语法填空重点、难点、易错点集锦.doc

高三英语期末冲刺语法填空重点、难点、易错点集锦 2019.1.5用心学习，准确记忆，灵活运用，孩子们，祝你们成功！1. 介词（in / over/ during）the last / past +段时间，多用于_ 或 _进行时。China _(spend) a lot of money on such research over the past years.Great changes _(take place) in the past few years.2. 常见的永久不可数名词有：advice, fun, information, news, progress, equipment, weather, furniture, rubbish.He agreed to read my story and give me some constructive advices on how to write like a real writer._(改错)During my visit, I am already learning , and I hope to learn more about the remarkable progresses that China has made in achieving economic growth and fighting poverty on a massive scale._（改错）3. It is known that / What is known is that. / As is known, +句子Asisknowntousallisthatthewhaleisnotfishbutmammal._（改错）It isknowntousall,theearthisround. _（改错）What is known that the earth is round. _（改错）4. 介词+ which / whom 引导的定语从句Do you remember the day on _you joined our club?Easter is one of a group of days on _ Christmas remember the life of Jesus.I thanked him a lot, without _I wouldnt have finished my task in time.5. 句子，which 引导的定语从句Hesetfreethebirdshappily,_ wasacelebrationforhissuccess.Theownerofthecinemaneededtomakealotofimprovementsandemploymorepeopletokeepitrunning,_meantspendingtensofthousandsofpounds.6. sothat与suchthat 引导结果状语从句IhavesuchlittlemoneythatIcantlendyouany. _（改错）Ihaveneverseensolittlesheepbefore. _（改错）Sheissoanicegirlthatourteacherlikesherverymuch. _（改错）IvehadtoomanyfallsthatImblackandblueallover. _（改错）HespeaksEnglishgrammar veryclearly that even I can understand it.7. The reason why.is that/ The reason for + 名词 Thereason_he loves heris_ sheisa pretty girl Thereason_his being late is _ he was stuck in a traffic jam.The reason why he went to school late is because he got up too late this morning8.It+be+时间+before/since/when/that 句型辨析(1) It is/has been+时间段+since sb. did sth. 自从.多久(2) It was/will be+时间段+before.多久才(3) It was +时间点+ when 当某时发生时是什么时间(4)It is /was+时间状语+that 强调句型9. be doing when /be about to do when/had donewhen10.while 表对比，翻译成“然而”11. what引导名从，充当主宾表12. 感叹句用于名从13.same 前必须加the; favorite 不与most 连用14. the only/序数词/最高级+名词+to do 练习题l). It was two years _he realized the truth.2). It will be five years _ the economic situation improves.3). It was five oclock_ we arrived at the small mountain village4). It wont be long _he finishes the work.5). It was at midnight _ the children came back from the ball.6).It is two weeks _the Smiths lived in our village.7). It has been one year _ I got the job.8). I was having dinner at a restaurant _ Tony Steele came in.9). I was about to get out the room _ the door was opened.10). The son was having a good meal at home，_the parents were working in the fields.11). You have no idea _ anxious I have been for her safety. 12). _ he wanted to see was an end to all the armies of the world. 13). Do _ you think is right whatever difficulties you may have. 14). Now we can see _ a serious problem the population is.15).This is sameskirt that she was wearing a year ago16). I took the title of this chapter from one of mymost favoritebooks17). She is the only Chinese _(win) this prize.18). Neil Armstrong was thefirstman_(walk) onthemoon. 15.形容词变副词的一般规则形容词变副词通常是加ly,其变化有规律可循,请记住以下口诀： 一般直接加，“元e”去e加，“辅y”改i加，“le”结尾e改y。分别举例如下：quick-quickly;true-truly;happy-happily;possible-possibly注意：1).以ic结尾的词，加ally，如：basic-basically;scientific-scientifically;automatic-automatically; public-publicly例外。2).dry-dryly;sly-slyly;shy-shyly3).但是whole-wholly例外。4).以-ll结尾时，只须加y，如：dull-dully;shrill-shrillypolite-_;sad-_;immediate-_; due-_heavy-_;angry-_;busy-_ public-_16.