福建省厦门华兴实验学校高中英语 第八周 Direct and Indirect SpeechⅡ 新人教版必修1.doc

福建省厦门华兴实验学校高中英语 第八周 direct and indirect speech 新人教版必修1复习 (把下列直接引语改为间接引语)：he said: “ive left my book in my room.” he told me that he had left his pen in his room.she said: “he will be busy.”she said that he would be busy.3she said to tom, “can you help me?”she asked tom if/whether he could help her.复习规律陈述句的间接引语连接词用that, 在口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told,等。例如： he said: “ive left my book in my room.” he told me that he had left his book in his room. 2. 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接词用if 或whether, 而引述选择疑问句时只能用whether, 引述动词用asked, 没有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等。如： she said to tom, “can you help me?” she asked tom if /whether he could help her. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词, 改为陈述语序。例如： the teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” the teacher asked me how i had repaired it. 4. 如何变时态： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时如：1) she said. “i have lost a pen.” she said she had lost a pen.2) she said. “we hope so.” she said they hoped so.3) she said. “he will go to see his friend.” she said he would go to see his friend.但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时, 时态一般不变化。1)直接引语是客观真理。“the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. the teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.2)直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语, 变为间接引语时, 时态不变。xiao wang said. “i was born on april 2l, 1980.” xiao wang said he was born on april 20, 1980.直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时, 时态保持不变。the boy said to us, “i usually get up at six every day.” the boy told us he usually gets up at six every day. 4) 若直接引语中含有when, since, while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句,变间接引语时, 从句时态不变。如： she said, “i went there when i was six years old.” she said she had gone there when she was six years old. 5) 若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better 等动词时。 如： she said, “we should help each other.” she said we should help each other. 5. 如何变状语：直接引语变间接引语, 状语变化有其内在规律, 时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”例: now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before, today变为that day。地点状语, 尤其表示方向性的, 或用指示代词修饰的状语, 由“此”改为“彼”。如:he said, “these books are mine. ”he said those books were his.指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化: this that; these those; now then;yesterday the day before; today that day; tomorrow the next day; next week (month, year) the next week (month, year); ago before; here thererequests or commands?could i use your bathroom? requestput your coat in the closet. commandspeak quietly on the phone, please. requestwill you help me with my homework this afternoon? requestcould you meet me at four?request6. take your shoes off before you enter the room. command7. go to bed right now. command8. could you help me with my english please? request9. open the door at once. command 10. would you please give me that book? requestdirect speech indirect speechrequests: do ., please. requests: a asked b to do sth. can/could you.? a asked b not to do sth. will/would you .? commands: do. commands: a told/ordered b to do sth. dont . a told/ordered b not to do sth.祈使句的直接引语和间接引语(1)祈使句的间接引语采用“动词+宾语+不定式”结构。 told/asked/orderedsb. (not) to do sth.(2)如果祈使句是表示请求, 间接引语的动词常用ask; 如果是表示命令, 间接引语的动词常用tell, order, command等。直接引语 (变化前)间接引语(变化后)祈使句the officer said to him, “dont leave your post.”不定式the officer ordered him not to leave his post.直接引语 (变化前)间接引语(变化后)lets 开头的祈使句 i said to him, “lets start at once.”that 引导的宾语从句i suggested to him that we (should) start at once.(3)直接引语如果是以“lets”开头的祈使句, 变为间接引语时, 通常用 “suggest +动名词(或从句)”。如: he said, “lets go to the film.”he suggested going to the film.或 he suggested that they should go to see the film.直接引语 (变化前)间接引语(变化后)感叹句he said: “how happy i am!”that/what/how引导的宾语从句he said that he was very happy.he said how happy he was.(4)感叹句直引: 主语+