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分词常见错误例析分词是NMET常考试题,而初学者在使用时容易犯错误,中学生也是如 此。笔者认为,下面例句中错误是常见的,它们的改正方法是经常用到的。提防这些错误,对分词的学习有所帮助。 1.误:European football is played in 80 countries,to make it the most popular sport in the world. 正:European football is played in 80 countries,making it the most popular sport in the world. 析:分词短语作结果状语,与句子的主干之间含有逻辑上的因果关 系,往往带有必然性。不定式短语表示结果,表示主语未曾料到的结果。如: He hurried to the post office only to find it closed.2.误:Those having handed in their papers can leave the room. 正:Those who have handed in their papers can leave the room. 析:分词的完成式一般不作后置定语。3.误:The ground was covered with falling leaves after a strong wind. 正:The ground was covered with fallen leaves after a strong wind. 析:现在分词往往表示正在进行的动作,而过去分词往往表示已完成 的动作。4.误:Having not received a reply,he decided to write again. 正:Not having received a reply,he decided to write again. 析:分词的否定式应将否定词放在分词的前面。5.误:Interested greatly,we asked him to tell us the news. 正:Greatly interested,we asked him to tell us the news. 析:副词修饰分词时,放在分词之前。6.误:After an hour or so,we began to feel very frightening. 正:After an hour or so,we began to feel very frightned. 析:-ing形容词表示外在的“令人(使人).”,-ed 形容词表 示内在的“.的”。7.误:Stepping into the meeting-room,my heart was beating fast. 正:When I stepped into the meeting-room,my heart was beating fast. 析:分词词组的逻辑主语同主句的主语应一致。8.误:Judged from his expression,he is in a bad mood. 正:Judging from his expression,he is in a bad mood. 析:有些约定俗成的分词或分词短语作状语,尽管它们与句子的主语 不一致,也被认为正确。类似的还有:generally speaking, considering,talking of.等。9.误:Most of the artists being invited to the party were from South Africa. 正:Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 析:短暂性动词的现在分词一般不作后置定语。10.误:The students being League members should set others a good example. 正:The students who are League members should set a good example. 析:being 不可单独作定语。Exercise:1.The murderer was brought in,with his hands_behind his back. A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tied D.tied2.The first textbooks_for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A.having written B.to be written C.being written D.written3._from the hill,the little village looks more beautiful. A.To see B.Being seen C.Seeing D.Seen4._to the party,Joan was greatly hurt. A.Having not been invited B.Not having been invited C.Having not invited D.Not having invited 5.Walking down the street the other day,_. A.I saw unusual something happened B.a terrible accident happened C.something unusual was seen by me D.I saw a terrible accident6._her mother had come,her face lit up. A.Hearing B.Having heard C.When hearing D.when she heard7.The question _at present has something important to do with our daily life. A.to be discussing B.to discuss C.been discussed D.being discussed8.The doctor asked the patient to drink more_water. A.boiling B.boiled C.cold D.being boiled9.The stranger said something in a_voice and the little girl was very much_. A.frightening;frightened B.frightened;frightening C.frightening;frightening D.frightened;frightened10.
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