香料配料的合成传统工艺.doc

香料配料的合成传统工艺随着生活水平的提高，消费者对食品、饮料的口味、口感要求越来越高，这就需要大量使用香精、香料来迎合消费者，促进了食品企业对香精香料的应用。食用香精在食品配料中所占的比例虽然很小，但却对食品风味起着举足轻重的作用。国际知名咨询公司Freedonia于去年5月底的研究成果表明：预计从20062008年，发展中国家对香精和香料的需求，将以年均4.4%的速度快速增长，到2008年该市场的份额 将达到186亿美元。而亚太地区(不包括日本)对香料和香精的需求特别强劲，未来几年有望以年均7.3%的增速快速增长。发展中国家人均收入增加，对消费品质量要求有很大提高。随着全球消费者越发注重健康，市场对营养和健康食品的需求也日益增加。因此，由于预计低糖低脂食品和饮料市场将迎来强劲增长，全球消费者对食用香精和香料的需求也必将不断增加。香料配料市场需求量的继续增长，还主要源于化妆品生产，在发达国家和地区，消费者的护肤化妆品消费呈上升趋势。羧酸酯类香料作为优良的可食用香料品种其需求也必将不断激增。With the improvement of living standards, consumers for food and beverage taste, taste demand is higher and higher, which requires heavy use of herbs, spices to cater to consumers, to promote the application of flavoring food enterprises. Flavours in food ingredients, although the proportion is very small, but it plays an important role in food flavor. International consulting company Freedonia at the end of may last year research results show that: from 2006 to 2008, according to the developing countries demand for flavors and spices, rapid growth will be at an average annual rate of 4.4%, by 2008 the market share will reach $18.6 billion. And the asia-pacific region (excluding Japan) particularly strong demand for flavor and fragrance, the next few years is expected to be at an average annual 7.3% growth rapid growth. Developing countries, per capita income increases, for consumer goods has a lot to improve the quality requirements. As the consumers increasingly pay attention to health, global markets, the demand for nutrition and health food is also increasing. Therefore, due to the low sugar low fat food and beverage market is expected to usher in a strong growth, global consumer demand for edible flavor and spice will also continue to increase. Perfume ingredients market demand continues to grow, but also stem from cosmetics production, in the developed countries and regions, consumers of skincare cosmetics consumption is on the rise. Carboxylic acid esters flavor as excellent edible spices varieties will also continue to surge in the demand. 羧酸酯类香料的主要生产和消费国有美国、西欧、日本、墨西哥和中国等，国内食品、饮料生产企业中目前应用最多的添加剂就是香精香料，随着消费者对于味觉享受越来越高，这种趋势会对香料需求产生积极影响。香料产品是香料工业的上游产品，是后续香精产品的原料，香料和香精产品是其他有关产品的配套性产品，它们被广泛地用于日化、食品、医药、饲料等工业产品的生产。据了解，饮料行业是香料最主要的应用领域，该领域2005年的香料消费份额达31.1%。就各地区而言，美国、日本和西欧地区目前统领香料消费市场。香料市场未来的发展大部分可能会出现在亚太地区，尤其是中国和印度这些发展中国家。这将进一步刺激香精香料市场的快速发展。我国目前在世界香料市场中所占份额仅5%左右，日本所占份额达到12%，而美国则达到20%。Carboxylic acid esters flavor of the main state-owned production and consumption such as the United States, Western Europe, Japan, Mexico and China, in the domestic food and beverage production enterprise is the most used additives flavoring, as consumers to taste to enjoy more and more high, this trend would have a positive impact on demand for spices. Spices product is perfume industry upstream products, is the follow-up essence products of raw materials, flavors and fragrances products is the sex of other related products, they are widely used in daily chemical, food, medicine, feed and other industrial products. According to understand, beverage industry is the main field of application of spices spices consumption share of 31.1% in 2005 in this field. In terms of regions, the United States, Japan and Western Europe is currently at the head of the spices consumer market. Spice market future development may appear in the asia-pacific region for the most part, these developing countries especially China and India. Which will further stimulate the flavors and market development. In our country at present in the world perfume market share of only 5%, Japan accounted for 12%, while 20% of the United States. 2. 羧酸酯类合成的传统工艺2. The carboxylic acid ester synthesis of traditional process 传统上羧酸酯类的合成都是用浓硫酸作催化剂，由相应醇与酸酯化而得。但由于通风除尘设备浓硫酸作催化剂合成酯化反应具有以下缺点：（1） 在酯化反应条件下，浓硫酸的氧化性和强脱水性易导致一系列副反应，给产品的精制和原料的回收带来困难，且酯的质量差。（2） 反应产物的后处理要经过碱中，水洗等工序，比较复杂困难，同时产生大量废液，污染环境。（3） 浓硫酸严重腐蚀设备，加快了吊车设备更新，增加生产成本。为克服这些缺点，倡导小型升降机绿色化学，人们选择环境友好型催化剂催化酯化反应，近年来，已发现氨基磺酸、结晶固体酸、杂多酸、无机盐等均可作为酯化反应的催化剂。The synthesis of carboxylic acid esters are traditionally use concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst, esterification by corresponding alcohol and acid. But as a result of concentrated sulfuric acid as esterification catalyst synthesis has the following shortcomings: (1) under the condition of the esterification reaction, strong sulfuric acid oxidation and dehydration nature can lead to a series of adverse reactions, recycling difficult to refined products and materials, and ester of poor quality. (2) the reaction product post-processing through alkali, washing process, such as complex difficulties, produce large amounts of waste liquid at the same time, the environmental pollution. (3) severe corrosion sulfuric acid equipment, speed up the equipment renewal and increase the cost of production. Advocacy of green chemistry, in order to overcome these shortcomings, people choose environmentally friendly catalyst for catalytic esterification reaction, in recent years, has been found that amino sulfonic acid, solid acid, heteropoly acid, inorganic salt crystallization, etc all can be used as catalyst for the esterification reaction. 3. 羧酸酯类合成的发展3. The development of carboxylic acid ester synthesis 近年来，人们对于羧酸酯类的合成的研究开发和应用发展很快，研究和开发出混凝土输送泵高效、环保的催化剂