高考英语一轮复习课本回归早读晚练[4].doc

英语备课大师网 收集整理 欢迎使用高考英语课本回归早读晚练4早读：.词汇短语过关1burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发 n. 突然破裂；爆发burst out 迸发；突然发作；突然起来burst into 闯入；突然出现；突然起来；突然发作burst into tears/songs/laughter/angry speech 突然哭/唱/笑/吵起来burst out crying/singing/laughing突然哭起来/唱起来/笑起来burst in 闯入burst with anger/grief/joy 勃然大怒/心痛欲绝/乐不可支be bursting to do 渴望，急着要做(某事)at a(one) burst 一阵；一口气；一举；一下a burst of anger 怒火的迸发即学即练1(1)She burst out _ for a while, and burst into _ for another moment, which made us at a loss.她一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又突然笑起来，这使我们一头雾水。(2)We all thought his heart would burst _ _.我们都认为他心中的快乐快要爆发出来了。(3)The police _ and arrested the gang.警察突然闯进来逮捕了那帮人。答案是：crying；laughter；with；happiness；burst in(4)Tom is bursting _ his mother.汤姆急着要见他的妈妈。(5)There was _ laughter in the next room.隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。答案是：to see；a burst of2ruin n. U毁坏；毁灭，崩溃C(pl.) 废墟，遗迹 v. (使)破产，(使)堕落，毁灭in ruins 成为废墟；破败不堪be the ruin of 成为毁灭(堕落)的原因come/fall to ruin 毁灭，灭亡；崩溃；破坏掉bring sb. to ruin 使某人失败；使倾家荡产bring ruin upon oneself 自取灭亡ruin oneself 自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame 毁坏某人的健康/名誉即学即练2(1)Drink was his fathers _ and it will be the _of him too.酗酒是他父亲失败的原因，他也将遭同样的厄运。(2)Years of fighting have left the area _.多年的战事已经使得这个地区满目疮痍。(3)A large number of churches _ after the revolution. 革命过后，许多教堂都毁了。(4)The heavy rain _.大雨把我们的假期彻底搞糟了。(5)If you go on like this, youll _.如果你继续这样下去，你会自己毁了自己。答案是：ruin ruin；in ruins；fell to ruin；ruined our holiday；ruin yourself3injure vt. 损害，伤害injury n. 伤，伤口；伤害injured adj. 受伤的，受委屈的do an injury to sb.伤害某人the injured伤员an injured look/expression委屈的样子/表情injured pride/feelings受到伤害的自尊/情感即学即练3(1)The boy _ his leg.这个男孩把腿弄伤了。(2)Your remark may _ her pride.你的话也许会伤她的自尊。(3)I didnt mean to _ her _.我并未打算伤害她。答案是：injured；injure；do an injury4shock n. U；C打击；震惊；震动；休克 vt. 使震惊，使惊愕be shocked at/by (doing) sth. 被震惊be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事It shocked sb. to see/hear.看见/听到使某人震惊。(be) a shock to sb. 对某人来说是个打击即学即练4(1)The news of his wifes death was _ him.他妻子去世的消息对他打击太大了。(2)He _ her smoking.看到她在吸烟，他很吃惊。(3)_ to see how my neighbours treated their children.看到邻居们如何对待孩子，我感到震惊。答案是：a terrible shock to；was shocked at；It shocked me提示：shocked adj. 感到惊奇的，惊讶的(主语多为人) shocking adj. 令人气愤的，令人惊讶的(主语多为物)5bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏bury oneself in study 埋头研究bury oneself in (doing) sth. 专心致力于(做)某事be buried in thoughts 沉思bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面be buried alive 被活埋；隐居即学即练5(1)He was sitting with his head _in a book.他坐着埋头看书。(2)He walked slowly, his hands _ in his pockets.他走得很慢，两手插在衣袋里。(3)After the divorce, she _ her work.离婚后，她埋头于工作。答案是：buried；buried；buried herself in提示：表示“专心于，致力于”意义的短语还有：be devoted to, be addicted to, be absorbed in等。6judge v. 断定；判断；判决n. 裁判员；法官；评判员judgement n. 判断，审判，意见，判断力judging by/from 从上看，根据判断judge sb./sth. from/by. 从来判断judge between right and wrong 判断是非as far as I can judge 据我判断，我认为in ones judgement 依某人看来，按某人的看法即学即练6(1)Dont _ a book _ its cover. 勿以貌取人。(2)_ his accent, he must be a southerner.根据他的口音判断，他一定是个南方人。(3)He _ the best actor of this year.他被评为今年的最佳男演员。答案是：judge by；Judging from/by；Was judged to be7right away立刻，马上(1)表示“立刻，马上”的短语without delay/right now/immediately/at once/in no time/right off(2)比较right away/right nowright away“立刻，马上”，相当于at once, in no time。right now“立即，马上；此时此刻”，后一意义比now的语气强，相当于at this very moment。即学即练7(1)I want it to be sent _.马上把它发出去。(2)He cleaned the room _.他立即开始打扫房间。(3)Hes not in the office _.他现在不在办公室。