2011年GCT串讲讲义_8学时_stu (2).doc

2011年GCT英语考前串讲讲义 8学时2011年GCT英语串讲讲义张丽艳GCT英语考试综述GCT应对策略关键词：目标明确 战略合理 放眼全局 把握节奏 得分目标及用时计划（40-70）英语各项题目得分目标分解：题型题量分值得分目标用时计划词汇&语法10206-125阅读理解204018-2822完型填空10206-167会话技能102010-168第一部分：词汇&语法一、词汇应该记忆的词缀1. 常见前缀anti- 反抗，反对anti-corruption(反腐败的)，anti-war(反战的)auto- 自己的，自动的 autobiography(自传) ATM (Automatic Teller Machine)bi- 双的 bilateral(双边的)，biweekly(双周刊)de- 向下，不 decrease (减少) depress（使沮丧；使萧条）dis- 相反dislike(不喜欢)，disadvantage （n缺点 v. 损害）en-, -en 使dishearten(气馁)，enforce(强迫，执行)ex- 向外external(外部的)，export(出口)，express（表达）im- (动词前缀)向内import(进口)，imprison(入狱)，implant(灌输)im-, in-(形容词前缀)不impossible(不可能的)，impersonal(非个人的)，inter- 相互，在内international(国与国之间的国际的)，internet(互联网)mal- 坏，不良maltreat(虐待)，malnutrition(营养不良)，malfunction（故障）micro- 微，微小的microphone(麦克风)，microscope(显微镜)mini- 小的minimum(最小) ， minibus(小公巴)，miniskirt（迷你短裙）mis- 错的mistake(n错误；v. 误认为)，misunderstand（误解）multi- 多的multifunction(多功能)，multilevel(多档次)non- 否定non-smoking(不抽烟的)，nonstop(不断的)out- 超过，过度outgrow(过大而不适于)，outweigh(过重)，outnumberover- 过度，超overwork(过劳)，overdo(过度, 夸张)，overlfowpost- 在 后postwar(战后的)，postmodernism(后现代主义)pre- 在 前pre-war(战前的)，pre-liberation(解放前的)re- 再，重；往后re-read(再读)，re-fill(再装，再填), recess (衰退)semi- 半semiliterate(半文盲的；知识有限的)，semiconductor(半导体)sub- 次的，亚，低于substandard(次标准)，submarine(潜艇)，submerge(下沉，淹没)trans- 转换，横过transcontinental(横跨大陆的)，transform(变化)un- 否定 unknown(无名的)，unstable(不稳固的)，unhappyunder- 在下，不足underpay(少付.工资)，underdeveloped (欠发达的), undersized(不够大的)uni- 单一的unilateral(单边的)，uniform(统一)，unique(唯一的, 独特的)，2. 常见后缀-able, -ible 有能力的controllable(可控制的)，predictable(可预测的)-age 表示状态，性质wreckage(遭难)，shortage(缺乏，不足)，leakage(泄漏) -ant, -ent(能动的)人，物assistant(助手)，agent(代理)，accountant(会计)-dom 性质，状态，行为kingdom(王国)，freedom(自由)，-ee 表示动作的接受者refugee(难民)，examinee(应试者) -er, -or 表示动作的发出者 teacher(教师)，doctor(医生)，survivor(生还者)-ess 表示阴性，雌性hostess(女主人)，authoress(女作家)， tigress(母老虎)-hood 表示身份，性质neighborhood(邻里，小区)，childhood(孩童时期)-ify 使 化simplify(简化)，beautify(美化)-ish 似 的childish(孩子气的)，girlish(姑娘似的)，selfish(自私的)-ism 表示：主义，学说modernism(现代化)，tourism(旅游业)，fatalism(宿命论)-ize, -ise, -yze 化modernize(现代化)，analyze(分析)，realize(实现)-less 不，无，没有useless(无用)，doubtless(无疑)，careless(粗心)-like 有 性质的dreamlike(做梦似的)，childlike（孩子似的，天真烂漫的）-ogy 学科biology(生物学)，technology(技术)-ness 表示性质，状态friendliness(友好)，kindness(仁慈)，selfishness(自私)-ous, -eous, -ious 充满 的dangerous(危险的)，hazardous(危险的)，courteous(有礼貌的) -ward (s) 表示方向seawards(向海边的)，eastward(向东的)，inward(向内的；内心的)（outward 向外的）二、语法1、复合从句2010-04. Is there anything else _ you want to get ready for the party this evening? A. which B. who C. that D. what2008-04. All _ was needed was one final push to close the deal. A. that B. what C. there D. which2007-07. Kathy hopes to become a friend of _shares her bitterness and happiness.A. whoever B. whatever C. whomeverD. whichever2006-04. Scientists can predict regions _ new species are most likely to be found. A. where B. when C. why D. how2004-04. The Mona Lisa, _ in Italy, is now in the Louvre, a museum in Paris.A. who painted B. who was painted C. which painted D. which was painted专项强化训练：1. _ pollution control measures tend to be money consuming, many industries hesitate to adopt them.A. Although B. However C. When D. Since2. _ is often the case with a new idea, much initial activity and optimistic discussion produce no concrete proposal.A. It B. Which C. As D. That3. I was speaking to Ann on the phone about our tour plan _suddenly we were cut off. A. that B. while C. before D. when4. The he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.A. moment B. time C. occasion D. hour5. I admit that the problems are difficult，I dont agree that they cannot be solved.A. When B. Where C. While D. Why6. _ urgent the situation may be, you will need to make one change at a time, and then move on.A. As B. Whenever C. However D. Whatever7. