【步步高】高考英语 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab同步导学 外研版必修1(1).doc

【步步高】2015届高中英语 module 5 a lesson in a lab同步导学 外研版必修1重点单词1contract /kntrkt/ vi.收缩；订合同；n.合同；契约2form /fm/ vi.形成；n.形式；方式；表格；形状3department /diptmnt/ n(大学的)科、系4substance /sbstns/ n物质5expand /ikspnd/ vi.膨胀expansion n扩张；扩展6mixture /mikst/ n混合物mix vt.混合7electrical /ilektrikl/ adj.与电有关的；用电的electricity n电electric adj.电的；用电的8conclusion /knklun/ n结论conclude v下结论；终止9aim /eim/ n目标；目的；瞄准；v.志在；以为目标aimless adj.漫无目的的10react /rikt/ vi.反应；作答；回应reaction n反应11equipment /ikwipmnt/ n设备；装备equip vt.装备；配备12partial /pl/ adj.部分的；局部的；偏袒的part n部分；角色13ordinary /dnri/ adj.普通的；平常的extraordinary adj.异乎寻常的14balance /blns/ n天平；平衡；余额balanced adj.平衡的15lecture /lekt/ n演讲lecturer n演讲者16astonished /stnit/ adj.吃惊的；惊愕的astonishing adj.令人吃惊的astonish vt.使吃惊astonishment n惊奇重点短语1react with与反应2put.in order使有条理；使整齐3at the top/bottom of在的顶/底部4keep.out of防止进入；不让靠近5be proud of为感到骄傲/自豪6find out弄清楚；弄明白7add.to.往加入8go ahead先走；发生；开始做，进行吧9used to过去(常常)10be supposed to应当；理应11in the area of在领域经典句型1i think the yangtze river is about three times longer than the songhua river.我认为长江约是松花江的3倍长。2here is a table with the metals that react most at the top.下面是一张金属反应表，列于顶部的是反应最强的金属3the closer you are，the more youll see.你离得越近，你看到的越多。4the science facilities are very good，with laboratories that have all the latest equipment.这些科学实验仪器都很好，还拥有最先进设备的实验室。语境记忆the lecture about aim astonished everyone present.it got a mixed reaction.at last，we concluded that people shouldnt lead an aimless life.there are not ordinary moments in all stages of life.构词记忆inability /inbilti/ nu无能；无力；不能illegal /ilil/ adj.不合法的；非法的；犯法的impatient /impeint/ adj.不耐烦的；焦躁的impossible /impsbl/ adj.不可能的1please observe the mixture and write down what you will have seen.(mix)2all the conclusions sound unreasonable.(conclude)3after complaining about the company，he received a partial refund(退款)(part)4the electrical facilities are out of order.(electricity)5i bought the equipment with the purpose of doing many experiments.(equip)6do you feel astonished at the astonishing information？(astonish)7he is dreaming of being admitted into your physics department(系)8a healthy diet is about getting the correct balance (平衡) of a variety of foods.9he has a twoyear contract(合同) of employment with the firm.10how will he react (反应)to the issue?1at this stage在这个时期take/leave the stage登上/离开舞台on stage登台演出stage by stage逐步south africas first black president mandela was a great person on the stage of history.南非首位黑人总统曼德拉在历史舞台上是一个伟大的人物。the product is at the design stage.产品处于设计阶段。特别提醒stage在表示“舞台生涯；当演员”解时，前面要加定冠词。夯实基础(1)语法填空he was the first comedian i ever saw on the stage.at this stage in the development of the theory，tom made a contribution.(2)the baby has reached the stage where_he_can_stand_up(他能站立)2achieve ones aim达到目的；实现目标with the aim of以期，意在take aim at把目标对准be aimed at目的是；旨在aim at doing sth./aim at/for sth.力求达到，力争做到without aim漫无目的地the programme is aimed at teenage audience.这个节目针对的是十几岁的观众。图解助记夯实基础(1)she went to london with_the_aim_of_finding_a_job(以期望找到一份工作)(2)to talk without thinking is to_shoot_without_aim(漫无目的地射击)(3)its important that you should have some sort of a goal to_aim_for(为之奋斗)3a piece of equipment一件设备equip.with.用装备equip sb.for (doing) sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事be equipped to do sth.使某人有准备做某事owners of restaurants would have to equip special facilities to admit disabled people.餐厅老板将必须在餐厅里配备能够接纳残疾人的特殊设施。a basic twohour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents.两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。夯实基础(1)语法填空they equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.she was fully equipped for the climbing.(2)your education will_equip_you_to_earn_a_good_living(会使你过上富裕的生活)work hard from now on.4react to对作出反应；回应react with和起化学反应react against反对；反抗reaction n.反应；回应people can react badly to certain food additives.人们对某些食品添加剂会严重过敏。calcium reacts with water.钙和水会发生化学反应。夯实基础(1)语法填空we reacted against the limitations of us.they reacted violently to the news.iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.(2)翻译句子他对你的回答反应如何？how_did_he_react_to_your_answer?5 form n.类型；种类(type，variety)；形式；外表；样子(looks，appearance)；表格；形状；体形(shape)；v.