人教版八年级英语上册1-5单元知识点(词汇+句型+固定搭配).doc

Unit 1 How often do you exercise?词汇:1. how often: 多久一次 7. health: 健康， 12. on weekends: 在周末 how many: 多少+可数名词 healthy：健康的 13. once a week：一周一次2. always(100%)- 总是 unhealthy: 不健康， twice a week：一周两次usually(80%) 通常 keep/stay healthy three times a month: 一月三次often(60%)- 经常 = keep/stay in good health: 保持健康 14. most: 大部分的，绝大多数的sometimes(40%)- 有时候 8. get good grades: 取得好成绩 all: 所有的hardly ever(20%)- 几乎不 9. the same as: 与不同 15. be good for: 对有益never(0%) 从不 10. a lot of = lots of: 大量，许多 + 可数/不可数名词 be bad for: 对有坏处3. surf the internet: 上网 a lot = very much: 十分,非常，很 16. how many: 多少, +可数名词4. as for: 至于，关于 11. maybe: 也许，大概 how much: 多少，+不可数名词5. junk food: 垃圾食品 may be: 也许是，或许是（may是情态动词，be是动词原形） how much 多少钱，（问价格）6. look after = take care of：照顾 12. little: 小的，a little boy: 一个小男孩 17. of course = sure 当然 look for: 寻找 little: 少，little少less更少least最少（修饰不可数名词） look up: 查找（单词、信息） little: 几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词） look at: 看 a little: 少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词） few: 几乎没有，否定词（修饰可数名词） a few少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰可数名词）句型：1. How often do you exercise? I exercise three times a week. How often does she shop? She shops once a month.2. What do you usually do on weekends? I usually watch TV. How often does she watch TV? She watches TV everyday.3. How many hours do you sleep every night? 你每晚睡几个小时？ I sleep nine hours every night. How many books do you have? 你有多少本书？ I have 5 books.How much is the sweater? 这件毛衣多少钱？How much water do you have? 你有多少水？ (how much: 多少，后面+不可数名词, water是不可数名词)4. Whats your favorite program? 你最喜欢的电视节目是什么？ Its Animal World.固定搭配：try to do sth.: 尽力做某事，设法做某事 try doing sth.: 试着做、尝试做某事help sb. (to) do sth: 帮助某人做某事(to可以省略)want sb. to do sth.: 想要某人做某事Unit 2 Whats the matter?词汇:1. have a cold 感冒 9. few: 几乎没有，否定词（修饰可数名词） have a fever 发烧 a few少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词）have a stomachache 肚子痛 little: 几乎没有,否定词（修饰不可数名词）have a headache 头疼 a little: 少许，有一点，肯定词（修饰不可数名词）have a toothache 牙齿疼 10. at the moment = now 现在，此刻have a sore throat 喉咙疼 11. host family 寄宿家庭 have a sore back 背部酸疼 12. notuntil 直到时候才2. lie down and have a good rest 躺下好好休息 13. should 应该，情态动词，后+动词原形3. hot tea with honey 加了蜂蜜的热茶 should not=shouldnt 4. ill 病了的 illness 疾病 14. see a doctor 看医生5. advice 建议（不可数名词） see a dentist 看牙医some advice(不能加”s”) 15. too many太多，修饰可数名词 too many students6. be stressed out 有压力的，紧张的 too much太多，修饰不可数名词 too much yin7. balance 平衡 balanced 平衡的 much too 太，much too big 太大 a balanced diet 平衡的饮食 16. stay=keep 保持 on a diet 节食 keep/stay healthy8. get 变得 = keep/stay in good health: 保持健康 get angry 变得生气 get tired 变得劳累句型：1. Whats the matter with you? = Whats the trouble with you? = Whats wrong with you? 你怎么了？ I have a cold/ have a toothache/ have a sore throat.2. Whats the matter? She has a cold. 3. Does he have a cold? Yes, he does.4. A: Whats the matter? B: Im not feeling well.(此处不能用good) I have a cold. A: When did it start? B: About two days ago. A: Thats too bad. You should drink lots of water. B: Yes, I think so. A: I hope you feel / get better soon. 我希望你尽快好起来5. A: I have a cold B: I am sorry to hear that. (当听到对方不好的消息时使用此句)固定搭配：It is + 形容词 + (for sb.) to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是的例句： It is easy for me to learn (learn) English. 对我来说学英语是容易的 It is interesting to watch (watch) Animal World. 看动物世界时有趣的Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?本单元用 现在进行时态 表示将来的事情 现在进行时态，即 be + doing:词汇:1. go camping 去野营 6. a lot = very much 十分、非常、很 2. A: What are you doing for vacation? go fishing 去钓鱼 a lot of = lots of 许多、大量 B: I am going camping. go shopping 去购物 7. away 向远处、离开 A: That sounds nice. go swimming 去游泳 go away 离开 Who are you going with? go hiking 去远足 B: I am going with my parents. go bike riding 去骑单车 8. stay: 留、停留、呆 go sightseeing 去观光旅游 3. Linda is going to Tibet next summer. (划线提问)2. how long 多久、多长时间 句型： Where is Linda going next summer? 