宾语从句 (2).doc

宾语从句的点点滴滴宾语从句是英语复合句中的其中非常重要的从句之一。它是用一个句子做另一个句子的宾语，将这个句子叫做宾语从句。宾语从句做介词或及物动词的宾语。现在从下列三个方面总结归纳如下：一，引导词A,由that 引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say, think, wish , hope, see, believe, agree, expect, hear , feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。例：I told him that he was wrong.在think,believe, suppose, expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think 等动词变为否定形式。例：I dont think you are right. (我认为你做的不对)在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。例：We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone (我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)由连词if、 whether 引导的表示“是否”的宾语从句。Whether,if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。例：I dont know if/whether he will come tomorrow.The teacher asked if/whether we had finished the experiment.在介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导例：Everything depends on whether we have enough money。宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导.例：I dont know whether the movie star will come or not.和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.例：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.二，宾语从句的语序，宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分例：I believe that they will come soon.He asked me whether I was a teacher.They wanted to know what they can do for us.三，宾语从句的时态。宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。例:1)She says that she is a student.She said that she was a student.2)She says that she will fly to Japan in a week.She said that she would fly to Japan in a week.3)She says that she has finished her homework already.She said that she had finished her homework already.4)She says that she can sing a song in English.She said that she could sing a song in English.如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例：The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. He told me that Japan is an island country.Could you tell me是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。例：Could you tell me when we will visit the Histury Museum?注意事项：由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。例：She said: “I have been to England before.”She said that she had been to England before.She asked me: “Do you like maths?”She asked me if I liked maths.宾语从句与简单句的交换。由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。例：I dont know what I should do next.I cont know what to do next.He didnt know where he would live.He didnt know where to live.DO SOME EXERCISES:1.Can you see_?A. what hes reading B. what is he readingC. what does he read D. he reads what2.Does Jack come from Japan? Do you know?(合并成一个句子)Do you know_Jack _from Japan?3._What did your son say in the letter?_He told me that he_ the Disney would the next dayA.will visit B. has visitedC. is going to visit D. would visit4.He didnt know_A.whats the matter B.what the matter isC. what was the matter D. what the matter was5.Somebody called you just now,but I didnt know_A.who were they B. who they wereC. who was it D. who it was6.I want to know_A.what is his name B. whats his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is7.-Could you tell me _she is looking for?-Her cousin,susan.A.that B.whose C .who D.which8.-What are you searching the Internet for?-Im trying to find out_.A.What is the difference between SARS and BIRDFLUB.How many persons have died in IraqC.How to protect our environmentD.Why is our Chinese team be able to beat Korea9.Do you know_?(谁正在唱歌)10.Do you know_?(她正在和谁谈话)11.Do you know_?(昨天发生了什么事)The keys: 1 A.2 if ,comes.3D. 4 C. 5 D. 6 D. 7 C. 8 B9 who is singing10 who she is talking with11 what happened yesterday一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know .Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6Have you finished your homework yet? Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang.Mr. Zhao asked Ma Gang _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.7How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows?Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture?8Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car?9What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.10Who knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know. I don t know _ _ at the door so loudly.11. Does he still live in that street? I dont know. I dont know _ he still _ in that street.12. Whats his name? I asked him. I asked him what _ _ _.13. When does the train arrive? Please tell me. Please tell me _ _ _ _.14. Do they want fried chicken? He asked the boys. He asked the boys _ they _ fried chicken.15. Was the watch made in Shanghai? I dont know. I dont know _ the watch _ made in Shanghai.二、选择填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( ) 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew_.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris( )5. Could you tell me _?A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )6. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen( )8.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see _A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter( )10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us_, so we need your help.A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _ the computer.A. how check B. to check C. how to check D. to how checking( )13.They dont know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea.A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years.A. how, another B. what, more C. how ,other D. what, another( )16. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA.A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone( )17. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead.A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really dont know if she _ it when she _.A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk.A. that B. where C. which D. what( )20. He asked me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held( )21. In the bookshop , a reader asked the shopkeeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A. that B. how C. what D. if( )22. You must remember _.A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher sayC. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher said( )23. I don”t know _ .A. which room I can live B. which room can I live C. which room I can live in D. which room can I live in( )24.Do you know when he _ back ? Sorry , I don”t . When he _back , I”ll tell you .A. comes ; comes B. comes ; will come C. will come ; comes D. will come ; will come( )25 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take( )26 Mary said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone . had never gone C. has never been D. had never been( )27 The students want to know whether they_ a PE class today.A. had B. has C. will have D. are( )28. Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty? A. who B. what C. when D. that( )29.I dont know _ they have passed the exam. A. what B. if C. when D. where( )30. Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how三、用合适的连接词填空。1. Jim told me _ he didnt go fishing yesterday afternoon.（how, why）2. Do you know _ else is going to be on duty today？（who, whom）3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.（that, if）4. He always thinks _ he can do better.（how, who）5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.（how long, how soon）6. They dont know _ to go or wait. (if, whether)7. We are talking about _ well go back tomorrow. (whether, if)8. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (where, what)9. I dont know _ so many people are looking at him. (how, why)10. Do you know _ you are studying for? (why, what)四、句型转换1. “Do you want to try it?” Toms mother asked him.(同义句)Toms mother asked him _ _ _ to try it.2. I think this is a good idea.（改为否定句） I _ _ this _ a good idea.3. Lucy hasnt decided which trousers to buy.（改为复合句） Lucy hasnt decided _ _ _ _ buy.4. I dont know how I can get to the hospital.（改为简单句） I dont know _ _ _ to the hospital.5. I dont suppose they will come, _ _ ? (改为反意疑问句)五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1. We are sure that he _ (go) to school tomorrow.2. Do you know who _ (be) the first man to walk on the moon?3. Could you tell me where the post office _ (is)?4. Our father said that he _ (will) buy a new computer.5. I hear that he _ (swim) in the sea yesterday.6. The little boy tells us where his father _ (work).7. He said that he _ (finish) his work already.8. They thought they could _ (hike) to the top of the mountain.9. He was glad that so many people _ (help) him.10. She doesnt know whether _ (go) or wait.宾语从句专项训练（二）一从下列A、B、C、D中选择一个正确选项填空。1I dont know _ he will come tomorrow_ he comes，Ill tell youAif；Whether Bwhether；Whether Cif；That Dif；If2I dont know _ the day after tomorrowAwhen does he come Bhow will he comeCif he comes Dwhether hell come3Could you tell me _ the nearest hospital is？Awhat Bhow Cwhether Dwhere4Could you tell me _ the radio without any help？Ahow did he mend Bwhat did he mendChow he mended Dwhat he mended5I want to know _ Awhom is she looking after Bwhom she is lookingCwhom is she looking Dwhom she is looking after6Do you know where _ now？Ahe lives Bdoes he live Che lived Ddid he live7Do you know what time _ ？Athe train leave Bdoes the train leaveCwill the train leave Dthe train leaves8I dont know _ Can you tell me，please？Ahow the two players are old Bhow old are the two playersCthe two players are how old Dhow old the two players are9The small children dont know _ Awhat is their stockings in Bwhat is in their stockingsCwhere is their stockings in Dwhat in their stockings10I cant understand _ Awhat does Christmas mean Bwhat Christmas does meanCwhat mean Christmas does Dwhat Christmas means11 The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A. took B. take C. takes D. will take12 Catherine said that she _ to Guangzhou.A. has never gone B. had never goneC. has never been D. had never been13 The students want to know whether they_ dictation today.A. had B. has . C. will have D. are14 She asked Linda if_ go and get some.A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may15 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A. travelled B. has travelled C. travells D. had travelled16 Can you tell me_ you were born, Betty?A. who B. what C. when D. that17 I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A. what B. if C. when D. where18 I hardly understand_ he has told me.A. that B. what C. which D. who19 She didnt know_ back soon.A. whether he would be B. if would he be C. he will be20 I dont know _ he still lives here after so many years.A. whether B where C. what D.when21 Do you know _ they listened to yesterday evening?A. what B when C why D how22 He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D whose23.They dont know _their parents are.A that B what C why D which24.Please tell me _what last year.A.where does your sister work B where did your sister workC where your sister works D where your sister worked25.She asked me if I knew _.A. whose pen is it B. whose pen it wasC. whose pen it is D. whose pen was it26. You must remember _.A. what your mother said B. what did your mother sayC. your mother said what D. what has your mother said27 Did you know _?A. who he was looking after B. who was he looking forC. who he is looking for D. who he is looking after28 Could you tell me _?A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave BeijingC. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing29.What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you were free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring30 Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry31 Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car32 Peter knew _.A. whether he finishes reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris33 Teacher said that the earth _ round the sun.A. move B. moved C. moves D. moving34 My friends said Amy _ a white blouse in the fashion show.A. is wearing B. was wearing C. wears D. wear35Jack told me _.A. where will he go B. where would he goC. where he would go D.where he will go36 I want to know _?A. She whether is coming or not B. whether she is coming or notC. if she is coming or not D. weather she is coming or not37 We must find out _A. does she do all this B. if she do all thisC. who did all this D. did she do all this38 Now in the word , people wear _A. what they like B. what did they like C. what do they like D. they like what39 I dont know _ I am free this afternoon.A. weather B. if C. when D that40 The teacher said the sun _(rise) in the east.A. rain B. rains C. raining D. to rain二. 根据汉语句子的意思完成下列英语句子1. 李明说他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games.2. 我认为玛丽不回来了。I dont think Mary _ _.3. 山姆给我说他准备去上海。Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.4. 请你告诉我去钟楼怎麽走吗？Could you tell me _ I canget to the Bell Tower?5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑。Father said that he _ _ a new computer.6. 我想知道今天晚上还有没有去北京的火车。I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？Do you know _ _ a double room _?8. 请你告诉我我们外出多长时间好吗？Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away?9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说。Uncle said that he _ _ a new novel.10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做。Jack said he _ something important to do.三.将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1.These flowers are from Guangdong. He said.He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.2. Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me.My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.3.There will be a meeting in five days. Jack didnt know.Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.4.Can they speak French? I want to know.I want to know _ _ _ _ French.5.Are the children playing games? Tell me.Tell me _ the children _ _ games.6.Did you finish your homework? Mr. Zhao asked Ma