(使)出现，产生(begin or make.exist)；(使)形成；组成；组织，建立in/out of form处于良好的/不良的状态in the form of以的形式take the form of采取的形式form the habit of养成的习惯this footballers been out of form.这个足球运动员的状态不好。the training programme takes the form of a series of workshops.培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。夯实基础(1)用form短语的适当形式填空help in_the_form_of money will be very welcome.at the moment，most mobile advertising takes_the_form_of text messages.(2)youd sound a lot more polite if_you_make_a_request_in_the_form_of_a_question(如果你以提问的形式来表达自己的请求)6 balance n.均衡，平衡；天平，秤；余额；vt.使保持平衡(keep steady)；权衡；使相等，相抵(be/keep equal)keep/lose ones balance保持/失去平衡on balance总的来说off balance失去平衡的balance.against权衡，比较keep a balanced diet保持均衡饮食nowadays，the balance of nature is being destroyed and the weather is getting warmer and warmer.现在，大自然的平衡正在被破坏，天气变得越来越暖和。(2011重庆书面表达)i found it hard to keep my balance on the icy path.我发现在结冰的路面上走时很难保持平衡。图解助记夯实基础(1)语法填空i was thrown off balance，and the more i ignored the sorrow，the more it seemed to grow.before making the final decision，youd better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.i think on balance i prefer the new education system.(2)the athlete tried his best to_keep_his_balance(保持平衡) in his new shoes while skating.7be astonished at/by.被惊吓be astonished to do.做某事感到惊讶in/with astonishment惊异地；吃惊地to ones astonishment令人吃惊的是it astonished sb.that.使人吃惊的是i was astonished to see him here.在这儿见到他，我很惊讶。it astonished me that she had changed so little.她几乎没怎么改变，这让我很惊讶。夯实基础(1)to_our_astonishment(令我们吃惊的是)，the boss wasnt astonished at the astonishing news at all.(2)同义句改写it astonished us that he actually arrived punctually.(改为what引导的主语从句)what_astonished_us_was_that_he_actually_arrived_punctually.1please add more wood to the fire to keep the room warm.2he is a success as a scientist，whom his hometown is_proud_of.3in my opinion，you are_supposed_to go to your teacher for advice.4keep that dog out_of my study!5there are many creatures at_the_bottom_of the oceans.1add up to加起来达到，总计为；意味着，结果是add to增添add up合计，加起来；合情理would you like to add some milk to your coffee?你想在咖啡里加些牛奶吗？图解助记夯实基础 (1)用add短语的适当形式填空i dont think these facts add_up_to anything.well，i could be wrong，but it all seems to add_up.the letter added_to tensions between western and eastern eu members.(2)完成句子the heavy rain added_to_the_difficulty(增加了困难) in rescuing the buried people.that year his total income，with his reward added to，added up to 12,000 yuan(共计一万两千元)2be/get used to (doing) sth.习惯于(做)某事(be/get accustomed to),be used to do sth.被用来做某事did he use to come by bus?他过去常常坐公共汽车来吗？i used to play soccer with my brother every day.以前我每天都和哥哥踢足球。夯实基础(1)i used_to_get_up_late in the morning，but now i am_used_to_getting_up_early.我过去早晨起床很晚，但是现在我已习惯于早起了。(2)i am still not_used_to_using the knife that is_used_to_cut bread.我仍不习惯使用那把用来切面包的刀子。(3)in my opinion，life in the twentyfirst century is much easier than_it_used_to_be(比过去)3suppose sb./sth.to be.认为某人(物)be supposed to have done.本该做(但实际上未做)be not supposed to do.不允许做suppose/supposing引导条件状语从句，相当于if，表示“如果，假设”。i dont suppose he will pass the exam.我猜想他不会通过这次考试。you look well.the air and the sea foods in sanya must agree with you，i suppose.你看起来气色很好。我想三亚的空气和海鲜一定适合你。 夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空supposing/suppose(suppose) she doesnt come，what shall we do?the message is very important，so it is supposed to_be_sent(send) as soon as possible.community organizers are_supposed(suppose) to speak truth to power.(2)you are_supposed_to_have_taken_part_in_the_party_in_time(本应按时参加晚会)sorry，i was delayed by the accident.1here comes_a_bus(来了一辆公交车)2two thirds of the earths surface is_water (是水)3the earth is fortynine_times_larger(大49倍) than the moon.4the more choices you have，the_better_your_decision_will_be(你的决定会越好)5he used_to_like_country_music (曾经喜欢乡村音乐)，but now he turns to classical music.6below are_some_tips_on_reading (是一些阅读技巧)1(1)分数、百分数或half of/part of/the rest ofn./pron.作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由后面的n./pron.决定。(2)one ofn./pron.作主语时，谓语动词用单数。(3)表示“时间、重量、长度、距离、金钱”等的名词的复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，这时作主语的这些名词看作一个整体。forty percent of my task has been done.我的任务已经完成百分之四十。fifty years is not a long time.50年并不长。夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)sixty percent of the members present at the meeting are(be) old people.(2)twenty dollars is(be) enough.(3)one of the books is(be) about english grammar.(4)four fifths of the people on the net believe(believe) chinas economy is among the strongest in the world.2“the比较级.，the比较级.”句型：(1)意为“越就越”，表示主、从句的两个谓语是同时进行的，表示一方随另一方程度的变化而变化。(2)从结构上看，第一个“the比较级”是表示条件的状语从句；在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。第二个“the比较级”是主句，用一般将来时。(3)本结构中常用省略结构。the more he thought like this，the more unhappy he became.他越是这样想，就越是不开心。the sooner (you do it)，the better (it will be)越快越好。夯实基础(1)the_more(越多) you eat，the_fatter(越胖) you will be.(2)the_longer (越长) you stay, the_better (越好)(it will be)(1)its said that within five years cars will_be_a_lot_cheaper (会便宜得多) in our country.(2)in my opinion，your son is_more_lazy_than_stupid(与其说笨倒不如说懒)(3)the students study harder_than_before(比以前更努力了)(4)china is the_largest_country (最大的国家) in asia.(5)the_more (越多) you talked，the_less_attention (越不注意) he paid to you.教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文metals are very 1.important (importantly) in the world.different metals have different uses.2.for example，steel 3.is used (use) in cars，and iron is used in electrical equipment.4.when we use metals,5.it is important to know 6.they react with different substances，for example，water and oxygen.7.the reaction of metals with these substances can 8.be put (put) in order.potassium，sodium，calcium，magnesium，aluminium and zinc react most,9.and iron and copper react 10.least (little).课外拓展阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式sam：taxi！right here!keiko：1.where to?sam：i am 2.going(go) to the airport.keiko：no problem.lets go.sam：3.thanks(thank)keiko：where are you 4.flying(fly) to?sam：i am going to 5.a meeting in london.keiko：oh.are you a business man?sam：yes，i am a manager.6.by the way，how long will 7.it take to get to the airport?keiko：it 8.usually (usual) takes about 30 minutes.but 9.traffic is bad at the moment.sam：so how long will it take?keiko：about 45 minutes.it rarely takes more than an hour.sam：thats ok.i could catch my 10.flight if we can arrive at the airport in an hour.阅读理解russian police have launched a new attempt to get drivers to slow down at zebra crossings by having stripepainted horses as zebras walk across on the busiest streets in some of the big cities in an attempt to improve road safety and raise awareness among russias notoriously(臭名昭著地) careless drivers.the light grey horses，painted with black stripes，carried signs on their backs reading：“careful，children are on their way to school.” the police sent the fake zebras to several different locations in the russian capital，where officials in orange vests walked them over zebra crossings and handed out leaflets to passing drivers.some held up rainbowcoloured umbrellas over the painted animals to protect them from the rain.russian roads are notoriously dangerous and drivers still rarely take the initiative(主动采取措施) to avoid pedestrians.nearly half of all traffic accidents in the countrys big cities are caused by cars hitting pedestrians，and a third of those occur on crossings，according to traffic police figures published last month.in the first six months of this year,378 people were killed and more than 6,600 injured on pedestrian crossings in russia，according to police.in moscow alone,43 people were killed，including two children.though police officials said that only safe paint would be used on the animals，animal rights activists still disagreed with the idea，accusing the police of “treating animals like garbage”“children understand that paints are bad for animals：they can cause internal swelling，” the interfax news agency quoted president of vita animal rights group irina novozhilova as saying.since there were no “zebra” stampedes(惊逃) through the city，i can only assume that these horses were taken from the urban stables(马厩) that house animals forced to work like pulling tourists in horsedrawn carriages.like any other city in the world clinging to this outdated tradition，moscows carriage horses are out of their elementsuffering injuries，illness and short careers due to being overworked，walking on pavement instead of pastures(牧场)lets hope this portion of the campaign is over and animals are left out of future attempts to raise pedestrian awareness.1why do moscow police have “zebras” walk across on the busiest streets?ato raise peoples awareness of protecting animals.bto inform people zebras are in danger of extinction.cto tell people it is dangerous to cross the streets.dto make drivers better aware of road safety.