易错搭配：return后不接back，但后接宾语时用to。enter及物动词，所以后不能接介词into。serve 为某人服务，及物动词，后不加介词for。contact及物动词，后不能接介词with。 marry 及物动词，后不能接介词with，marry sb 和某人结婚。because引导原因状语从句，主句前不能用so。although/though/while引导让步状语从句，主句前不能用but（先从后主），但可以用yet。单句改错：Althoughhe is known to only a few, but his reputation among them is verygreat.If youserve foryour country, an organization, or a person, you do useful work for them. Blair willreturnback to Londontonight 17.before与ago的区别ago过去时或过去进行时连用。before完成时连用，尤其在间接引语中Ivisitedhimthreedaysago,buthehadgonetoShanghaiaweekbefore我三天前去访问他，但他已与那时的一周前到上海去了。例题：Hisparentsdiedtenyears_(before/ago)他父母十年前都去世了。Hesaidthathisparentshaddiedtenyears_(before/ago)他说他父母亲十年前都去世了。.如果不具体表明多少时间以前，只用before不用ago，意为“从前、以前”。常与完成时候过去时连用。如：Haveyouseenthisfilmbefore?HeaskedmewhetherIhadbeentotheGreatWall_18.不加介词的时间状语，下列状语前不用介词。当时间状语是today,yesterday,tomorrow,tonight,yesterday/tomorrowmorning等时Theywillgotothezootomorrow.this,that,these,those等构成的短语前不用介词。Theyarepickingapplesonthefarmthesedays.这些天他们在农场摘苹果。last，next等指示代词修饰的名词词组用作时间状语时，前面的介词at,on,in一般省略。Pleasecometoschoolearliernexttime.下次请早点来学校。在以“theday(week,month,year)+before/after”构成的时间状语前不用介词。Theyllhaveapartythedayaftertomorrow.他们后天将举行一个聚会。由every,each等表示频率的副词构成的短语用做时间状语时，其前不用介词。Theygotoschoolbybikeeachday.他们每天骑自行车去上学。以all构成的短语做时间状语，如allday,alltheweek,alltheyear等前面通常不用介词。Thegirlwasillinbedalltheweek. 这个女孩生病了，卧床整整一周。单句改错：Therewasafootballmatch inyesterdayevening.Illvisitmygrandparentsat thisweek.Wheredidyougo onthedaybeforeyesterday?DoyouwatchTVon everyday?Mymotherwasbusy inlast month.19.注意区分以下几组短语：经常出现在改错题中。 beside prep 在旁边；besides prep/adv 除之外。 however adv 然而；therefore adv 因此， 后需加逗号。 and conj 和；but conj 但是. the first time 连词，引导时间状语从句；for the first time 介词短语，在句中做状语，不能引导从句； the next time用于过去时态中,指的是过去中的下次；next time用于现在时态,将来的下次 with the help of sb=with ones help 在某人帮助之下，此处常用under来混淆with。给下列句子填上恰当连词或改错：He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, _ he felt very happy since the crop did “grow” higher.In the United States, professors have many other duties _ teaching, such as administrative or research work. _the doctor tried desperately to save the crushed bones, he finally had to cut the fingers from both the boys hands.She is smiling at me but nodding at me.Bob, under whose help Louis succeeded in the experiment, was a friend of mine .20.It is that强调句型It is not your talent but your efforts _determine your success.It was not what he said but the way he said it _ hurt his son deeply.ItwasnotuntilIsawMary_Ifelthappy.It was _ he said _ disappointed me.It was at 7 _ I came back yesterday. It was 7 _ I came back yesterday. 21.there be句型：there be 是谓语动词，主语后应当用非谓语动词形式。There are lots of people_(wait) here to see the famous film star. Unfortunately， there was nobody wanted to help him.22. other than 除了；rather than 而不是; or rather 更确切地说Theres nobody here other than me.除了我这里没别人.I have not studied foreign languages other than English.除了英语外,我没学过其他外语.This crop doesnt do well in other soils _the one for which it has been specially developed. 23. 虚拟语气考点：wish，as if, as thoughShe wished she _(stay) at home.Heactsasifhe_(know)me.TheytreatmeasthoughI_(be)astranger.It looks as if it_(快要下雨了)24. It +be + the +序数词+time +that +完成时态eg: It is the second time that I _ _ ( be ) to China. It was the third time that he _ _ ( see ) the American president.25. the first time 与the first time第一次。 相当于连词，引出时间状语从句。for the first time做状语I knew we would be good friends _ I met herfor the first time第一次。相当于副词，做时间状语。