动态可调光栅的设计.doc

光栅光栅是一张由条状透镜组成的薄片，当我们从镜头的一边看过去，将看到在薄片另一面上的一条很细的线条上的图像，而这条线的位置则由观察角度来决定。如果我们将这数幅在不同线条上的图像，对应于每个透镜的宽度，分别按顺序分行排列印刷在光栅薄片的背面上，当我们从不同角度通过透镜观察，将看到不同的图像。 光栅也称衍射光栅。是利用多缝衍射原理使光发生色散(分解为光谱)的光学元件。它是一块刻有大量平行等宽、等距狭缝(刻线)的平面玻璃或金属片。光栅主要有 狭缝光栅和柱镜光栅两类光栅的分光原理由光栅方程d（sinsin）=m可知，对于相同的光谱级数m，以同样的入射角投射到光栅上的不同波长1、2、2.组成的缓和光，每种波长产生的干涉极大都位于不同的角度位置；即不同波长的衍射光以不同的衍射角出射。这就说明，对于给定的光栅，不同波长的同一级主级大或次级大（构成同一级光栅光谱中的不同波长谱线）都不重合，而是按波长的次序顺序排列，形成一系列分立的谱线。这样，混合在一起入射的各种不同波长的复合光，经光栅衍射后彼此被分开。这就是衍射光栅的分光原理。单轴晶体 光在晶体中传播时，在不平行于光轴方向上，由于e光和o光传播速度不同，而出现两个不同折射率的光的像，这种现象叫做双折射现象。双折射现象有两类，单轴晶体和双轴晶体1。只有一个光轴的晶体就叫单轴晶体。其折射率椭球为旋转椭球体。属于四方晶系、三方晶系和六方晶系的晶体都是光学单轴晶体，常见的单轴晶体有方解石(CaCO3)和石英(SiO2)。参考文献1、陈晓峰,刘伟平,杜戈,易清明,廖常俊,刘颂豪;动态可调谐光纤光栅单/双信道滤波的实现J;光通信研究;2002年05期 2 、刘伟平,杜戈,刘颂豪,郭光灿;DWDM系统光纤光栅分插复用器的设计与实现J;通信学报;2002年12期【1】T. Horiguchi, M. Tateda. Optical-fiber-attenuation investigation using stimulated Brillouin scattering between a pulse and a continuous waveJ. Opt. Lett., 1989, 14(8): 408410【2】G. P. Agrawal. Nonlinear Fiber OpticsM. 3rd ed. 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