3. get back 回来 get back to school 1. What are you doing for vacation? 4. Hes going on the 12th. (划线提问)4. be famous for 以而闻名 I am visiting my grandparents. When is he going?5. leave for 离开去地方 What is your brother doing for vacation? leave (过去式) left He is going camping. 5. Im staying there for a week. (划线提问) left: 左边、离开 How long are you staying?6. 当听到对方提出的建议，如：What about playing basketball? How about taking a walk with me? Why not go to the movie? 为什么不去看电影？ I am going camping.等句子时，回答可用以下句型： That sounds nice/ good/ interesting/. Thats a good idea. / Good idea. That sounds like a good idea./ Great等.7. 当听到对方要去旅行或是准备出行时，如：I am going to Hongkong for a week. I am going hiking in the mountains.时，回答一般用以下句型：Have a good time!8. 询问天气： How is the weather? 或是 Whats the weather like?9. 询问某人的职业：What do you do? What are you? Whats your job? 你的工作是什么？ What does your mother do? What is he? 他是干什么的？ 10. 询问某人的性格：What are you like? I am outgoing/ shy/ quiet. What is he like? 他是个什么样的人？ He is outgoing/ shy/ quiet. 他很外向/害羞/安静10. 询问某人长的什么样子：What does he look like? 他长的什么样子？ He is of medium build/height. 他中等身材/身高. What does your father look like? He is tall. 他很高11. 询问某人喜欢什么： What do you like? 你喜欢什么？ I like basketball. 我喜欢篮球固定搭配：1. finish doing sth 完成做某件事 例：I finished doing my homework. 我完成了我的家庭作业Unit 1-3 单元 课本语法知识 & 在讲解畅优新课堂时补充的语法知识点与固定搭配：1. 情态动词 后+动词原形 (do)已学情态动词：can 能够, must 必须, should 应该, may 也许. would 想，会 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事2. 介词后若接动词，则接动词的ing形式： 常见的：what about + doing sth? 做怎么样？ 常接doing的固定搭配：1. like doing sth 喜欢做某事 2. enjoy doing sth 享受做某事 3. have a good/ have fun in doing sth 做某事玩的很开心 4. finish doing sth 完成做某件事 5. spend +(时间、金钱、精力) doing sth 花时间、金钱、精力做某事 = spend +(时间、金钱、精力) on sth3. 不定式，即：to do 常接不定式的固定搭配： want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 would like to do sth 想做某事 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 ask sb to do sth 要求某人做某事 plan to do sth 计划做某事 decide to do sth 决定做某事 need to do sth 需要做某事 forget to do sth 忘记做某事 try to do sth 尽力做某事4. 不定代词 + 形容词 结构例： something interesting 一些有趣的事情Unit 4 How do you get to school?词汇:1. get to: 到达 arrive at: 到达 + 小地点（学校、医院）arrive in: 到达 + 大地点（城市、国家、地区）reach: 到达2. take the bus = by bus：坐公交车 8. how long: 多久， how far：多远 13. taketo 把带到3. take the train = by train： 坐火车 9. fromto 从到 14. from: 离的距离4. take the subway = by subway：坐地铁 10. think of: 认为 think about: 考虑 15. not all: 不是所有5. ride ones bike = by bike： 骑单车 11. around the world = all over the world: 全世界6. walk = on foot：走路 12. be different from: 与不同 16. morethan：比更， than: 比7. depend on: 视而定，决定于，依靠 17.other 其他的，形容词 18. than 比others 其他的人或其他的事 19. morethan 比更，形容词比较级的用法the other 两者中的另一个，单数概念 the others 两部分中的另一部分，复数概念another 另外一个，另外的，第三个的句型：1. How do you get to school? I take the bus. / I go to school by bus.How does she get to school? She takes the bus. / She goes to school by bus.2. How long does it take? It takes about/around 10 minutes. It takes about 25 minutes to walk and 10 minutes by bus.How long does it take you to get from home to school? It takes 25 minutes.3. How far is it from your home to school? Its 3 miles./10 kilometers.4. What do you think of? = how do you like? 你认为怎么样？ 5. How far do you live from school?你住的离学校有多远 I live 10 miles from school. 6. Can I help you? May I help you? Yes, please.固定搭配：1. It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 例句：It takes me 20 minutes to walk (walk)2. need to do sth. 需要做某事3. morethan 比更，形容词比较级的用法4 形容词的比较级&最高级： 规则变化：比较级：形容词尾+“er”，最高级：+“est”，例：big bigger the biggest 不规则变化：三个音节及以上的形容词（比较长的形容词），比较级：前面+more, 最高级：前面+most，例：popular 流行的 more popular更流行的 the most popular 最流行的 最高级前面+“the” 例：This classroom is bigger than that one. 这件教室比那间大 This classroom is the biggest. 这间教室是最大的Unit 5 Can you come to my party?词汇：1. other 其他的 The