_, we find portraits that really look like us.有史以来第一次,肖像画看起来真的就像你我一样鲜活.26. be of +抽象名词 = be + 形容词be+of+抽象名词，相当于be+该抽象名词的形容词形成，主要用来表示主语的性质。如：What you have done is great help to you._(改错)27. do harm to 和be harmful to记准搭配改错：It is a waste of time and does great harmful to their health.28. one of +复数名词One of the most commonly repeated _ ( true ) about reality TV viewers is that they watch in order to talk with their friends.29.注意one of后面的名词形式，最高级前的the Tokyo, the capital city of Japan, is one of biggest city in the world._ _（改错）30.定语从句中的主谓一致 Water is the only substance that occur at ordinary temperatures in all three state of matter: solid, liquid and gas._ _（改错）31.区分late(adj/adv)晚的/地，迟的/地，later（比较级/后来），latest（最高级/最新/近的），lately(adv.最近)the latter(后者)的用法 用late的正确形式填空 1） Have you watched the _ movie? 2）Have you been a good boy _? 3）See you _. 4)Three months _, they were forced to change their plan. 5) A man-made satellite travels faster around the earth than the moon because the_ is closer to the earth.She was busy with a speech and stayed up lately._(改错)32. get后加adj或过去分词作表语 She got very angrily at the late news.Get away from the fire or you will get_(burn)33.way的用法 There is awayto encountering error whileononeswaytothe true._ _(改错)I dont like thewaywhich he speak to his mother._ _(改错)Only by this way can you succeed. _(改错)34. 区别like与as “像.” Like a League Member, I should take everything on the lead. _ _(改错)He saw a number of small hard thing as stones. _ _(改错)35. with与as“随着”的不同用法 With time goes by, he found it difficult to remember so much English words and phrases. _ _(改错)As time going by, he found it difficult to remember so much English words and phrases. _ _(改错)36.it作形式主语和形式宾语的用法_hasnt been made clear when the new road is to be opened to traffic.We find _ much more convenient to travel by taxi than ever before.37.as.as意为和一样,表示同级的比较. 其否定式为not as/so as. 若有修饰成分,如twice, three times, half, a quarter等,则须置于第一个as之前.Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny _ they think they are?38. 倍数+ as + adj.原级 + as=倍数+比较级 + than= 倍数+ the + n + ofThis bridge is three times as longer as that one._(改错)This bridge is three times _ (long) than that one.This bridge is three times the _(long) of that one.注意：longlength widewidth highheight deepdepth39.than前一定有比较级We forget that forgiveness is40_(great) than revenge.Sometimes a new word made me remember an experience I had had 40_ (early).40. 词后只能接 ing的动词,其他加to do英语中，有一部分动词的后面只能接动名词而不能接不定式，如何牢记这些动词是同学们十分苦恼的问题。在此介绍一句话，希望能帮助大家记住这些动词。 Mrs P. Black missed a beef bag. 布莱克夫人丢了一只牛肉袋。这句话中每一个字母表示一个动词或短语动词: M-mind(介意) R-risk(冒险) S-stop(停止,可接不定式) P-practise(练习) B-be busy in (忙于) L-look forward to (盼望) A-avoid(避免) C-consider(考虑) K-keep(on)(坚持) M-miss(想念,错过) I-insist on (坚持) S-suggest(建议) S-succeed in (成功) E-enjoy(爱好) D-delay(延续) A-advise(提议) B-be used to (习惯) E-escape(逃避) F-finish(完成) B-begin(开始,可接不定式) A-admit(承认) G-give up(放弃)41.一些常见的不及物动词短语（无被动无进行）：break out (爆发) belong to (属于) come true (实现) come out(出版) consist of (由组成) take place（发生）turn out (证明是，结果是)改错：1.Great changes have been taken place.2.Studies have been shown thatglobal warming has already become a very seriously problem.42.with的复合结构With nothing _（leave）to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes _ (fix)on the wall.I live in the house with its door _ (face)to the south.With the exam _(hold)tomorrow，I couldnt go to the cinema tonight.43.