阅读表达专项训练.doc

高考复习专项训练阅读表达Passage 1 Here are some tips on business travel safety, which can be used wherever your next trip may take you, from John Rose, president of Business Travel Services. No.1: Keep your travel plan private. “Whether you are traveling at home or abroad, dont discuss your itinerary,” Rose said. “Otherwise, you may become an easier target for bad people while you are traveling.” No.2: Be alert ( 警惕的 ). Keeping your eyes and ears open while you are away on business allows you to more easily notice anything strange or unusual. “If you manage to have good control of the environment, you wont be targeted by bad guys,” Rose said. No.3: Have an emergency contact ( 熟人 ). “Keeping the phone number of an emergency contact in your mobile phone or wallet is always a smart idea, especially when you are traveling alone,” Rose said. “Always have someone who knows your plans as an emergency contact, such as a colleague or a family member,” he added. No.4: Book your ground transportation in advance. “This is the key to successful business travel when you are traveling internationally,” Rose said. “Dont make yourself wait for transportation,” he said. “Arrange it in advance, even if its a taxi. Pay for transportation in advance as well.” No.5: Copy all the important documents. This is also an important tip for international trips. Rose said all important documents should be copied. The copies must be kept separate ( 分开的 ) from the original documents, so if one gets stolen you still have the other.1. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “itinerary” in Paragraph 2? (No more than 5 words. ) 2. What if you keep alert on your business travels? (No more than 10 words.) 3. According to Paragraph 5, what should you do for your international business travel? (No more than 10 words.) 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? (No more than 8 words.) 5. Do you think it necessary to have an emergency contact? Please give your reason. (No more than 25 words.) Passage 2 When it comes to food, there is no shortage of questions about how to get the most nutrients out of the food we eat. Nowadays, many questions arise as we consider the effect of new technology on the quality of our food. Read on to find out how technology is affecting what you eat. Is microwaving food a good way to heat up food? Studies say “No”. Some important nutrients in vegetables can be destroyed when we microwave food. Broccoli ( 花椰菜 ), when microwaved, loses 97 percent of its cancer-protecting antioxidants ( 抗氧化剂 ) compared to steamed broccoli, which loses 11 percent. Freezing is a way of maintaining water levels and temporarily stopping the growth of microorganisms and bacteria. In general, freezing food doesnt lose nutrients if you freeze the food when it is at peak quality. It is only when food is stored and sits for a long period of time that it starts to lose nutrients, especially vitamin C. In general, when you dry a food, you take the water out. You dont necessarily destroy the nutrients, although in fruits, certain vitamins can be easily destroyed. That is why fruits are generally better fresh. Dried foods nearly contain the same amount of nutrients as that in fresh foods, though you end up eating a lot of dried foods rather than fresh foods. One of the biggest complaints about organic foods is that they are more expensive than commercially grown produce. So why spend more? When you are saving in money now on commercial produce, you will surely lose in health later. Many scientific studies have shown the negative effects of pesticides ( 杀虫剂 ) used on commercial crops. The primary reason for buying organic foods is that you can get healthy foods that arent covered in dangerous chemicals.1. What is the main idea of the text? (No more than 6 words) 2. Why is using microwaves to heat up food not good? (No more than 10 words) 3. What does the word “that” in Paragraph 4 probably refer to? (No more than 4 words) 4. Why are organic foods recommended for people to buy? (No more than 10 words) 5. In your opinion, what is the ideal relationship between technology and food? (No more than 20 words) Passage 3 They jump from helicopters or speeding boats, bringing aid to swimmers in trouble on Italys popular beaches. For these dog lifeguards( 救生员 ), the doggie paddle( 狗刨 ) does just fine. Hundreds of specially trained dogs are working as Italys dog lifeguards. They are sent each summer to help swimmers who need help. These lifedogs pull a life buoy( 救生圈 ) that victims can hold, or a boat they can sit on to be dragged back to the shore. Unlike human lifeguards, it is quite easier for lifedogs to jump from helicopters and speeding boats to rescue swimmers. With millions of travelers visiting Italys crowded beaches each summer, the Italian Coast Guard says it rescues about 3,000 people every year and their dog helpers have saved several lives. It takes three years for the dogs to reach expert rescue status, and currently 300 dogs are fully trained for duty. Dogs are useful in preventing the physical