2019届高考英语一轮基础自练题Unit5Thepowerofnature（含解析）新人教版选修.docx

The power of nature李仕才一、阅读理解。Celeste Ng，a new writer，has gained recognition for her first novel，Everything I Never Told You.Ngs parents came from Hong Kong，China in the 1960s.Ng was born in America and grew up in Pittsburgh，Pennsylvania，and Shaker Heights，Ohio，in a family of scientists.Celeste went to Harvard University and earned an MFA from the University of Michigan，where she won the Hopwood Award.Although her novel is not about race，the characters are Asian.The main character is Lydia，a teenage girl，who is the favorite of three children born to a white mother and a ChineseAmerican father.The story is about Lydias disappearance，and the emotions the family goes through as the mystery unfolds.The whole family deals with sorrow，regret，and exposed secrets as they search for their lost daughter.Though the characters in this story are Asian，Ng says she didnt really want to include Asian characters.She was afraid people would think the story was about real people in her life.Because she grew up in America and doesnt speak Chinese，she was actually surprised that she included Asian characters in the book.The book has taken off，especially on Amazon，where it won the Editors Pick for No.1 Best Book of the Year in 2014.Ng is still getting used to the attention，saying she is still amazed when people tell her they have read her book.With so many readers，its safe to say this is a book you should read.But if youre looking for a simple mystery，this book might not be for you.Most readers warn that you should not read this book unless youre prepared to cry.1The novel Everything I Never Told You _.Afocuses on a family with a missing childBdiscusses the ways to get rid of regretCexposes the secret of the American worldDtalks about the life of teenagers in America2Which of the following is TRUE according to Celeste Ng?AShe wanted to help the Asian people.BShe was surprised she wrote about Asian characters.CShe was born in Hong Kong and grew up in America.DShe wanted people to know the characters were real people in her life.3How do most readers probably find the book?AIts about race.BIts a sad story.CIts a simple mystery.DIt has a surprising ending.4What is the text mainly about?ACeleste Ng and her family.BThe awards Celeste Ng won.CCeleste Ngs learning experiences.DCeleste Ng and her bestknown novel.【解题导语】本文介绍了美籍华裔作家伍绮诗所写的一部关于一个失踪的小女孩Lydia以及她的家庭经历的小说Everything I Never Told You。【难句分析】Because she grew up in America and doesnt speak Chinese，she was actually surprised that she included Asian character in the book.分析：本句为主从复合句。Because引导原因状语从句，and连接两个并列的原因状语，that引导宾语从句。译文：因为她在美国长大，不会说中文，所以她惊讶于自己能写出书中的人物包括亚洲人。1A考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The story is about Lydias disappearance，and the emotions the family goes through as the mystery unfolds”可知，Everything I Never Told You这部小说是关于一个孩子失踪了的家庭，故选A项。2B考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“she was actually surprised that she included Asian characters in the book”可知，她惊讶于自己能写出书中的人物包括亚洲人。故选B项。A项文中未提及；C项错在“She was born in Hong Kong”，与文中“Ng was born in America”不符；D项与原文中的“She was afraid people would think the story was about real people in her life”不符。3B考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Most readers warn that you should not read this book unless youre prepared to cry”可知，大多数读者认为这是一部看了会哭的悲剧小说，故选B项。4D考查主旨大意。通读全文尤其根据第一段中的“Celeste Ng，a new writer，has gained recognition for her first novel，Everything I Never Told You”可知，本文主要介绍了Celeste Ng的情况及其写的一部小说，故选D项。A项“Celeste Ng和她的家人”，B项“Celeste Ng获得的奖项”，C项“Celeste Ng的学习经历”均是以偏概全，都不正确。二、语法填空。I still have good memories of a certain gentleman helping shape my future. I was in college _1_ my father passed away. I had another year in front of me in order to be called _2_ graduate. The trouble was that I could not concentrate _3_ my studies anymore. Whenever I tried to open my books to study, tears _4_ block my view. I just wanted to quit and stay at home to help my mother deal with the sorrow.At this time, I received his help through my fathers personal financial advisor. One evening, he visited us and asked about my studies. I told him I could not continue my college because I did not want to study anymore. He reminded me how my father _5_ (send) me to the best college in our city. Did I want to fulfill my fathers dream _6_ did I want to be called a failure? I wept, _7_ (say) I did want to do what my dad wanted but I just couldnt study. He gave me all the _8_ (encourage) I needed to be able to carry on. His calming, gentle voice did wonders and I decided to study _9_ (far) and complete my graduation. I still remember this gentleman _10_ came to my rescue and helped me make the right decision.