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that8. He wrote a lot of novels, many of _ were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that9. He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that10. If nature does not provide man with the necessary material，it is the laboratory_he will turn to for it.A. where B. which C. that D. what*2、非谓语动词 动名词：充当名词、代词的作用，作句子的主语、宾语、表语，经常性的，概念性的分词：充当形容词副词的作用，作句子的定语、状语现在分词为正在进行或主动的含义 swimming fish, a developing country过去分词已经完成或被动的含义 boiled water, a developed country不定式：充当名词、代词、形容词、副词的作用，做除谓语之外的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。往往有“一次性的”，“将要做的”之意。分词（包括主被动形式）用作定语、状语、独立结构、构成谓语，与with构成短语等。1) 2003-06. The issue _ at the conference is very important and it will create a sensation nationwide.A. discussed B. being discussed C. is being discussed D. has been discussed2）The robber was brought to the judge, _.A. his hands were fast tied B. his hands to be fast tiedC. his hands having been fast tied D. his hands fast tiedu 不定式（包括主被动形式）主要用作定语、状语、主语、表语、与wh-连用，等。 3）Henry Fords introduction of the assembly line vastly reduced the time it took _.A. to make a car B. making a car C. for making a car D. while making a car注意：It takes some time to do something.与wh-连用： I dont know what to do next.u 动名词（包括被动形式），主要用作主语、宾语以及某些动词及某些句型固定要求等。4）The suspect at last admitted _stolen goods but denied _them.A. to receive to sell B. receivingsellingC. to receiving to selling D. to have received to have sold5）2003-10. Millions of Americans flock to their drugstores to buy vitamins and minerals, that these pills can help prevent serious illnesses.A. convincing B. convinced C. to convince D. to be convinced6）2009-08. _my neighbors kid with his coming exam，I spend an hour working with him every day.A. To help B. Helping C. Helped D. Having helped7）2007-01. Some persons _fishing simply for fun. A. makeB. feel C. seekD. enjoy8）2006-06. Radios today seldom need _ or the attention of a technician. A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to have repaired9）2007-10. Without the suns light _the earths surface, no life could exist on the earth. A. warms B. warmed C. warmingD. to warm非谓语动词重要句式归纳would rather句式 1.“would rather+动词原形”意为“宁愿做某事”，其中的动词原形不能改为不定式或分词。如：Boy: Can I buy you a drink? Girl: Actually Id rather have the money. 否定形式：I would rather not tell him. 我宁愿不告诉他。2. “would rather+动词原形+than+动词原形”意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一事”。如：Id rather walk than take a bus. 我宁愿走路而不愿乘公共汽车。3. “would +动词原形+rather than+动词原形”意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一事”。如：Id take the slowest train rather than go there by air. 我宁可乘最慢的火车去也不愿坐飞机去。prefer to句式1. prefer to+动词原形 +rather than+动词原形其意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一事”。如：I prefer to walk there rather than go by bus. 我宁愿走着去，而不愿坐公共汽车去。2. prefer+动名词+to+动名词其意为“宁愿做某事而不愿做另一事”。如：He prefers swimming to riding as a sport. （作为一项运动项目）他更喜欢游泳而不是骑马。why not句式Why not wait till the winter sales to buy a new coat? 为什么不等到冬季大贱卖时再买一件新外衣呢?专项强化训练：1. If the work by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be heavily fined.A. is completed B. to be completedC. will have been completed D. will be completed2. _, the researchers cannot concentrate on that very precise experiment.A. With you standing there B. On your standing thereC. You are standing there D. You stand there3. In Australia the Asians have made their influence _ in businesses, large and small.A. feeling B. feel C. felt D. to be felt4. I really appreciate_to help me, but I am sure that I can manage it myself.A. you to come B. that you come C. your coming D. how you come5. Far too many owners of electric appliances have a hard time_qualified repairmen to fix their machines.A. finding B. to find C. to finding D. having found6. A series of attempts made, he came to a successful solution of the problem.A. to be B. had been C. were D. having been7. The boss realized the importance of qualified staff, and urged all to participate in the training seminar.A. concerning B. the concerning C. concerned D. the concerned8._40 years ago, the book continues to be marketed, mass-produced, and challenged. A. Being written B. As written C. Though written D. It was written9. Weather _, well go for a walk in the woods tomorrow. A. to permit B. permitted C. permits D. permitting10. When visiting a foreign country, I sometimes found it difficult _.A. to make myself understood B. to make others understand myselfC. to make myself understand D. making others understand myself*3、比较级和最高级、倍数表达u 比较级要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.u 比较级的修饰语表示“稍稍”、“一点”意义的a bit, a little, rather, some, any 等；表示“得多”的 much, far, a great / good deal, a lot, a good bit 等；表示“更加”意义的 still, even, yet 等；表示确定程度的修饰语，如分数或有关长度、时间、重量等名词词组通常放在比较级前，也可由 by 引出而置于比较级之后。