tiredness of the lifeguard and increasing the speed at which swimmers are saved. They increase the safety of both the swimmers and the lifeguard. Roberto Gasbarri, who manages the Italian School of Canine Lifeguards program, said, “The dog is a sort of lifeboat which goes by itself to a swimmer in trouble, and comes back to the shore also by itself, choosing the best landing point and swimming through the safest currents.” The Civitavecchia center in the northern province of Bergamo was founded more than 20 years ago. The school will train any breed, as long as they weigh at least 30kg, but Labradors, Newfoundlands and golden retrievers are most commonly used because of their natural instinct ( 本能 ) for swimming. Each dog works with a human lifeguard, who also acts as the animals trainer.1. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words) 2. What is the advantage of lifedogs compared to human lifeguards? (no more than 12 words) 3. Why are Labradors, Newfoundlands and golden retrievers usually selected to get trained? (no more than 8 words) 4. What does the word “they” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to? (no more than 2 words) 5. What do you think of lifedogs? (no more than 25 words) Passage 4 What do you do when your cell phone dies or is outdated and you want a new one? How do you deal with a computer safely? Recycling e-waste has become a serious global problem. Some poisonous chemicals are commonly found within modern electronic ( 电的 ) equipment. When these things end up in dustbins or at unsafe recycling facilities, the poisons go into the soil and ground water, and even go into the small bits of precious metals. The result is that local water and soil is contaminated, people are getting ill and more areas are being damaged. The thing that motivates any company is profit. As a result, electronic companies make their products which are filled with poisons, break frequently and are impractical to repair. When these electronic products break, we naturally buy something new instead. This is why we produce 25 million tons of e-waste each year. There is a movement to place responsibility back upon the manufacturers of electronic gadgets( 电子产品制造商 ) with three central goals. First, manufacturers should change their practices to reduce the amount of poisonous chemicals used in the design of electronics. Second, the electronics should be designed to last as long as possible, and that includes making them modular ( 组合的 ) so repairs can be made easily. Finally, manufacturers must be ready to take back their broken or no longer usable equipment in order to recycle it responsibly. Take your old electronics to responsible recyclers. You can find such companies online, and even if there isnt one in your state, you can often ship your things instead. Learn to use rechargeable( 可再充电的 ) batteries efficiently. Dont discharge them completely if you can avoid it. Another thing you need to do is to purchase repairable electronic products. E-waste is likely to be a growing problem as more people gain access to electronics of all kinds. The time to put safeguards into place is now.1. What does the underlined word “contaminated” mean in Paragraph 2? (No more than 2 words) 2. Why is e-waste dangerous? (No more than 10 words) 3.What should the manufacturers of electronic products do to reduce e-waste? (No more than 15 words) 4. What does the text mainly talk about? (No more than 8 words) 5. What should you do to recycle e-waste in your daily life after reading the text? (No more than 25 words) Passage 5: Where would any of us be if we went to schools where no competition was allowed? How would we know whether we have the ability to be good at a sport or other things? How would we know whether we are making the right effort or whether we are wasting our time? How would we learn the concept of improving our performance? How would we know about setting and meeting goals? Competition serves so many purposes. Competition sets many people on the right path towards understanding what it takes to win. Competition can tell a student when more work, more time or improved studying strategies are needed to catch up with other students who achieve higher grades and better results from their study programs. Children learn through competition that desires and hard work may not be enough to win recognition, higher grades or rewards. There are times when students must learn that they may not be able to excel( 突出 ) in certain sports or academic areas. Everyone can, however, do their best to support their teams in other ways, even though they are not the star of the team. Students would move on to areas where they are showing advantages and can excel. Competition will force them to stop putting their time into trying to meet inappropriate goals. Unfair competition exists somewhere, but it can teach students about the realities of the world ahead of them. Most importantly, they can get the good lesson that no one can escape being punished for cheating or lying in competition. It would be impossible to eliminate all competition from a childs school experience. There is no benefit to sending a young person into a world with no lessons learned from competition.1. What is the main idea of the text? (No more than 8 words) 2. How can competition help students achieve higher grades? (No more than 15 words) 3. What lesson can students learn from unfair competition? (No more than 12 words) 4. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “eliminate” in the last paragraph? (No more than 3 words) 5. In your opinion, what is the benefit of competition? (No more than 25 words) Passage 6: When people talk to you, they will have a good idea of how much you read. There is nothing employers like more than an employee who reads a lot. Having read plenty of books shows that you are educated, and your employer will believe that you are much more likely to do the job properly. While many people see it as being a chore, reading should be seen as a recreational(消遣的) activity. When you read, there are a number of things you can do to increase your English skills. Often, you will come across words that youve never seen before. Instead of skipping ( 跳过 ) these words to continue reading, you may want to take the time to learn what they mean. You can sometimes get an idea of what the word means by looking at its context. To do this, you will want to look at the words which are before and after the unknown word. It should also be noted that some authors will give the definition of the words on the page, and this is another method you can use to learn them. If you cant determine what the word means from the context and there isnt a definition of it given by the author, you may look it up in a dictionary. If you are reading a chapter in a book, write down all the words you dont know, and then look them up once youve got to the end of the chapter. It is boring to stop reading every time you find a word, then go to look it up, and come back to read after youve found it. It is much smarter to wait until youve read a certain number of pages, and then look up the words you arent familiar with.1. Why do employers prefer workers who read a lot? (No more than 15 words) 2. What does the underlined word “context” in the second paragraph probably mean? (No more than 8 words) 3. What is the authors suggestion when you read a chapter in a book? (No more than 10 words) 4. What does the passage mainly talk about? (No more than 10 words) 5. Do you like reading? What will you do when you meet new words in future? (No more than 25 words) Passage 7Teens need their independence, but how do you make sure they are safe? Its untoward to decide when to give your teen more freedom. One parents decision for his or her teen may not be right for other parents and their teens. Obviously, its not easy. Although every adolescent is different, there are many experiences common to the teenage years. The most common may be the pull and push between dependence and independence.Many teens are putting themselves at risk of committing acts of violence and other crimes. No wonder so many parents are concerned, even frightened; no wonder so many try to control the behavior of their teenage children.It is important for parents to make rules for their young children. As they get older, however, they need to learn to make some of their own decisions. Parents need to give teens the freedom to do just that. But there is a catch: teens must be ready. They need to agree to behave in responsible ways and show that they can handle the freedom. They also need to keep their parents informed.Thats where respect and responsibility come in.Respect: Respect is a two-way thing but it starts with you, which means that you should give your teens the respect that you would like to be given. Give them credit ( 赞扬 ) for their knowledge and abilities; pay attention and listen to them. That means showing confidence in your teens, and being supportive. Parents should believe in their teens; set high standards for them, encourage them, expect them to achieve their goals, and provide consistent love and support including practical helpso they can achieve the promise ( 希望 ) that lies within them.Responsibility: Teens are learning to take care of themselves and get responsible as they prepare for adulthood. Thats what growing up is all about. Give them an appropriate amount of freedom and independence. Encourage and promote responsibility and good decisionoffering support and gentle help with difficult decisions. Let your teens know they will be given more freedom as they show increasingly responsible behavior.1. Whats the meaning of the underlined word “untoward” in Paragraph 1? (No more than 2 words) 2. Why do parents attempt to keep the behavior of their teens under control? (No more than 10 words) 3. What should parents do in order to get respect from their teens? (No more than 12 words) 4. What indicates that teens are getting ready for adulthood? (No more than 15 words) 5. What do you think about the independence and freedom of teens? (No more tha