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“.in an attempt to improve road safety and raise awareness among russias notoriously(臭名昭著地) careless drivers.”可知，他们这样做是为了提高司机的安全意识。2what does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to?athe zebras. bthe horses.cthe policemen. dthe drivers.答案b解析代词指代题。根据上文的“the police sent the fake zebras to several different locations in the russian capital.”可知，这里的them指的就是“the fake zebras”，即the horses。3from the text we can see that .aall of the russian drivers are carelessbrussian drivers often ignore traffic lightscthe driving skills of russian drivers are baddrussian drivers seldom give way to pedestrians答案d解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“.drivers still rarely take the initiative(主动采取措施) to avoid pedestrians.”可知，司机很少主动采取措施避让行人，也就是很少给行人让路。4what do animal rights activists think of the new attempt?adrivers must slow down at pedestrian crossings.bthese animals are illtreated by the police.cthe paints used on the horses are safe.droad safety should be improved.答案b解析推理判断题。根据第五段中的“.accusing the police of treating animals like garbage”可知，动物保护主义者指责警察虐待动物。.阅读填空the price of gasoline has been going up. 1 many people want to know how they can conserve fuel.the best way to conserve fuel is to change driving habits.the accelerator(加速踏板)，or gasoline pedal，has a lot to do with how much gasoline you use.the faster you drive，the more gasoline you use.drivers should slow down a bit to conserve fuel. 2 accelerating slowly to get to the speed you want to go helps conserve gasoline too.the more you drive your car，the more gasoline you use.think about the places you need to go before leaving your home.you should run many errands that you need to do in one trip. 3 cars that are in good working condition use less fuel.take care of your vehicle.make sure the engine is running well and is turned up often.have a mechanic check on it if something seems wrong.tires are important too.keep the tires inflated properly on a car.it will help the vehicle roll better and will get you better mileage. 4 finally，think about using your car less.walk or ride a bike if you do not have far to go.carpool or take public transportation when you can.leaving your car at home really saves gasoline. 5 these are just a few ideas that can help you save some money at the gasoline pump.try changing the way you drive and see how much it saves you!aif a cars tires are worn then they should be repaired or replaced.bwe shouldnt drive a car only by a single person.cwe should save fuel.dalways try to pick the shortest route when going somewhere.edriving at a steady speed helps to give much gasoline you use.fwe do not know when it will end.gthere are many ways a person can conserve fuel.答案1.f2.e3.d4.a5.g.语法填空john：the final exam is coming.it seems that you are busy 1.preparing(prepare) for it.mary：of course.nobody,2.except you，is idling around the whole day long.john：dont say that.you wrong me if you think i know nothing but fun.in fact，ive been working very hard these days.mary：you are always that way：3.making(make) efforts at the last moment.john：believe me，ive really made good preparations this time and im staying up late every night.mary：very well，thats to say，you dont need my help any 4.more(much)john：you may well say so，but en.en.,5.if possible，would you be kind enough to do me a little bit of favour?mary：no 6.way.never expect me to do that.truth to tell，i hate it.john：im begging you，mary，please，just this one time.you see，i was born with 7.a poor memory.im remembering the new words time and time again but keeping 8.forgetting(forget) them time and time again.besides，it is 9.so easy a jobjust pass on a note，thats ok.mary：it is everything but easy！i was almost caught last time!john：i promise to buy 10.you a lovely barbie girl，ok?.短文改错last saturday，mom and i went to buy a down jacket for my grandpa.when we