SUSE安装.doc

SUSE2012年4月8日12:47SUSE10.1的安装01、SUSE10.1通过光盘安装，在安装前必须检验光盘，比如从农行获得的SUSE10.1.ISO其文件就校验错误，其中的kdebase3-3.5.1-69.i586.rpm包始终无法下载，解决办法是将其拷贝到硬盘分区上，然后替换kdebase3-3.5.1-69.i586.rpm包，参考硬盘安装的方式进行安装。02、建议下载SUSE10.1的再次发行光盘进行下载安装，名称形如SUSE-Linux-10.1-GM-DVD-i386.iso，该ISO的文件校验是正常的。03、在VMWare7上无法使用虚拟光驱加载ISO的方式进行安装，也必须进行硬盘安装。04、纯USB方式的安装在该版本不被支持，SUSE11之后有关于制作USB安装盘的说明，参见SuSE install from USB drive。SUSE10尽管可以先将U盘格式为FAT32格式，将DVD光盘内容拷贝到根目录，然后安装BURGFORDOS进行引导(该部分请参考“Burg4Dos引导安装Suse”)，但是其路子还是和硬盘安装一样，关键是安装完后，GRUB被安装到了引导的U盘(在虚拟机上测试如此，实际机器尚未测试)。05、网络安装方式没有测试，但建议还是从本地安装，原因是只要有一个包出错，就前功尽弃了。06、使用硬盘方式有光盘方式安装可以参考“vmSuse10.1GMx86.rar”07、使用硬盘方式时未刻录光盘，可参考“Burg4Dos引导安装Suse”，08、使用老毛桃方式引导进行直接使用光盘进行安装无法继续。即使用老毛桃WinPeu盘版.rar(2012年4月下载)制作一个可启动U盘，在U盘的FAT32区创建一个LMT文件夹，然后将ISO文件拷贝到该文件夹下，以该U盘启动，选择LMT方式，输入ISO的编号可进入安装界面，但是会报告找不到光盘，回退到安装界面，选择硬盘安装，输入ISO镜像位置和名称，报告找不到镜像(似乎SUSE11以后才能支持这种方式，未来有需要再尝试)。09、使用硬盘方式不记录光盘，使用老毛桃方式引导然后选择硬盘安装，安装完成后，GRUB会被安装到引导用的U盘，很讨厌。SUSE11的安装SUSE12的安装vmSuse10.1GMx86.rar2012年3月29日22:06准备工作01、安装VMWARE 702、下载SUSE10.1第二次重新包装发布的ISO，本文中使用的是SUSE-Linux-10.1-GM-DVD-i386.iso注意：01、从农行获得的SUSE10.1.iso光盘MD5校验是错误的，必须将ISO的软件拷贝到硬盘上，替换从网上下载的正确的kdebase3-3.5.1-69.i586.rpm包才可以安装。02、按照经验方法是无法在虚拟机中进行安装的，在包选择的界面上会出现“无法找到编目”的类似错误。因此本流程采用的是模拟硬盘安装的方式，安装完成后，此模拟硬盘可以从虚拟机中删除，实际工作中，如果已有一张安装光盘和农业银行的ISO，也可以使用本虚拟机类似的安装过程。实施安装01、打开VMWare 7,02、按顺序打开菜单FILE-NEW-Virtual Machine.03、在弹出的窗口中，使用默认的“Typical”选项，直接点击“Next”04、点击选中“I will install the operating system later”05、按钮“Next”变为可用，点击之06、选择操作系统类型为Linux，版本选择为“SUSE Linux Enterprise 10”，点击“Next”06、在弹出的窗口中选择存储路径和虚拟机名称，建议如下：Virual Machine Name: SUSE10.1GMLocation:F:VMRunSUSE10.1GM输入完成后点击“Next”07、调整硬盘大小为160G，然后点击“Next”08、在新的窗口中点击“customize HardWare.”在弹出的窗口中调整硬件如下：删除软驱和打印机增加一块虚拟网卡.第一块虚拟网卡设置为桥接第二块虚拟网卡设置为host only点击“OK”返回原窗口，然后点击“Finish”09、编辑虚拟机SUSE10.1GM的设置增加一块5G的SCSI硬盘，命名为INSALLDISK.vmdk注意其位置应该为SCSI 0:1，以保证grub能正确安装到160G硬盘上10、在虚拟机光驱中加载天意U盘维护系统1.8.iso如果是真实机可以用天意1.8U盘启动11、进入默认的WIN2003PE环境12、使用DISKGENIUS进行磁盘分区和格式化，分区如下：160G SCSI盘/dev/sda1 Linux Native(EXT2) 196M 主分区 激活 /boot/dev/sda2 Linux swap 2G 主分区 swap剩余为扩展分区，全部创建为1个分区/dev/sda3 Linux Native(EXT2) /5G IDE盘主分区1个/dev/hda1 5G 激活 FAT3213、关闭虚拟机，关闭VMWare14、使用VD.exe，即LZZ Virtual Driver加载SUSE-Linux-10.1-GM-DVD-i386.iso，使用DiskGenius3.7.1打开虚拟磁盘INSALLDISK.vmdk，将光盘上所有内容，拷贝到/dev/hda1，完成后关闭DiskGenius如果是实际环境，可U盘启动后加载虚拟光驱，然后将光盘内容拷贝到安装分区。也可以把光盘内容全部拷贝到U盘作为安装分区(尚未尝试安装位置)。15、卸载关关闭VD.exe16、编辑虚拟机SUSE10.1GM的设定，将光驱设置SUSE-Linux-10.1-GM-DVD-i386.iso并连接17、启动虚拟机，18、按F2进入虚拟机BIOS，设定为光驱启动优先19、保存设置后重启20、在出现启动选项时，选择Installation21、此步骤中系统会自动进入安装向导22、请注意，在此步骤中选择“Abort”，并确认放弃安装23、连续选择退回，直到以下界面22、选择Start Installation or System选择OK，并回车23、出现二次选择我们是使用默认项，直接回车24、出现安装介质选择23、选择安装介质为从硬盘安装，选择OK，并回车，然后出现24、由于我们只有一个可用分区，在硬盘选项中选择sdb1，选择OK，并回车25、要求输入安装文件路径直接输入根路径即可。26、再次进入安装向导27、选择简体中文，环境自动切换为中文，点击下一步28、同意安装协议，点击下一步29、默认为全新安装方式不修改，点击下一步30、确认加载USB驱动，系统自检安装包31、确认时间和时区，不修改，点击下一步31、选择GNOME为桌面32、进入安装设置页面33、点击“更改”-分区-创建自定义分区-自定义分区(仅限专家)，然后点击下一步34、根据已有分区，设定/boot,swap和/35、点击“完成”，系统自动评估包选择36、点击“接受”，然后同意相关协议，出现确认安装对话框37、点击“安装”，开始进行安装38、安装的总容量大约为2.58G，安装时间约为10分钟39、安装完成，会要求重启，重启前断开虚拟光驱，并设置其在开机时不连接，再确认重启40、系统自动启动进入配置41、主机名设置为suse-jw8s，域名设置为site42、root口令设置为root12343、不检测网卡之外的其它上网设备44、关闭防火墙，点击下一步45、跳过internet连接测试，点击下一步46、认证方式使用本地，点击下一步47、添加用户xujun,口令设置为root123，点击下一步48、经过一系列的配置，点击下一步49、在发行说明页面，点击下一步50、硬件检测页面，跳过所有设备的检测，点击下一步51、设置被保存52、在安装完成页面，点击“完成”53、进入桌面，观察安装情况。