2011年中考任务型阅读.doc

（1）If you do not use your arms or legs for a long time, they become weak. When you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows that. But many people do not know that memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by using it. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it a chance to become strong. If a friend says that his arms and legs are weak, we know that it is his own fault(过错). But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think that his parents are to blame (负责), and few of us know that it is just his own fault. Have you ever noticed that some people who cant read or write usually have better memories? This is because they cant read or write and they have to remember things with their mind they cant write them down in a little notebook. They have to remember days, names, songs and stories, so they are always exercising their memories. So if you want to have a good memory, learn from those people: practice remembering. 1. Does memory work in the same way as arms and legs?2. Do your arms and legs become strong or weak when you use them a lot? 3. What does the writer think of the people with poor memories? 4. Why do the people who cant read or write usually have better memories? 5. What is the main idea of the passage? （2）At the moment, it may be difficult to imagine, but many people believe that, by the year 2100, we will live on the planet Mars. Our own planet, Earth, is becoming more and more crowded and polluted. Luckily, we can start again and build a better world on Mars. First of all, transport should be much better. At present, our spaceships are too slow to carry large numbers of people to Mars it takes months. However, by 2100, spaceship can travel at half the speed of light. It might take us two or three days to get to Mars! Secondly, humans need food, water and air to live. Scientists should be able to develop plants that can be grown on Mars. These plants will produce the food and air that we need. However, can these plants produce water for us? There is no answer now. There is a problem for us to live on Mars. Mars put us much less than the Earth does. This will be dangerous because we could easily jump too high and fly slowly away into space. To prevent this, humans on Mars have to wear special shoes to make themselves heavier. Life on Mars will be better than that on Earth in many ways. People will have more space. Living in a large building with only 10 bedrooms is highly possible. Many people believe that robots will do most of our work, so we have more time for our hobbies. There will probably be no school on Mars. Every student will have a computer at home which is connected to the Internet. They can study, do their homework and take exams in online schools. Each student will also have their own online teacher called “e-teacher”. However, in some ways, life on Mars may not be better than that on the earth today. Food will not be the samemeals will probably be in the form of pills and will not be as delicious as they are today. Also, space travel will make many people feel ill. The spaceship will travel fast but the journey to Mars will probably be very uncomfortable.6. According to the article, will we live on Mars by the year 2100?7. By 2100, will it take a few months or several days to get to Mars? 8. In the future, how will the students on Mars study?9. Why will life on Mars be better than life on Earth?10. Whats the article mainly about? (3)BASEBALL. Its just a word, but for millions of Americans it brings to mind so many images(印象).Hog dogs. Cold beers. Sunny afternoons. Baseball is the game of fathers and sons. Fathers and sons have been playing catch with each other on lawns（草坪） for generations in the US. A father s favorite team becomes his sons. Grandfathers talk to their grandsons, about games played long ago.Many American kids collect baseball cards. The cards have pictures of their favorite players on them. In schools, friends trade base ball cards just like they trade lunches. Players are known as “the boys of summers” because the sport is most often played in the warm months. You dont need to be of a certain size or shape to play baseball. You dont have to be tall like a basketball player or strong like an American footballer. You just need to want to have fun. Baseball is not as fast a game as basketball. But when you go to see a game theres time to relax, talk and get to know other people. Baseball may not be the most popular sport in the US but it is the most traditional（传统的）. Its not just a game any more, but a key part of American culture, like apple pie and grandmas house.11. Who have been playing catch with each other on lawns for generations in the US?12.Do kids trade baseball cards just like they trade lunches in schools?13. Why are baseball players known as “boys of summers”?14. Which game is faster? Baseball or basketball?15. Whats the main idea of the passage?（4）He is a young man who seems to have brains in his feet as well as his head. Brazilian football star Ricardo Kakas performances make the point well. He is one of the top scorers in the UEFA Champions League (欧洲冠军杯). Kaka helped AC Milan beat Manchester United 3-0. Kaka, in great form, scored a goal. The win took Kaka and AC Milan to the finals of the UEFA cup in 2007.Like many Brazilian football players, Kaka is now world famous. But he is not like most Brazilian players. Most of his pals were once poor. Football made them famous and rich.The 26-year-old Kaka is a different kind of star.He was born to a rich family and enjoyed a comfortable early life. He joined Sao Paulo club at eight and signed as a professional(职业的)player at 15. Three years later, he was the best player in the team.