答案是：right away；right away；right now8at an end 终止；结束bring.to an end (使)结束，终止come to an end 结束，终止at the end of 在尽头(末)by the end of 到末为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后，终于(后不加 of短语)on end 一连，连续to the end 到底without end 没完没了make ends meet 收支相抵即学即练8(1)The year is _.这一年已到年终了。(2)The meeting _.会议结束了。(3)Go straight and youll find the hospital _ the road.一直往前走，你会在这条路的尽头找到这家医院。(4)They argued for two hours _.他们一连辩论了两个小时。答案是：at an end；came to an end；at the end of；on end9a (great) number of 许多；大量的a large/great/good number ofa great/good manya good fewquite a few可数名词复数many a more than one单数可数名词单数谓语动词a great/good deal ofa great/large amount oquite a little不可数名词a lot/lots ofa great/large quantity oflarge quantities ofplenty of可数名词复数或不可数名词即学即练9(1)There _ (be) a great number of books in the shelves.(2)The number of guests invited _ (be) 50, but a number of them _ (be) absent for the heavy rain.(3)Quantities of water _ (be) polluted now.(4)A great deal of oil _ (be) poured into the sea and did great harm to creatures in the water.(5)Many a famous writer _(be) an alumnus(撰搞人) of a local newspaper.答案是：are；was；were；are；was；is提示：(1)a number of是“许多，大量”的意思，后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。the number of 是“的数目”的意思，谓语动词用单数。(2)large quantities of (pl.)/U做主语，谓语动词用复数。large amounts ofU n做主语，谓语动词用复数。易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. ruin/destroy/damage(1)ruin n. & vt. 表示破坏严重，强调渐渐毁坏了，多指不属于人为因素毁坏某事物，而是自然现象或客观原因改变。有“(使)破产，(使)毁灭”等意思。(2)destroy vt. 指彻底毁坏，以致不能修复，常作“破坏，毁灭”解，还有“打破(希望、计划)”之意。(3)damage n&v. 表示使事物在价值、效用、外观等方面受到毁坏、损害，即部分受损，程度比 destroy 轻。应用1(1)The car was only slightly _ in the accident.这辆车在事故中只受到轻微的损坏。(2)That will _ the reputation of our products.那会毁了我们产品的声誉。(3)The crops are nearly _ by the continuous rain.连续不断的雨水几乎毁坏了这些农作物。答案是：damaged；destroy；ruined2. injure/wound/hurt/harminjure 一般指由于意外或事故而造成伤害，也可以表示损害名誉、伤害感情等。wound 指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤，是出血的、严重的伤，特指战场上受伤。hurt 是一般用语，指肉体或精神上的伤害，常伴有强烈的疼痛感；还可表示“疼、痛”。harm 用于肉体或精神上的伤害均可。有时可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。应用2(1)The robber _ him with a knife.那强盗用刀刺伤了他。(2)These criticisms have _ his pride deeply.这些批评使他的自尊心深深地受到了伤害。(3)Two people have been badly _ in the accident.有两个人在这次事故中严重受伤了。(4)Dont _ your eyes by reading in dim light.不要在昏暗的灯光下看书，以免损伤眼睛。答案是：wounded；hurt/injured；injured；harm晚练：自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1_(祝贺) to you on your winning the contest.2Thousands of people died in the _(灾难)3His sudden death was a great _ (震惊) to his family.4He was one of the _(裁判员) at the boxing match.5The car was _(陷入) in the mud and couldnt get out.答案是：Congratulations；disaster；shock；judges；trapped6The firemen r_ three women from the burning house.7They are in desperate need of food, clothing and s_.8Dont leave the lights onit wastes e_9The miners were b_ alive when the tunnel collapsed.10He was too nevous to e_ himself in front of the girl.答案是：rescued；shelter；electricity；buried；express .单项选择1Have you heard of DP.R. Koreas nuclear test?Yes, _ news came as _shock to me.Athe; aBthe; the Ca; a Da; the答案：A解析：考查冠词。第一空特指上文的消息用 the；第二空用a表示“一个震惊”。2Before the firemen arrived, the whole wooden building had already been _ in the big fire.Ainjured Bwounded Cdamaged Ddestroyed答案：D解析：表示“房屋被烧毁”用 destroy。3I was riding along the street and all of a sudden, a car cut in and knocked me down.You can never be _ careful in the street.Amuch Bvery Cso Dtoo答案：D解析：考查 never.too.表示“再也不为过；越越好”。4At least 203 miners were killed, 22 _ and 13 _ in a coal mine gas explosion on Monday afternoon in Fuxin.Ainjuring; trapping Binjured; trapped Cinjured; trapping Dinjuring; trapped答案：B解析：考查过去分词。两空都与 were killed并列，故填过去分词形式。