54、通过内部菜单关闭虚拟机55、编辑虚拟机SUSE10.1GM的设定，去除INSALLDISK.vmdk的配置56、关闭VMWARE，将INSALLDISK.vmdk移出F:VMRunSUSE10.1GM目录57、打开VMWARE，重新启动虚拟机SUSE10.1GM，观察其启动的正确性。58、通过内部菜单关闭虚拟机，关闭VMWARE，进行备份01、将整个虚拟机备份为vmSuse10.1GMx86.rar，并以此文为注释备注：01、配置新的网卡和打开SSH服务等信息可参考vmSuse10WithSybase15SuSE install from USB drive2012年4月8日12:36注：本文只适用于SUSE11以后的版本Actually, an USB drive is not bootable by itself as special boot files are required. However, the drive can be made bootable quite easily.Contentshide 1Getting ready 2Preparation 2.1Copy files to the USB drive 2.2Make the USB drive bootable 3Installation 3.1Boot 3.2Setup 4Gotchas / Common issues 4.1Why cannot I just use the mkbootdisk shipped with SuSE Linux 4.2The PC wont boot from USB drive 5Links for additional informationGetting readyFor a successful install, you should have: SuSE Linux DVD image for i386 or x86_64 architecture, alternatively aStart-CD-Imagecan be used. This is much smaller and will fit on (almost) any USB drive this modified version of mkbootdisk (add option-nto the linefor (fsck.vfat -v $part 2/dev/null) ) an usb key (mini disk is 80kb, cd 650Mb, dvd 4Gb, key must have the corresponding size) or USB hard drive root access to already installed Linux, and ability to work in a console syslinux installed (use YaST)Preparation Open a root xterm or terminal; Plug in the USB drive. The drive should mount automatically - if you use KDE, you can find out which device name is used for the USB drive, by reading it from the window that opens automatically. The partition has a name such as dev/sdb1. The disk is the device without the trailing digit, e.g., /dev/sdb.You can also use lsscsiand look for a device that matches your USB drive. Check the partition as root type via:fdisk -lor, if you know the diskfdisk -l /dev/The output should have line like/dev/sdb1 * 1 3924 1004528 c W95 FAT32 (LBA)Here FAT32 indicates the filesystem. It could also be FAT16 (or something else). If you see a star (as in the example above), then this means that the bootable flag is set. If the bootable flag is not set (no star), it needs to be set as follows:fdisk /dev/ ( is the disk name, e.g. sdb. Itsnotthe partion name as sdb1). Then press a, and enter the partition number (e.g. 1, if the partition is sdb1). Save the changes with w. If the automount prevents the changes from being saved, you can temporarily disable automount using rcdbus stop as root. If the filesystem is not FAT32, it needs to be changed:fdisk /dev/Then press t (to change the partition type) and c (for FAT32). Save the changes with w. Create the filesystem (beware, this erases all data on the USB drive). To do so you must first unmount the drive:umount /dev/mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/(Here is the partition, for example sdb1). Make sure that the USB drive is FAT32 formatted:fsck.vfat /dev/If this fails, fix the filesystem withfsck.vfat -a /dev/Copy files to the USB drive Choose a suitable mount point for the dvd (for example /mnt/dvd) and a mount point for the USB drive (for example /mnt/usb). Create the mount points withmkdir /mnt/dvdmkdir /mnt/usb Mount the downloaded CD/DVD image (make sure you have loop-device support in your Linux - in openSUSE