九年级Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.doc

Unit 7 Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothesSection A1. 语态：1) 英语有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 Cats eat fish. （主动语态）猫吃鱼。 Fish is eaten by cats.(被动语态)鱼被猫吃。 2）被动语态的构成 由“助动词be 及物动词的过去分词”构成。（如果要强调动作的执行者，可加上by+执行者。 助动词be 有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be 作为连系动词时完全一样。时态被动语态结构例句一般现在时am/is/are doneEnglish is spoken by many people.许多人说英语。一般过去时was/were doneRome wasnt built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的一般将来时shall/will be doneam/is/are going to be doneA library will be built in the city.市里将建一个图书馆The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 该计划将会在明天的会议上讨论。过去将来时should/would be donewas/were going to be doneHe told me that he would be taught a lesson by his father.他告诉我他会被他的爸爸教训一顿。He told me the plan was going to be discussed at the meeting他告诉我该计划将会在会议上讨论现在进行时am/is/are being doneThe car is being repaired.车正在被修理。过去进行时was/were being doneThe car was being repaired at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候车正在被修理。现在完成时have/has been doneThis novel has been translated into many languages.这部小说已被译成多种语言。过去完成时had been doneWhen he reached the station, all the tickets had been sold out. 当他到车站时票已售完 注：done 即及物动词的过去分词。 3）含有情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。如： The trees may be planted in spring. 树可在春天种植。 The room must be kept clean. 房间必须保持整洁。Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.青少年应当被允许选择他们自己的衣服。 4）被动语态的用法当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者，或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。English is spoken in Canada. 加拿大说英语。The bridge was built in 1949. 这座桥建于1949年。The car is being repaired. 车正在被修理。This novel has been translated into many languages. 这部小说已被译成多种语言。The plan is going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 该计划将会在明天的会议上讨论。 5）一些被动语态的固定结构 be supposed to “应该” What am I supposed to do? 我该怎么做？ It is said that据说 It is believed that据信 It is reported that据报道 It is estimated that据估计 It is thought that有人认为 It is well known that众所周知It is generally agreed that人们通常认为 It can be seen that可以看出 It has been found that研究/实验表明 It has been shown that业已表明 It must be realized that必须认识到 It used to be said that常言道 6）用主动形式表示被动意义的情况 有些不及物动词与easily, quickly, well等副词连用表示主语的内在特征、性质或状态时，习惯用主动形式表示被动意义。（常见的有sell, lock, close, open, wash, write, start, begin, wear, read.） This kind of shirts sell well.这种衬衫很好卖。The door lock easily.这门很容易锁。The pen writes well.这笔很好用。 在形容词worth和动词need, want, require等后以动名词的主动形式表被动意义。 The movie is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。 Your hair needs cutting. 你的头发需要理了。 某些系动词如feel（摸上去）, smell（闻起来）, sound（听起来）, taste（尝起来）, look（看上去）, prove（证明是）等，也习惯以主动形式表示被动意义。 The design proved to be a success.该设计被证明是成功的。 This kind of paper feels very soft.这种纸摸起来很柔软。 The desk looks old. 这张桌子看上去很旧。 Good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。2. allow 允许，准许1）allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。2）allow doing sth. 