如：It is even colder than yesterday. 今天比昨天还冷。He looks a bit happier now. 他现在显得高兴点儿了。Do you feel any better today? 你今天感觉好点儿了吗?He is two years younger than me. 他比我小两岁。He is a head taller than his younger sister. 他比他妹妹高一头。This bridge is 10 meters longer than that one. 这桥比那桥长10米。This bridge is longer than that one by 10 meters. 这桥比那桥长10米。注：在修饰或代替复数可数名词的 more 前不可用 much，而要用 many；除 quite better 外，quite, very, so 等不可修饰比较级。u 最高级的修饰语最高级前可用 the very, the second, much the, (by) far the, not quite the, nearly, almost, by no means 等修饰。He is far more careful than I am. 他比我仔细得多。This is much the most important. 这是最重要的。Hainan is Chinas second largest island. 海南是中国第二大岛。This is quite far the most expensive bicycle in the shop. 这是这家商店里最最贵的自行车。注：very不能修饰比较级，却可修饰最高级，但它与一般的修饰最高级的副词有所不同，即它要放在最高级前的定冠词之后，而不是之前。2009-05. By 2050 the world will have about 2 billion people aged over 60，three times _today.A. as much as B. as that of C. as many as D. as those of2007-08. The coat Im wearing now cost about _of that one hung over there. A. twice price B. the twice price C. twice the price D. the price twice.解析：答案为C. 英文中的倍数表达公式为：（A + be + ）倍数 + the + 计量名词 + of + B。例如：Ive paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了5倍于往常的价格买了这枚邮票。专项强化训练：1. The museums new building will have _ the exhibition space as before.A. three times B. three times like C. three times as D. three times larger2. Gaining a new customer costs keeping an old one.A. as many as five times B. five times as many asC. as much as five times D. five times as much as3. People with glasses are perceived to be up to ten IQ points more intelligent than .A. those without B. that without C. these without D. one without4、虚拟语气2010-03. Some members of the committee suggested that the meeting . A. being postponed B. to be postponed C. be postponed D. postponed2003-07. The extensive survey suggested that their assumptions totally wrong. A. were B. be C. was D. would be2007-09. _the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time. A. In case ofB. In spite ofC. As ofD. But for 通过例句体会虚拟语气的基本用法：If I had time now, I would help you. If we hadnt made adequate preparation, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. If it were to rain tomorrow, the game would be put off. 1. I would rather you didnt come tomorrow.比较：2008-09. I would rather _ a room that is smaller but more comfortable. A. have B. had C. having D. to have2. It is time I went home. 3. I wish I had time now. / I had passed the test./ I could sleep more.4. It is imperative that he start work now. （ natural / proper / desirable ）5. He insisted that you be on time for（urge /move/ demand/suggest ）6. I support his suggestion that we start the work soon. （It is suggested that; 注意：The survey suggested that ）7. It is my proposal that he be sent to study further abroad.8. I dont think it advisable that Tom be assigned to the job since he has no experience.9. But for water, there would be no life here. (注意：Without water, there will be no life here.)10. Had he passed the test, he would have entered the college.连用虚拟语气的几个固定表达有三个表示“若不是”、“要不是”的表达，它们总是连用虚拟语气，它们是 but for, if it were not for, if it hadnt been for。如：But for your help we would have been late. 幸亏你帮忙，要不我们就迟到了。If it werent for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。If it hadnt been for your help, we wouldnt have succeeded. 要不是有你帮忙，我们是不会成功的。虚拟语气的省略与倒装有时可将条件从句的连词 if 省略，而将从句中的were, should, had 等提到句首。