this is available by default):mount dvd.iso /mnt/dvd -o loopAlso mount the USB drive:mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/usb Copy the downloaded CD/DVD data to the USB drive at the root of the drivecp -R -L /mnt/dvd/* /mnt/usb/ Unmount the USB drive (if not, the command mksusebootdisk will fail)umount /mnt/usbMake the USB drive bootableSee 2nd comment in Discussion-tab if the mksusebootdisk script program does not finish.!Make sure the script is executable:chmod +x mksusebootdiskInstallsyslinuxif it isnt already:zypper install syslinuxRun the script witharchset to32for i386, or64for x86_64. This should work for any architecture e.g. ppc, IA64./mksusebootdisk -arch -partition /dev/ /mnt/dvdThis command works reasonably fast. It will fail if you forgot to unmount (using umount) the USB disk. It will also fail (and give a not a FAT file system error if you press crtl-c) if the drive has errors. To fix the errors, use fsck.vfat -w -r /dev/InstallationBoot Make sure the USB device is plugged in. Boot the PC with USB device as the primary boot device or in the first boot order.This is entirely depends on yourBIOSmenu and configurations. If everything goes well the openSUSE boot menu will appear. From the boot menu, choose Installation to install a new openSUSE system.SetupDuring setup, the install media will not be automatically found. The setup will fall back to text-mode setup where you can choose the install media location.Your media should be in Local hard drive and USB drive should be/dev/sda1or similar. The setup will ask for the ISO file location on the selected drive. Type in the file path and name. Initial/is required, so if your image is at the root of the drive and has name of dvd.iso, you need to type:/dvd.isoGotchas / Common issuesWhy cannot I just use the mkbootdisk shipped with SuSE Linux The stock mkbootdisk is not capable of writing a FAT32 filesystem. Biggest standard/bootable FAT16 partition is 2 gigabytes. That wont hold the DVD image. You could create a non-standard FAT16 of 4 gigabytes, but you wont be able to boot from it. At least most motherboards wont.The PC wont boot from USB driveIf no matter what you try, the machine does not boot from the USB drive: Make sure the PC is capable of booting from USB. This information may be difficult to find from manuals or Internet, sometimes USB booting is not supported regardless how new the PC is. Note:removable drivein the BIOS boot menu does not mean USB BIOS setup should have the plugged in USB device in high enough boot priority, make sure that PC wont boot from hard drive or CD. Some motherboards may have additional restrictions. For example, some Via EPIA mini-itx boards require that the boot partition is no larger than 8MB. Try consulting and/or contributing to theUSB Booting Knowledge BaseLinks for additional information openSUSE download page Loop device article on Wikipedia Recommendations for Booting Windows from USB Storage Devices /index.php?act=ST&f=25&t=49726&st=0#entry244502How to make live USB from windows /2010/02/my-suse-persistent-usb-install.html源文档 Burg4Dos引导安装Suse2012年4月9日11:43该方式比较麻烦，这里记录一下大体的思路准备一个可进行系统维护的U盘，天意1.8，老毛桃什么的。准备一个WinXP干净虚拟机，从网上下载WinLybrug.exe(4.2)版本，在虚拟机内完成安装。插入U盘，然后将C盘根