允许做某事 We dont allow smoking in public.我们不允许在公共场所吸烟。3）be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态） LiLy is allowed to go to Hangzhou. 莉莉被允许去杭州。3. a sixteen-year-old “一个16岁的孩子/青少年”如：Tom is a sixteen-year-old sixteen-year-olds“16岁的孩子们/青少年们” 如：two sixteen-year-olds两个16岁的孩子 sixteen-year-old adj.“16岁的”作前置定语Tom is a sixteen-year-old student.汤姆是个16岁的学生。sixteen years old “16岁”作表语 Tom is sixteen years old. 汤姆16岁。4. have/get + sth.+ done(过去分词) 使某事被做；请某人做某事I have/get my car repaired 我让别人修理了我的车汽车。I cant get the car started.我无法把小轿车开动起来。get their ears pierced 穿耳洞5. enough 足够1）形容词/副词enough 如：beautiful enough足够漂亮 2）enough名词如：enough food 足够的食物 3）enough to 足够去做如： I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is old enough to go to school. 她够大去读书了。6. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 请停止说话。 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 请停下来说话。 stop sb from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事。 没人能阻止我去那儿。cant stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事 他忍不住哭了。7. seem v.看起来，似乎，好像1) seem + ( to be ) adj. / n. 2) seem + to do 3) It seems + that 引导的从句 4) It seems + as if引导的从句他好像很悲伤。他的父亲看起来像个亲切的人。他似乎什么都知道看样子，他们终归得结婚。It seemed as if they would marry in the end.8. need 需要 1) 情态动词：后接动词原形 2）实义动词 sb need to do sth 某人需要做某事 Yong people need to sleep sth need doing = sth need to be done 某物需要被 The bike needs repairing. = The bike needs to be repaired.这辆自行车需要修理。9. at that age 在那个年龄 at the age of. 在岁的时候10. agree vi. 同意，赞同，应允，意见一致 1）agree with sb 与某人意见一致，同意某人（的意见） 2）agree about/on sth 在某事或某方面达成一致的意见 3）agree to + n. ( plan计划，suggestion建议，arrangement安排,proposal提议 ) 4）agree to do sth 同意做某事 我和你意见相同。 I agree you. = I agree with what you say. 对于那件事他们意见一致。 They agree the matter. 老板同意我的计划。The boss agreed my plan. 他答应帮助我们。 He agreed us. 10. 倒装句1）sobe动词/助动词/情态动词主语 意为：也是一样（后者与前者情况一样） She is a student. So am I.她是一个学生，我也是。 She went to school just now. So did I . 她刚才去学校了，我也是 Tom has finished the work. So have I . 汤姆已经完成了工作,我也完成了。She will go to school. So will he.她将去学校，他也是。Lucy can play soccer. So can Lily. Lucy会踢足球。Lily也会。 2）so主语be动词/助动词/情态动词意为：某人的确如此（赞同别人的说法。常用于对话中）She is a student.她是一个学生So she is. 的确如此。-She went to school just now. 她刚才去学校了。-So she did. 的确如此。- Tom has finished the work. 汤姆已经完成了工作。-So he has. 的确如此。 - Lucy can play soccer. Lucy会踢足球。So she can. 的确如此。11. stay up 熬夜 如：I often stay up until 12:00pm.我经常熬夜到12点。12. clean up 打扫整理如： I have cleaned up the bedroom. 我已经打扫完了卧室。Section B1. fail1) fail the test = fail in the test 考试不及格，没通过考试 pass the test 考试及格，通过了考试 take the test 参加考试 2) fail to do sth 未能做某事 I failed to pass the driving exam. 我未能通过驾照考试。2. be strict with sb. 对某人严厉/要求严格 be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格Our English teacher is very strict with us, and she is also very strict in her work.我们的英语老师对我们要求很严，而且她对自己的工作要求很严。3. the other day 前几天 I met Zhang Yishan the other day 前几天我遇到了张一山。 another day 改天 He may come another day. 他可能改天来。4. concentrate on 全神贯注，专心于He decided to concentrate on physics because he failed the exam. This company concentrates on China market. 