现在进行时与一般将来时详解.doc

动词时态之 现在进行时与一般将来时现在进行时1、现在进行时的构成 现在进行时由be+ v- ing构成。be应为助动词，最容易被同学漏掉，它应与主语的人称和数保持一致。2、现在进行时的应用 (1)当句子中有now时，常表示动作正在进行，这时要用现在进行时。如：They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球。(2)以look, listen开头的句子，提示我们动作正进行，这时要用现在进行时。如：Listen！She is singing an English song.听，她正在唱英语歌。(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作，且此时有this week, these days等时间词，这时常用现在进行时。如： We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型。 (4)描述图片中的人物的动作，也为了表达更生动。此时也常用现在进行时。如：Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图，那些孩子正在公园放风筝。 （5）go, come, leave, arrive, land, meet, die, start, return, join, etc. 用于进行时态时表示即将开始的动作。 Look! The bus is coming.看!车来了! The old man is seriously ill, and he is dying. Alice is leaving for Beijing with her mother.（6）与 always, forever, continually, constantly 等副词连用，表示说话人带有感情色彩：赞赏或厌恶。He is always thinking of others.(他总是想着别人。)The boy is continually making noises.(这男孩不断地发出吵闹声。)3、现在分词的变化规则：（1） 一般情况下，直接在动词后加ing work - working sleep - sleeping study - studying （2） 动词以不发音的e结尾，要去e加ing take - taking make - making dance - dancing （3） 重读闭音节的动词，要双写词尾字母，再加ing cut - cutting put - putting begin - beginning （4） 以ie结尾的动词，把变成y再加ing lie - lying tie - tying die - dying4、现在进行时的变化 肯定句式：主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.否定句式：主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它. 一般疑问句：be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它一般将来时英语中表示一般将来时的语法形式有四种：shall/will动词原形；be going to动词原形；现在进行时。一. shall/will动词原形1. will可用于所有人称，但shall 仅表示单纯将来时，用于第一人称I和we，作为will的一种替代形式。以You and I为主语时通常避免用shall。例如：He will be back soon. 他很快就会回来。I shall/will be free on Sunday. 星期天我有空。2. will , shall可用来预言将来发生的事。如说出我们设想会发生的事，或者请对方预言将要发生什么事。例如：It will rain tomorrow. 明天将要下雨。3. will , shall除可表示单纯的将来时以外，还可以带有意愿的色彩，仍指的是将来。例如：Ill buy you a bicycle for your birthday. 你过生日时，我给你买一辆自行车。（表允诺）Shall I get your coat for you? 我可以为你拿外套吗？（表示提议）二. be going to动词原形1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人，也可是物。例如：There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示）Look at those black clouds ! Its going to rain. 看看那些乌云！天快要下雨了。2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意图或决定往往是事先经过考虑的。例如：He isnt going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。3. 只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will互换。例如：I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我认为今晚要下雨。注意：（1）be going to和will在含义和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算；will多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如：He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力学习，准备参加考试。（不能用will替换）Can somebody help me? 谁能帮我一下吗？I will. 我来。（不能用be going to替换）（2）在if之后，通常不用will表示预言，但可以用be going to表示意图。例如：If you are going to go to the cinema this evening , youd better take your coat with you. 你若今晚去看电影，最好带着外套。be going to也常可以用于主句之中。例如：If you invite Jack , theres going to be trouble. 如果你邀请杰克，那就要惹麻烦了。如果表示将来的意愿，will可用于条件从句。此时will为情态动词。例如：If you will learn to play football , Ill help you. 如果你想学踢足球，我可以帮你。三. 现在进行时表示位置转移的动词（如go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，send，move，travel，fly等）和其它几个动作动词（如do，begin，work，spend，play，stay，happen，have，finish，join，eat，die，meet等）常与现在进行时和表示将来的时间状语连用，表示在最近将要发生某事。这些事是事先安排好的。例如：The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫妇要来吃晚饭。What are you doing tomorrow? 明天你做什么？The train is arriving at nine oclock. 火车将在九点钟到。