如：Were it not for your help, I wouldnt be doing so well. Had I been there, I would have asked her the question. 带虚拟语气宾语从句的四个数字在表示“坚持”、“命令”、“建议”、“要求”等后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词有人归纳为“一个坚持(insist)、两个命令(order, command)、三个建议(advise, suggest, propose)、四个要求(demand, require, request, ask)”，这类虚拟语气由“should+动词原形”构成，其中的should通常可以省略。如：He insisted that I (should) go with them. 他坚持要我同他们一起去。He ordered that it (should) be sent back. 他命令把它送回去。The doctor advised suggested that he (should) not smoke. 医生建议他不要抽烟。He requires that I (should) appear. 他要求我出场。【注】：这类句子有时可用于被动结构，前面用先行词it作主语，代表后面的从句。如：It was proposed that this matter be discussed next time. 有人提议这事下次再讨论。动词insist后接宾语从句时，除可用虚拟语气外，也可用陈述语气，两者的区别是：若谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。比较：He insisted that I had read his letter. 他坚持说我看过他的信。He insisted that I should read his letter. 他坚持要我看他的信。专项强化训练：1. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he_ our chairman now.A. must be B. would have been C. shall be D. would be2. It is requested that all the students _present at the meeting tomorrow.A. were B. Will be C. are D. be3. It is unacceptable that a person _ for an uncommitted crime.A. gets punishing B. punishes C. get punished D. punished4. The boy regretted having spent so much time playing when he .A. should have studied B. had studied C. was to study D. must study5. It is illegal in some countries that children _ unattended at home.A. be left B. left C. are leaving D. being left6. If she _ here next week, we would know her decision. A. were to be B. will be C. would have been D. is to be5、时态2010-07. By the end of this term, the girls _the basic rules of dinner party conversation. A. will learn B. will have learned C. have learned D. are learningHe has finished writing his novel. 他已写完了他的小说。He had finished writing his novel by the end of last year. 去年年底他就写完他的小说。He will have finished writing his novel by the end of next year. 过去将来完成时表示在过去看来将来某时会已经完成的动作：She said shed have finished her exams by then. 她说那时她会已经考完试了。I thought Sophia would have told you something. 我想索菲娅可能已告诉了你一些情况。By the end of the month, we surely a satisfactory solution to the problem.A. have found B. will be finding C. will have found D. are finding主从句过去时时态一致问题：He didnt tell us he came from Shanghai.但是，如果从句表述的是一个真理，则仍然保持一般现在时。When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of world.2009-04. Coffee has been a favorite drink for centuries，_the time when we were drinking it strong and black，without sugar.A. during B. for C. before D. since解析：现在完成时态的构成，以及关键词的用法。For+段时间；since+点时间2007-06. When we arrived at the airport, we were told our flight .A. cancelled B. had cancelled C. has been cancelled D. had been cancelled2006-02. It _ commonplace to think of sport as a “leisure industry” now.A. became B. will become C. is becoming D. had become2005-02. More thunderstorms _ in summer than any other time of the year. A. happened B. have happened C. happen D. will happen6、倒装句 2010-02. _ no gravity, there would be no air around the earth, hence no life. A. If there had been B. If there was C. Had there been D. Were there2005-07. _ shall we forget the day when we received the admission into Harvard University. A. No time B. Never C. No sooner D. Nonetheless关于倒装句的补充材料倒装句之部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 u 否定词no, none, neither, nor, nobody, nothing, never，或半否定词hardly, seldom, scarcely, barely, little, few, 含有否定词的短语not until, by no means, not onlybut also, in no way, neither nor, in no time, on no account，in no case，in no way，no soonerthan, hardlywhen（刚一就）, 及频度状语副词every day, every other day, many a time, often等位于句首时，一般须部分倒装 等。 Never have I seen such a performance. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. Little did I know about it. 我对它了解得不多。Not only did he come, but also he brought us good news. Often did he come here with a good smile on his face. 他来这里时，脸上挂着笑容。 注意：当Not until引导主从复合句时，主句倒装，从句不倒装。 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.以否定词开头作部分倒装 （注意搭配）