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。在作者最颓废的时候，一位好心人给他指明了前进的道路，帮助他从失去父亲的痛苦中走出来，继续完成学业。1when考查状语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，故用when，意为“当时候”。2a考查冠词。此处表泛指，表示“一名毕业生”，故用不定冠词a。3on考查介词。由句中的“concentrate”可知，应填介词on，构成动词短语concentrate on . “专心于，把思想集中于”。4would考查情态动词。根据语境，此处指“每当我试图打开书学习的时候，眼泪就会模糊我的视线”。would“总会”符合语境。5had sent考查动词的时态。send是发生在reminded之前的动作，表示“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。6or考查连词。or在句中连接了两个疑问句，前后两个句子的意义相反，因此指在两者之间的选择。7saying考查非谓语动词。“saying从句”在句中作伴随状语。主语I与say是逻辑上的主谓关系，且say和句子谓语wept表示的动作几乎同时发生，因此用现在分词。8encouragement考查词性转换。根据语境及空前的“the”可知，应用encourage的名词形式encouragement。9further考查词性转换。由本句中的“complete my graduation”可知，作者会继续学习下去，应填表抽象意义的further “更进一步地”。 10who/that考查定语从句的引导词。空处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是this gentleman，故用who/that。三、完形填空。Learning a second language fuels childrens intelligence and makes their job prospects brighter. 1 the fact is, in U.S.A, as in many other English speaking countries, speakers of two or more languages are in the 2 . Eighty-four per cent of US people are monolingual(speakers of only one language). This leaves a small number who 3 to speak two or more languages.No matter how proud people are of their cultural roots, to speak anything _4 English is a marker of difference here. Thats why fourteen-year-old Umar is 5 when people comment on the fact that he is able to speak Arabic. Umars mother points out: “In U.S.A, its not 6 for kids to be bilingual. But, if you speak another language to your children in U.S.A, it is thought that you are not helping them to 7 society.”But in fact, the general 8 among experts is that learning a second language is good for children. Experts believe that bilinguals people who speak _9 languages have a clear learning advantage 10 their monolingual schoolmates. This 11 on how much of each language they can speak, not on which language is used, 12 they are learning Arabic, French, Chinese or any other language.Vinss Millon, a professor of Foreign Language Training, says: “A lot of studies have 13 that children who speak more than one language sometimes learn one language more 14 , but in the end they do as well as their monolingual schoolmates, and often better, in other subjects.”The view is that there is a(n) 15 in general intelligence from the effort of learning another language. A few other 16 agree that “Bilinguals tend to use language better as a whole. They also 17 greater creativity and problem-solving ability, and they learn further languages more easily”.With all of the benefits, why do we not show more 18 for learning other languages? Parents and teachers 19 in bilingual education say it is pressure from friends at school, general 20 to other languages in English-speaking countries, and problems in the school system that are to blame.语篇解读：学习第二种语言会促进孩子们的智力发展并且让他们拥有更光明的职业前景。然而接受双语教育的孩子毕竟是少数。文章阐述了双语教育的益处以及遇到的困难及原因。1. A. And B. So C. But D. Thus【答案】C【解析】文章第一句：学习第二种语言会促进孩子们的智力发展并且让他们拥有更光明的职业前景。而下一句说：事实却是怎样的，由此可知上下句之间是转折关系，因此选C。2. A. minimum B. maximum C. minority D. majority【答案】C【解析】从but 可以看出会说两种或者多种语言的是少数人。A. minimum 最小量；B. maximum 最大量；C. minority少数；D. majority 大多数。可知C正确。3. A. claim B. pretend C. decide D. plan【答案】A4. A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. other than【答案】D【解析】上文中的“cultural roots文化根源”显然指的是人们(实际上是移民)自己的“母语”，那么在美国除了说英语外，还有就是人们自己的母语了。speak anything other than English指“除了会说英语外，还会说其它什么语言”。因此D 正确。下文的例子也可以佐证答案。句意：不管人们对他们自己的文化根源感到是多么的自豪，但是在这儿(指美国)除了会说英语外，还会说其它什么语言的，就会让人感觉是另类。A. more than不仅仅，多于；B. less than少于；C. rather than而不是；D. other than 除了之外(还有)。5. A. respectable B. embarrassed C. disappointed D. appreciated【答案】B【解析】根据上文的叙述，我们知道：在美国还会说其它语言，往往会受到人们的评头论足，使被评论者感到尴尬。句意：这就是为什么当人们说起他会说阿拉伯语时，十四岁的奥马尔感觉很尴尬的原因了。A. respectable adj.(令人)可敬的；B. embarrassed 尴尬的；C. disappointed失望的；D. appreciated 感激的。6. A. common B. average C. unique D. general【答案】A【解析】根据上文“84%的美国人都只会说一种语言”可以推断“在美国，孩子说双语的情况并不常见”。A. common普遍的，常见的；B. average平均的，普通的；C. unique独一无二的；D. general一般，总体。