“ I plan my career(事业) by setting myself goals,” he explained. “My goals drive me, they are what I fight for.”And his next goal is to help the poor children. “ When I was with the national team, we went to play in some of the poorer areas.” He said. “You see children who dont have enough to eat.”Kaka believes he can do something. Since November 2004, Kaka has been an Ambassador(大使)Against Hunger for the UN World Food Program.16. How old is Kaka?17. Was Kaka born to a rich family or a poor family?18. Was Kaka the best player in his team when he was 18?19. What is Kakas next goal?20. Whats Kaka like according to the passage?(5)Nearly every parent says that we never grow up. In fact, we are maybe 16 or 17 years old. In their eyes, we are always little ones and always do wrong things. For example, when I need to stay at home, alone, they always worry about me and my life without them.Most parents always think that they have offered the best things they can to make their children live in a comfortable world. They buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, strange but expensive school things, and always a thousand-yuan-cost bike. They think that they have done everything they can to their dear little children. In return, they only want their little boy to give them good results in the examinations But why their little babies still cant understand them? Why? Does it mean that they still want more material （物质的）things? No. As a matter of fact, what they want is a true family. What does a true family mean? I think it means a place where we can hide ourselves from the outside cold world. From here, we can get warmth, we can get consolation（安慰）, and we can get happiness. And one important thing is that we should be stronger and more confident（自信的） in the outside world because we know that we have a family. So I think that parents should save their money and sit down to talk with their child to let them know that they have a true family, so the child and his parents could understand each other more and more. Then, no boy will be regarded as a little boy.21. What do the parents always think of us children?22. The parents often prepare everything best for their children, dont they?23. Do the children understand their parents?24. What do the children need, more materials or a true family?25. Why do the children want a family meeting?(6)Americans love sportsthey love to play them, to watch them on television, and to talk about them. But this hobby sometimes has serious resultsat least to the players. For example, when people play tennis, sometimes they hurt their elbow（肘部）and in this way they develop “tennis elbow”. Also it is easy to hurt a knee in a football game. These injuries happen while the player is having fun, but they still hurt.A few months ago, Kathleen Simmons, who loves playing volleyball, hurt her knee in a volleyball game. Her doctor told her that she needed a very difficult operation or she might not be able to play again. She felt very sad and didnt know what to do.Then Simmons learned about “video operation”. With the help of this new science in medicine, doctors can now repair many injuries and get people back on the playing field and back to their jobs much faster. Simmons found a hospital that was using this new science and went to see the doctor there. The doctors told her the operation could help.For this operation, her doctor didnt have to open her knee. Instead he put a very small camera lens（镜头）inside her knee. The lens sent back pictures, which appeared on a television screen. As he worked, he could see the inside of her knee on the TV. With the help of the large pictures on the screen, the doctor knew exactly what to do when he was making the repairs.Simmons started walking five days after her operation. “My knee hurt a lot the first few days,” she said. “But I felt better very quickly.” Now, six months after her operation, Simmons can do everything she did before her injury. “It feels like a new knee,” she said. “I can even play volleyball again.”26.Do Americans love sports?27.What sport is Kathleen interested in?28.When did one of Kathleens knees hurt?29.Why did the doctor put a very small camera lens inside her knee? 30.Whats the advantage of the new science?(7)“If I had one million yuan, I would buy you a palace! Do I have one million yuan? No, I dont! So I only can spend ten fen on this short message, sending you my best wishes!”Today, SMSShort Message Service is popular, and China Mobile says that every second, there are 410 messages being sent.Look around you! People are watching their mobiles, smiling or laughing. Thumbs are moving quickly on mobiles, bringing happiness to their friends. Through SMS, we know the weather report, share jokes and news, express love and friendship.SMS is becoming more and more popular. It is reported that 67% of young people like to send short messages to greet each other. Internet SMS will be more helpful to people. I am thankful for the progress because SMS saves me much money. Just on the top end of a thumb, so much joy can be found!31. Is SMSShort Message Service very popular in China? 32. How much does one short message cost according to the passage?33. Which finger plays the most important role (角色) when sending short messages on mobiles?34. Who like SMS better, the young or the old? 35. The passage is mainly about _.