一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时专项练习一、 单项选择题1. _ he _ to the park at 6:30 in the morning? No, he _. A. Does; goes; does B. Does; go; doesnt C. Does; go; does2. What colour _ you _ this bookcase? I _ it pink.A.are; going to paint; am going to paint B.do; paint; paint C.did; paint; painted3. Tim always _ a picture at home. He _ a car now. A. draws; is drawing B. draw; draw C. draws; draw4. She usually _ her friends. They often _ tea. A. see; drink B. sees; drinks C. sees; drink5. He usually _ the dishes at night, but tonight he _ clothes. A. wash; wash B. washes; is going to wash C. is washing; washes6. Mr. Green usually _ his newspaper in the evening, but he and his wife _ television yesterday evening. A. reads; watches B. reads; is going to watch C. reads; watched7. Where are the man and the woman? They _ near the tree. A. sit B. sat C. are sitting 8. _ your pen pal _ diving? No, he _ .He _ writing stories.A. Does; like; doesnt; likes B.Does; likes; doesnt; like C. Do; like; dont; likes9. _ you _ fishing yesterday? No, we _ .A. Does; go; doesnt B. Did; go; didnt C. Do; go; dont10. Open the window, please. Look! He _ it A. opens B. is openning C. is opening11. I usually _ some milk every day. But I _ coffee yesterday.A. drink; drank B. is drinking; drink C. drank; am drinking12. Mr. Green often _ his newspapers at night. But he _ an interesting book tonight. A. reads; reads B. reads; read C. reads; is going to read13. The old man _ playing sports in the park. He _ morning exercise now. A. likes; is doing B. likes; does C. like; doing14. What _ you usually _ in the evening? I _ computer games.What _ you _ last night? I _ a book. A. do; do; play B. did; do; played C. does; do; plays did; do; read do; do; read do; do; am reading15. Where _ the boy _? He _ across the river now. A. does; swim; swims B. is; swimming; is swimming C.is; swimming; is swimming16. _ you _ to music now? Yes, we _. A. Do; listen; do B. Did; listen; did C. Are; listening; are17. Put on you coat, please. OK. I _ it on. A. am putting B. am going to put C. put18. _ you _ coffee? Yes, I _. A. Do; like; do B. Did; like; did C. Are; like; am 19. Look! Two cats _ across the wall. A. run B. runs C. are running 20. She _ tea, but he _. A. likes; doesnt B; like; dont C. like; doesnt21. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rainB. wont rain C. doesnt rainD. doesnt fine22. Jenny _ in an office. Her parents _in a hospitalA work; worksB works; workCwork; are workingD is working; work23. -I dont know if his uncle _. - I think he _ if it doesnt rain.A will come; comes B will come; will come C comes; comes D comes; will come24. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be二、 用动词的正确形式填空1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. It is very cold these days. It （snow）soon.3Tom and Mary (come) to China last month.4 Mike (not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night. So I (get) up late.5. We (not watch) TV last Monday. 6 Mary (read) English yesterday morning.7. - I （get）you a copy of todays newspaper? -Thank you.8. The girl (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. I can take Li Ming there when he (come) to visit.10. There (be) some water in the bottle. 11 What time you (get) to Beijing yesterday?12.What (make) him cry (哭) just now?13. Last year the teacher (tell) us that the earth (move) around the sun.14. I (be) ill. Im staying in bed. 15. I (have) an exciting party last weekend.16. He (get) up at six oclock everyday. 17. We (get) to Beijing at 9:00 this evening.18. There enough milk at home last week, wasnt there? 19. They (be) on the farm a moment ago.20. How many lessons your classmate usually (have) on Monday?21. Jenny (not go) to bed until 11:00 oclock last night .22. There (be) a telephone call for you just now. 23. Jack (not clean) the room just now. 24. - you （be）here tomorrow?-No. I （visit）my teacher.25. Mike sometimes (go) to the park with his sister. 26. Most of us dont think their team （win）.27. There (be not) any hospital in my hometown in 1940. 28. Mike (read) English every day?29. -What day (be) it today? - Its Saturday.30. He (do) his homework every day. But he (not do) it yesterday. 31. -“I need some paper.”- “I (bring) some for you