greek texts, searching the monastic(修道院的)libraries of europe for works of ancient times that had become obscure, in their hunt for improving and perfecting their worldly knowledge. this was completely different from the religion that christianity(基督教)stressed. however, that does not mean that they refused christianity. in fact, much of the greatest works of the renaissance period was devoted to it, with the church supporting a lot of the works of renaissance art. however, there were slight changes in the manner in which the scholars began to treat religion, which affected the cultural life of the society, which in turn influenced the artists of that period and therefore was reflected in their art. in raphaels school of athens, for example, some well-known people were described as classical scholars, with leonardo da vinci being given as much importance as plato in his time. giotto di bondone, 12671337, a florentine, who is regarded as the greatest italian painter just earlier than the renaissance period, is thought to be the first artist who treated a painting as a window into space. however, it was only after the writings of filippo brunelleschi, 13771446, who is considered the first great builder of the italian renaissance, that perspective was formally accepted as an artistic technique. 【文章大意】文章介绍了文艺复兴的发源地意大利在当时的背景下的文化特色和相关艺术家在这个时期的作用。1. what makes italy stand out in a way in world history? a. its artists during the renaissance were numerous. b. it was the center of the european countries. c. it had leonardo da vincismona lisa. d. it was the home to the renaissance. 【解析】选d。推理判断题。第二段第二句话的beginnings in italy, by the 16th century, it had spread to the rest of europe说明意大利正是文艺复兴的发源地, 从而影响整个欧洲。2. the underlined word“obscure”in paragraph 3 most probably means“”. a. meaningless and hard to recognizeb. clear and meaningful to guide peoplec. unclear and difficult to understand or seed. easy to understand but having little meaning【解析】选c。词义猜测题。该题根据语境结合选项进行猜测。句中的the monastic说明这些资料的来源, 和宗教有关的应该是较难理解的, works of ancient times也说明了这一点。3. when was perspective officially received during the renaissance? a. after the completion of leonardo da vincis mona lisa. b. after leonardo da vincis being compared to plato. c. after giotto di bondones paintings were respected. d. after filippo brunelleschis completing his writings. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。最后一段的强调结构里的被强调部分就是本题的解题线索。4. the passage aims to tell us. a. italys renaissance art and artistsb. the famous artists in italys historyc. italys influence on the world in cultured. the hardships during the renaissance in italy【解析】选a。主旨大意题。文章是围绕着意大利在文艺复兴中的文化发展和相关的艺术家展开的。bbritains long-term unemployed could be forced to carry out manual work or risk losing their welfare benefits under plans being put forward by the government. the u. s. -style scheme would see the long-term jobless ordered to take up four-week placements in order to get them used to having a full-time job. the idea is part of major reforms, due to be unveiled this week, to make cuts to britains huge welfare bill, reduce dependency on benefits and weed out those earning money but not declaring it, papers said. “what we are talking about here is people who have not been used to working having both the opportunity and perhaps a bit more of a push as well, to experience the workplace from time to time. the vast majority of people in britain will think that is the right thing to do. ”foreign secretary william hague told bbc tv. shortly after the conservative-liberal democrat union took power in may, work and pensions secretary iain duncan smith unveiled plans to simplify the complex web of benefits available to reduce errors and inefficiencies. duncan smith said the system had become regressive and was not giving people the right encouragement to work as many were financially better off unemployed. under his plans, separate benefits for items such as housing, income support or disability will be replaced by a“universal credit”system whereby(靠那个)individual households would get a single welfare payment to ensure those in work would be better off. the observer newspaper said that in return, long-term unemployed would be told to take up work placements of at least 30 hours a week for a four-week period. if they refuse or fail to complete the programme, their jobseekers allowance, worth 64. 30 pounds a week for those over 25, could be stopped for at least three months. 【文章大意】由于英国的福利过高, 再加上近年来的经济危机造成的高失业率, 越来越多的英国人不愿再去劳心费力地工作, 干脆赖在家里向政府伸手要钱。当局为了减少养“好逸恶劳者”的经费, 出台强制性劳动方案, 要求失业的人从事劳力工作, 以此督促他们积极寻找工作。5. what will the unemployed with welfare benefits face if the major reform takes effect? a. they will lose their welfare benefits if they dont work. b. they will be encouraged to buy their own farms. c. they will do some kinds of jobs. d. either a or c. 