部分易错词练习一、写出下列反身代词：你自己 他/她自己 _ 我们自己 他（她）们自己 二、易写错的数词将下列基数词变成序数词：five _ eight_ nine twelve_ twenty 3/4 _ (分数表达)三、词形转换成：fortunateadv. immediate adv. safen. benefitadj. _ possible 反义词. simpleadv. _ _ terribleadv. influenceadj. _ gentle adv. _lucky反义adv. angry adv. arguen. _ believeadj. _ anxiousn. _ curiousn. _ 四、写出下列动词的现在分词：study carry pay refer sit develop write eat_五、不规则动词的过去式过去分词动词原形过去式过去分词意思AAA型（动词原形、过去式、过去分词同形）costcostcost花费cutcutcut割hithithit打hurthurthurt伤害letletlet让putputput放readreadread读spreadspreadspread伸展/传播(2) AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）动词原形过去式过去分词意思beatbeatbeaten跳动(3) ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）becomebecamebecome变成comecamecome来runranrun跑(4) ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）digdugdug挖getgotgot得到hanghangedhanged吊死hanghunghung悬挂holdheldheld抓住laylaidlaid产卵shineshoneshone照耀sitsatsat坐winwonwon赢meetmetmet遇见keepkeptkept保持sleepsleptslept睡觉sweepsweptswept扫feelfeltfelt感觉fleefledfled逃跑smellsmeltsmelt闻leaveleftleft离开buildbuiltbuilt建设lendlentlent借出sendsentsent传送spendspentspent花费sinksunk/sankSunk/sunken沉下loselostlost丢失burnburntburnt燃烧learnlearntlearnt学习meanmeantmeant意思是catchcaughtcaught抓住teachtaughttaught教bringbroughtbrought带来fightfoughtfought战斗buyboughtbought买thinkthoughtthought想hearheardheard听见sellsoldsold卖telltoldtold告诉saysaidsaid说findfoundfound找到feedfedfed饲养have/hashadhad有makemademade制造standstoodstood站smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smelt闻stickstuckstuck黏贴spellspelt/spelledspelt/spelled拼写spitspatspat吐唾沫understandunderstoodunderstood明白(5) ABC型（动词原形、过去式与过去分词三者不同形）beginbeganbegun开始drinkdrankdrunk喝hidehidhidden躲藏ringrangrung铃响singsangsung唱swimswamswum游泳blowblewblown吹drawdrewdrawn画flyflewflown飞growgrewgrown生长knowknewknown知道throwthrewthrown投掷showshowedshown出示breakbrokebroken打破choosechosechosen选择forgetforgotforgotten忘记freezefrozefrozen凝固speakspokespoken说wakewokewoke醒drivedrovedriven驾驶eatateeaten吃fallfellfallen落下givegavegiven给riseroserisen升高taketooktaken取mistakemistookmistaken弄错rideroderidden骑writewrotewritten写dodiddone做gowentgone去lielaylain平躺seesawseen看见wearworeworn穿be（am/is/are）were/wasbeen是forbid forbad forbidden 禁止43.时态与语态1. (2015全国卷)Yangshuo _(be)really beautiful. 2. (2015广东高考)While making great efforts to run away, she _(fall)over the hill and died. 3. (2015全国卷)Well also spend some fun time together singing, dancing and playing games, which we hope _(make)them happy. 4. (2015全国卷)When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. (改错)_5. (2015四川高考)As I tell you last time, I made three new friends here. (改错)_6.(2014全国卷)He_ (ride) beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver. 7. (2015北京高考)I_(write)to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday. 8. (2014山东高考)Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we_(expect). 9. (2015全国卷)Tony promised her that this will never happen again. _(改错)10. (2014天津高考)We wont start the work until all the preparations _(make). 11. (2014全国卷)Unless some extra money _ (find), the theatre will close. 12. (2015全国卷)Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. _(改错)44. 状语从句的省略。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致时，若从句的谓语动词是系动词be或包含be的某种形式，此时从句的主语和be动词通常可以一同省略。While_(walk) along the river bank, she was singing a pop song.The boy is running impatiently here and there as if _(search) for something lost on the sports ground. Unless _( ask) to answer questions, the students were not supposed to talk in Prof. Lis class.He stood up as if _(say) something.The exhibition is more interesting than _(expect) .Dont come in _asked to. _frightened, he managed to run away.45. 动词题目口诀：谓非谓，明语态，辨时态单句语法填空1. Anxiously, she took the dress out o