7. A. fit in B. make use ofC. devote to D. figure out【答案】A【解析】句意：在美国，如果你跟孩子说另一种语言，那么人们会认为你这不是在帮助他们融入这个社会。A. fit in与相协调，相适应；B. make use of利用；C. devote to致力于；D. figure out 计算出，可知选B 。8. A. distinction B. commission C. announcement D. agreement【答案】D【解析】从本段开始就“接受双语教育”的好处进行论述。句意：事实上，专家们普遍认同的就是：学习一门第二语言对孩子是有好处的。A. distinction区别，差别；B. commission任务，行动；C. announcement布告，通知；D. agreement同意。9. A. one B. two C. three D. more【答案】B10. A. beneath B. beyond C. over D. of【答案】C【解析】have an advantage over与相比有优势。句意：接受双语教育的孩子跟接受一种语言的孩子相比，有很大优势。由此可知C正确。11. A. determines B. focuses C. comments D. depends【答案】D【解析】要将11-12连起来一起考虑。句中“this”指代的显然是“advantage优势”，所以选D. depend on取决于，依赖，依靠。句意：不管人们是在学习阿拉伯语、法语、汉语，还是在学习其它什么语言，这种优势不是取决于人们使用哪种语言，而是取决于他们对每种语言能说多少。A. determines 决定，及物动词；B. focuses注意力集中于；C. comments评价。12. A. if B. whether C. when D. because【答案】B【解析】whether.or“不管还是”引导让步状语从句。故选B。13. A. rejected B. released C. revealed D. reminded【答案】C14. A. slowly B. rapidly C. easily D. efficiently【答案】A【解析】根据下文的“as well as”可以推断开始学的比较慢。A. slowly慢地；B. rapidly 迅速地；C. easily轻易地；D. efficiently 有效地。可知选A。15. A. outcome B. improvement C. advantage D. tendency【答案】B【解析】an improvement in general intelligence在整体智力方面的提升。句意：有一种观点认为学习另一种语言(所作出)的努力会使整体智力有所提升。A. outcome结果；B. improvement改善，提高；C. advantage优势；D. tendency 倾向。可知选B。 16. A. parents B. learnersC. schoolmates D. professors【答案】D【解析】从句中other一词可以看出，与上段首句提到的“Vinss Millo, a professor”形成照应，因此应为其他的教授。故选D。17. A. display B. produce C. approve D. discover【答案】A【解析】只有“display表现，展示，发挥”与下文中的“greater creativity and problem-solving ability更大的创造力和解决问题的能力”进行搭配，句意才通顺。句意：他们也表现出更大的创造力和解决问题的能力(他们进一步学习语言会更加容易)。B. produce 生产；C. approve同意；赞成；D. discover 发现。故选A。18. A. concern B. respect C. enthusiasm D. intelligence【答案】C【解析】根据“With all of the benefits基于所有这些益处”说明文章对人们学习其它语言持鼓励的态度的，因而提出了质疑：基于所有这些益处，哪我们为什么不表现出更高的热情来学习其他的语言呢？A. concern关注；B. respect尊重；C. enthusiasm热情；D. intelligence智力。故选D。19. A. involved B. impressed C. competing D. replacing【答案】A【解析】(be)involved in参与，涉及。Parents and teachers involved in bilingual education涉及到双语教育的父母和老师。B. impressed 给人印象深刻的；C. competing竞争的；D. replacing代替。20. A. opinions B. obstacles C. senses D. attitudes【答案】D四、短文改错。Today is Sunday. I was very happy because a special experience. On my way home from school, I find a little dog on the roadside. It was so lovely and poor that I liked it immediate. But it was a little dirty and it seemed that it couldnt see something. I took it home. Besides, my mother didnt like it. She asked me to give a dog to someone else. At that time, got an idea, Dad said, “You can send it to your grandma. She always like animals.” I was very happy. My father and I took the little dog to my grandmas. She was so surprising to see the little poor dog. And she gave to us a promise that she would look after it well. I was very happy because I saved a little dog.答案：Today is Sunday. I was very happy because a special experience. On my way home from school, I a little dog on the roadside. It was so lovely and poor that I liked it . But it was a little dirty and it seemed that it couldnt see . I took it home. ， my mother didnt like it. She asked me to give dog to someone else. At that time, an idea, Dad said, “You can send it to your grandma. She always animals.” I was very happy. My father and I took the little dog to my grandmas. She was so to see the little poor dog. And she gave us a promise that she would look after it well. I was very happy because I saved a little dog.难项分析：第四处：somethinganything考查不定代词。在否定句中，一般用anything，故改为anything。第五处：BesidesHowever考查副词。besides“此外”，表达递进关系。而此处为转折关系，故用副词however。第七处：gotgetting考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，get与其逻辑主语Dad之间是主谓关系，且get an idea和句子谓语said所表示的动作几乎同时发生，故用现在分词。五、七选五。As you know, it is a quite different experience being around positive people versus negative ones.If you are determined to be more positive yourself，here are some ways you can do：Failure is part of learning. 1._. They understand that failure is an event，and doesnt define who they are. Negative people are emotionally disabled by failure because they allow it to define who they are. 2._. 3._. Because they are team players，positive people will get behind and support ideas that are not theirseven if they might disagree with them.Negative people have a hard time fully supporting ideas that they feel wont be successful.Whe