【解析】选d。细节理解题。第一段第一句话的carry out manual work or risk losing their welfare benefits说明在新政下“懒汉”们面临的两种选择。6. what will most british people think of the new reform according to william hague? a. they are against it since the unemployed are poor. b. they are for it since the unemployed should keep fit. c. they are for it since its unfair for the employed and unemployed. d. they dont care as therere a few unemployed people having welfare benefits. 【解析】选c。推理判断题。第四段中the vast majority of people in britain will think that is the right thing to do. 说明绝大多数英国人支持新政。7. the underlined word in paragraph 6 most likely means. a. well-receivedb. far-reachingc. old-fashionedd. live-and-let-live【解析】选c。词义猜测题。从该词所在句的was not giving people the right encouragement to work可知即将取消的措施就要过时了。8. what is the aim of britains major reform for the long-term unemployed? a. to reduce the cost of welfare bill with healthy economy system. b. to make them healthier and save cost in medical care. c. to help more people go through financial crisis. d. to increase pay and bonus for those employed. 【解析】选a。主旨大意题。第三段的to make cuts to britains huge welfare bill是直接目的, 最终的目的还是要建立合理健康的福利制度体系。. 完形填空 russ was a lovable kid with a variety of communication challengesa speech impediment(言语障碍), dyslexia(诵读困难), and auditory(听觉的)problems. 1today he is walking confidently, standing tall to make an acceptance2for having been chosen as one of the“outstanding young citizens”in ocean county, new jersey3his remarkable volunteer service in the town of toms river. as i listened, i closed my eyes. i found myself4those memorable moments. my mind was full of warm images of russ as a loving, caring youth, a gentle soul, 5his challenges. and now, as he stood at the platform, i knew his heart6be racing. as russ continued to speak, i thought about the fateful day when he was diagnosed with all those impairments(缺陷)and how7his tutors(家庭教师)would be if they could see him today. here he was twenty-nine, being honored for ten years of service as a volunteer8. russ was9for organizing clothing for the homeless, teaching preschool children about fire safety, and for playing santa claus for very sick children by driving up in a fire truck. russ thanked his parents for providing him with dignity and teaching him about morals. then, pausing for a few seconds, he10us by surprise by touching lovingly on the11of his nephew, austin. austin was just three years old when he died from an incurable disease. at that moment, i had to close my eyes again12a different set of tears ran down my cheeks. a silence13the room as russ owed his volunteer award to austin. he14his address by lifting the audience up with these words, “austin taught me how to love. ”i have never thought of this day. 15, no one had ever thought that russ would make16as the star of the football team, and he had never been voted“most likely to succeed”, but he17to be a true“star”in his community. russ became a man of strong character18his unselfish service to others. with so many impairments, russ now sees and acts19with his heart. his words and deeds inspire everyone who knows him. it is russ, our son, who has shown us what20is. 【文章大意】一位被诊断为有言语障碍、诵读困难和听觉问题的少年敢于面对自己的困难, 最终成为社区的明星, 被授予“优秀年轻市民”称号。那么, 是什么促使他取得这一切的呢? 1. a. andb. whenc. asd. but【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。此句与前一句在逻辑上是转折关系。russ虽然是一个有多种交流障碍的人, 今天却当选为ocean县“优秀年轻市民”, 现在站在台上演讲。2. a. pointb. speechc. calld. appeal【解析】选b。词汇复现题。make an acceptance speech意为“做领奖致辞, 做获奖演讲”。和下文的as russ continued to speak中的speak是同根词。3. a. in spite ofb. regardless ofc. because ofd. in the face of【解析】选c。短语辨析题。russ当选“优秀年轻市民”是因为他卓越的志愿服务。because of因为, 符合上下文语境; a项尽管; b项无视, 不考虑; d项面对着。4. a. recallingb. recordingc. seizingd. expecting【解析】选a。背景常识题。我情不自禁地回忆过去一些难忘的时刻。根据memorable和以下作者回忆的内容, 可知a项正确。5. a. putting up withb. concerning aboutc. escaping fromd. facing up to【解析】选d。短语辨析题。face up to意为“勇敢面对”。作者回想起russ是一个有爱心、乐于助人又温和的人, 他敢于面对自己的交流障碍。put up with忍受; concern about关心; escape from逃避。6. a. couldb. mustc. wouldd. might【解析】选b。逻辑推理题。我想他现在在台上演讲, 心跳一定很快。此处的must表示推测, 意为“一定”。7. a. nervousb. excitedc. proudd. surprised【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。russ小时候被诊断为有言语障碍、诵读困难和听觉问题。现在, 29岁的他被授予荣誉称号, 他的家庭教师们知道后一定会感到自豪(proud)。8. a. policemanb. tailorc. firemand. tutor【解析】选c。逻辑推理题。根据下文的about fire safety和driving up in a fire truck可知russ义务做了10年的消防志愿者。9. a. gratefulb. responsiblec. anxiousd. fit【解析】选b。词语辨析题。russ负责为无家可归者筹备服装、给学龄前儿童讲防火知识等事情。be responsible for. . . 负责10. a. tookb. gotc. shockedd. moved【解析】选a。固定搭配题。take sb. by surprise为固定短语, 意为“使某人吃惊”。11. a. birthb. achievementc. lossd. disease【解析】选c。词汇复现题。loss和后面的died近义。此空前的touch on意为“提及, 谈及”, 他三岁的侄子因为生病而夭折了, 故此处用loss。12. a. sinceb. afterc. whend. before【解析】选d。逻辑推理题。在那一刻, 我不得不再一次闭上眼睛, 以免失态(泪流满面)。13. a. dropped downb. fell o