5_ the way he laughed as he told it, it was meant to be humorous.AJudged from BHaving judged from CJudging from DAfter having judged from答案：C解析：judging from为固定用法，“从判断”的意思。6(2010山东潍坊质量监测)Her books were all over the dining table, _ meant we had to eat in the kitchen.Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dit答案：A解析：考查定语从句。语意为：她的书摆满了餐桌，这就意味着我们必须在厨房吃饭了。which引导的是非限制性定语从句，代替主句所表达的整个内容。故选A项。7(2010四川绵阳中学)When a boy with dirty spots on the face came in, people present all burst _ laughing while he burst _ tears.Ainto; in Binto; out Cout; into Dout; in答案：C解析：考查固定搭配。句意：当一个满脸脏兮兮的男孩进来时，在场的人都笑起来，而他却哭起来。burst out laughing表示“突然大笑起来”，burst into tears表示“突然大哭起来”，都是固定搭配。8His head was _ in the book he was reading.Adevoted Baddicted Cburied Dabsorbed答案：C解析：bury oneself/ones head in“埋头于，专心于”。be addicted tobe devoted tobe absorbed in“专心于”，其主语皆为人。9This year an increased number of drivers _ for driving after drinking.Ahave punished Bhave been punished Chas punished Dhas been punished答案：B解析：“a number of复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数，此句中应用被动语态。10The tsunami killed _ people in South and Southeast Asia.Aten thousands Bten thousands of Ctens of thousand Dtens of thousands of答案：D解析：tens of thousands of 意为“数以万计的”。11There seems _something wrong with the car. I cant start it.Aas if Bthat Cto be Dto have答案：C解析：考查 seem的用法，用在 there be句型中，故用 There seems to be.12He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse.Auntil Bwhen Cbefore Das答案：C解析：考查 before 引导时间状语从句。13(2010福建六校三联)On Christmas Eve, the English evening _ singing the song The Unforgettable Tonight.Acame up Bdrew up Cran up Dended up答案：D解析：考查动词词组辨析。come up“出现，发生”；draw up“起草”；run up“积欠(债务等)”；end up“结束”。语意：圣诞前夜，英语晚会以歌曲难忘今宵结束。因此，D项正确。14_ he is doing an operation on the patient; please dont disturb him.ARight away BRight now CIn no time DAt once答案：B解析：四个短语都有“立即，马上”之意，但right now还有“现在，此时此刻”之意。句意为：他目前正在给病人做手术，请不要打扰他。15We cant have lunch at the restaurant, because _.Aall of us dont have money Bnot all of us have money Ceveryone of us dont have money Dnone of us has money答案：D解析：考查部分否定与全部否定。A、B、C均为部分否定，D项为全部否定，据题意选D。 .阅读理解Last year, I lived in Chile for half a year. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didnt understand.Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to. There were lots of dogs on the streets, and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often; earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldnt speak the thoughts in my head and there were so many.Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite (食欲). I was required to overcome all the difficulties.As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math, physics, chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.1. The author went to Chile last year with the purpose of _.A. paying a visit to Chile as a tourist B. experiencing Chilean life as a teacherC. studying Chilean culture as a college studentD. studying knowledge as an exchange student答案及解析：1. D。细节理解题。综合第三段的“I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class.”和第四段的“Most exchange students experience this like me.”可判断作者是一名交换生。2. On arriving in Chile, why did the author feel frightened?A. Because he did not know how to get along with the local people.B. Because it was full of dangers like earthquakes and windstorms.C. Because its living conditions were worse than what he was used to.D. Because it was not convenient for him to shop there.答案及解析：2C。细节理解题。文章第二段提到：“It was so different from what I was used to.” 再从街道环境、购物环境、娱乐设施、自然条件等方面描写智利比较差的生活条件，由此可知作者是因为智利生活条件比他原先习惯的生活差许多而产生恐惧心理。3. In the first week in C