(8)Surfing is the name for riding ocean waves on special boards. Did you know that surfing has been around for more than 200 years? At first the sport was rougher (粗野的) and harder than it is today.For one thing the early surfboards were heavy. They weighed as much as 150 pounds. A surfer needed great strength (力量) just to get the board from the beach to the water! Also the early surfers didnt ride standing up. They rode just lying on their stomachs. That was the only way to control the large boards.Those surfers lived in the islands of Polynesia, in the South Pacific. In 1778 the surfers took the sport to Hawaii. There surfing quickly became popular. The beaches and waves of Hawaii are perfect for surfing. In 1907 George Freeth was the first person to ride a wave in the United States. He surfed in Redondo Beach in California. For years the sport of surfing spread slowly. In the 1950s surfing was known as a young peoples sport because mostly young people seemed to enjoy it. In 1961 rules for surfers were written. The surfers themselves, along with some surfboard companies, made up the rules. Today surfers are looked upon as sportsmen. Southern California is still the surfing center of the United States. Thousands of people surf there. Thousands more are fans of famous surfers. Surfing is here to stay. Surfers must still be strong. To surf, a person should be able to swim well, both on top of and under the water. A surfer must also be able to float (漂浮) for a long time. A good surfer must keep his or her eyes open at all times, even underwater.36. Was surfing an easy sport at first?37. How did the early surfers control the surfboard?38. Why did the sport of surfing quickly become popular in Hawaii?39. Who made up the rules for surfers?40. What is the main idea of this passage?（9）Sudden shaking of the ground makes an earthquake. It is caused by a sudden rock movement underground. Earthquakes usually happen in long narrow belts, where different large plates of rock meet.In spite of much research and wonderful equipment, it is impossible to predict(预测)an earthquake accurately (准确地), although experts can estimate roughly (大概推测) an earthquake coming in a particular region. So everyone needs to learn a bit about how to keep himself safe in an earthquake. As you may know, the greatest danger of an earthquake comes from falling buildings and structures and flying glass, stones and other objects. Please read on for some tips about how to stay safe in an earthquake: If you are indoors, find a secure location to wait out the quake, such as under a heavy table or desk. Doorways are among the safest places to stand because you can brace yourself between two walls. However, watch out for swinging doors. Stay away from windows. If you are outdoors, try to get into an open area, away from falling buildings, power lines, trees, etc. If you are in a crowded public area, crouch down, with your hands protecting your head and neck. If you are in your car, pull over to the side, away from power lines and overpasses, and stay inside the car until the shaking has subsided. 41. Does the earthquake usually happen in long narrow belts? 42. Can we predict an earthquake accurately or not? 43. What causes an earthquake? 44. Why does the author tell us to protect our heads and necks with our hands in a public area?45. What does the author tell us mainly about in the passage? （10）In the countries all over the world, people are leaving the countryside in large numbers to find jobs in the cities. They leave because the countryside is much poorer than the city, and often there isnt much work there. Services such as hospitals and transport(交通) are usually much better in cities than they are in the country. They hope that their lives will improve when they moveto the city. But in the big cities of Europe and AmericaLondon, Pairs, New York, people are moving out of the city. These are usually families who have some money, and want to live a quieter life. They are tired of the noise and the dirt(灰尘) of the city, tired of the crowded streets, crowded trains and buses. They dont want to sit in traffic any more. They want a house with a garden, and clean air that isnt polluted. So they move out. Some dont go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities, other people move to the real countryside with sheep and cows and green fields! There, they start new lives and try to make new friends. Not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy. After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it was a big mistake. They dont make so much money and there isnt much to do. Country people are very different and arent always very friendly. As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. Its wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights, they say, Im so glad Im back in the city!46. Is there often much work to do in the countryside?47. What kind of families are moving out of the city?48. What are they tired of about the city? (答两点即可)49. What do they think of the people in the countryside?50. What can we learn from the sentence Its wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights? （11）Many people have jobs. They go to work nearly every day. Some people are lucky. Either they have very interesting jobs or they make a lot of money. Most people are not so lucky. Either their jobs are not very interesting or they dont make much money.The most interesting jobs are often the most difficult. People take along time to learn how to do them. Doctors study for at least six years after finishing school.Some young people have interesting and high-pay jobs. Many young players do their work successfully. Football and tennis stars are usually under 35 years old. Older people usually can not play these sports very well. They cannot move fast enough. Golf, however, is a good sport for older people. Many golf players are quite old, but they can play it successfully. Most people work until they are 60 or 65 years old. Then they retire(退休)and have a lot of