这家公司把重点放在中国市场上. Youd better concentrate your attention on the thing you are doing.5. get noisy 吵闹6. learn (sth.) from sb. 向某人学习() 如： Jim learnt English from his English teacher. 吉姆向他的英语老师学习英语7. at present / at the present time目前8. 有机会做某事have an opportunity to do sth. / have a chance to do sthhave an opportunity of doing sth / have a chance of doing sth. 如：I have an opportunity to go to Beijing. I have a chance of going to Beijing.Self check Reading1. The classroom is a real mess. 教室太脏了.2. They both look good on me. 它们看上去都适合我。3. at least 最少 at most 最多4. sleep 1) v. 睡觉 2）n.睡眠 have a good sleep好好睡一觉 a sleep of 8 hours 8小时的睡眠 sleepy adj.困倦的，欲睡的（作定语、表语） He feels sleepy today. The sleepy boy is Tom. sleeping adj.睡眠中的(作定语) The sleeping boy is Tom. 这个正在睡觉的孩子叫汤姆。 asleep adj.睡着的(作表语) Be quiet. The boy is asleep.请安静。孩子睡着了。5. We should be allowed to take time to do things like that more often.我们应该被允许更加经常的花些时间多做这类事情.6. 花费 take ,cost, spend , pay It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. It took (me) 10days to read the book. sth. cost (sb.) some mony The book cost (me) 100yuan. sb. spend on sth. She spent 10days on this book. sb. spend doing sth. She spent 10days reading this book. sb. pay for sth. She paid 10yuan for this book.7. take / have +时间段+off 请/放（多长时间的）假。如： 放2天假8. answer / reply 1) answer与reply都可作及物动词，意“回答，答复”。区别：answer可直接跟名词、代词和宾语从句；而reply只能跟宾语从句或直接引语，不能直接跟人或物（sb./sth）作宾语。但作不及物动词用的reply加介词“to”后可跟人或物，意“对作出回答”。 “Certainly, sir.”he replied/answered. “一定，先生。”他答道。 He that he didnt know the secret. Can you him? 你能答复他吗？ Please my question. 请回答我的问题。 2）都可用作不及物动词，但reply比answer正式，一般只经过思考的、有针对性的、较详细的答复。 She cried, but didnt . 她哭了，但不回答。 3）都可作名词“回答，答复”大多数情况下可通用。9. get in the way of妨碍 (某事) get in sbs way 妨碍某人Her social life her studies. 她的社会生活妨碍了她的学习。The bikes over there will others. 自行车放在那里会妨碍别人的.He never 他从不妨碍别人.10. They should be allowed to practice their hobbies as much as they want. 应该允许他们对业余爱好想练多长时间就练多长时间.11. success n.成功 succeed v.成功 successful adj.成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 Succeed in doing sth. 成功完成某事12.We have nothing against running. 我们没有理由反对他跑步13. But we do think that our son needs to be realistic. 但我们的确认为我们的儿子需要面对现实。do/does/did+动词原形 “确实，的确，真正地，一定”。表强调。只用于一般现在时、一般过去时的肯定句及祈使句中。如： speak well. 他讲得的确好。务必请保持安静。一定要注意你的方法。your manner.14. now that 既然15. think about 与think of 的区别 1) 当两者译为： 认为、想起、记着时，两者可互用 I often think about/ of that day. 我经常想起那天。 2) think about 还有“考虑”之意 ，think of 想到、想出时两者不能互用 At last, he thought of a good idea. 最后他想出了一个好主意。 We are thinking about going to Qinzhou. 我们正在考虑去钦州。16. happen vi. 指偶然或非人力所能控制的某事的“发生”。What has happened over there? 1）sth happen to+n./pron. “发生” 2) happen to do sth 碰巧做某事 3）What happens (to sb)? （某人）发生什么事？take place vi. 表预先安排好的某事的“发生” 那儿发生了什么事？ 他发生什么事了？ 机器出了毛病。 我碰巧遇到了汤姆。 五四运动发生于1919年。The May 4th Movement in 1919. 足球赛什么时候举行？When will the football match ? 17. serious adj. 1) “严肃的，正经的”如：他看起来很严肃。 2）“认真的” 如：他是个人真的学生。 3）“严重的，厉害的”如：这是个严重的问题。be serious about + n./pron./v-ing 对 热衷，对兴趣她对跳舞热衷。 她对他感兴趣。