【备考 志鸿优化设计】（湖南专用）中考英语总复习 专题二十二 作文（题型专题探究+命题趋势+题型解法）（含解析） 人教新目标版 (2).doc

题型专题探究 专题二十二作文1中考英语写作是对考生语言基础知识、语言组织能力及书写能力的综合考查，看考生是否能够运用已学过的语言知识和掌握的技能，进行文字表达，达到交际的目的。写作内容的设计贴近社会和生活实际，贴近考生熟悉的生活话题。要求考生根据所给提示，用英语写出语言正确、内容完整、语句连贯的短文。2中考对写作的考查重点是：（1）考查考生能力：观察能力；思维能力；综合分析能力；运用语言知识的能力；用英语组词造句、连句成篇的能力；书写能力。（2）考查考生语言基础知识：词类常识；词类的句法功能，即各个词类与句子成分的对应关系；动词八种时态的用法；动词不定式、动名词的用法；情态动词的用法；形容词、副词的比较等级；主谓一致；被动语态；句子的种类；宾语从句、状语从句、定语从句。3考查的方式主要有：应用文、话题作文、看图作文。题型1应用文通知、便条、日记、贺卡、电话留言、值日报告、发言稿、演讲稿、email、书信、调查报告、请假条等都属于应用文。应用文在日常生活中运用最为广泛，因此是近几年中考高频书面表达题型之一。写作应用文要把握好以下四点：1确定格式英语中书信、电话留言、email等都有一定的书写格式习惯；而发言稿、值日报告、演讲稿等也有较为固定的格式，开头语一般用good morningafternoonevening！my dear friends！或者ladies and gentlemen！接下来是正文，结束语常用thats all.thank you！/thanks for your attention./thanks for listening.等。2确定内容依据内容，列出写作要点，注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容，同时所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。在语言的使用上，要认真把握。如：若是写发言稿的话，因为发言稿是面向听众的，所以最好使用大众化的语言，做到简洁明快、条理清楚、观点明确。3确定人称应用文往往采用第一人称的形式。4确定时态应用文在时态的使用方面，多用一般现在时，当然在具体的写作过程中也会涉及其他的时态，要认真把握好。【例1】 （2012湖南株洲中考）中考马上要结束了，考完后你就可以做你喜欢的事哦。假如你是david，你的美国笔友fred来信询问考后你想做什么。请给他写封回信，告诉他你喜欢做的两三件事情，并说明理由。注意：1.60词左右（信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）；2文中不能出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息。dear fred，i am so glad to receive your letter.you want to know what i like to do after the exam.now let me tell you about it._yours，david参考范文：dear_fred，i_am_so_glad_to_get_your_letter.you_want_to_know_what_i_like_to_do_after_the_exam.now_let_me_tell_you_about_it.you cant imagine how happy i am！at first，i will have a good sleep because i often stayed up in the past two months.next，i am going to watch tv.i like playing basketball very much，so i will enjoy some basketball matches on it.i will also go to the bookstore and buy a few interesting books so that i can spend a good summer vacation.how about you？please write to me soon.best wishes!yours，david题型2话题作文话题作文也叫提示作文，它要求根据汉语意思和英语提示词语，写出意思连贯、符合逻辑的英语短文。这种提示已将所要叙述的事情列出，并且有的提示已给出了相应的英语词汇、短语或句型，要求学生根据所给的提示，展开合理的想象，运用一定的语言逻辑，使用正确的语法和句法，将整篇的文字用英语表达出来。写作话题作文要注意以下步骤：1认真审题，看清题目中的要求做书面表达题要认真仔细地阅读有关的提示，弄清试题提供的所有信息，它包含哪些情景、内容和要求，要明确题目有哪些要点，且要点必须齐备。要考虑用哪种体裁，是记叙文、说明文，还是议论文；用第几人称来表述；选择什么时态。这样，思路才能条理清晰。2根据提示内容，列出写作要点及每个要点中可能运用到的表达方式话题作文通常会给出一些汉语提示（有时也会给出一些英语参考词汇）。首先，应认真阅读提示内容，依次列出写作要点，注意不要漏掉所给出的提示内容；其次所给的参考词汇也要全部用上。对于以表格、图表出现的描述文进行写作时，要读懂所隐含的信息，分析文章难点确定如何去写。在理解好中（英）文提示的基础上，认真选词，用准确的英文句子把文章的意思完整地表达出来。有时一个句子可能会有几种表达方式，要根据实际情况选用最有把握的一种。遇到自己不是十分确定的词句，可采用变通的方法，切忌使用难词、难句。3紧扣要点，动笔写作依据写作提纲，完成短文。在写作的过程中，要注意句与句、段与段之间的过渡，必要时可适当运用表示转折、因果、并列、比较等关系的连词，使文章过渡平稳、自然流畅。【例2】 （2012山东滨州中考）规划人生，成就未来。请以“my dream”为题写一篇英语短文，描述你梦想的工作。要求：1文中不得出现真实的人名和校名等相关信息。2词数：80100。标题和短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。3参考词汇：be friendly to.，help，study hard，come truemy dreameveryone has his dream.my dream is to be_参考范文：my_dreameveryone_has_his_dream.my_dream_is_to_be a doctor.when i was in grade seven，i was sick and often went to see doctors.the doctors were very friendly to me and they often cheered me up.with the help of them，i was getting better.now im very healthy.since then i have hoped to become a doctor.i will study hard to get more knowledge in order to achieve my dream.ill give my love to the patients as much as possible and help them out of danger.to be a doctor is really great.i think my dream will come true one day.题型3看图作文看图作文也是中考常用的一种题型，旨在考查考生的观察分析能力和语言的综合运用能力。看图作文是通过对图片的观察来获取语言素材的，即根据图片呈现的内容，结合所给的汉语提示或英语提示来描述图画的内容，使意思连贯、通顺，并符合图意。写作看图作文时，应注意以下几点：1仔细审题，弄清题目要求，明确写作的中心思想应将所给的全部图画或图表连贯起来看，明确所给图画展示的是何种情景，并结合汉语或英语的提示，明确图片所要表达的中心内容。2仔细观察图画，确定具体细节要素，列出写作提纲通常图画表达的是一个完整的故事情节，如：故事发生的时间、地点、主人公、事情、结局等。根据图画及提示内容列出写作要点，再根据列出的要点确定使用哪些词汇、句型或惯用表达法。3明确时态，理顺思路，完成表达根据图片和提示的内容，确定表达应需要哪种时态；依据写作提纲，进一步理顺写作思路，将图与图之间的内在联系，运用一定的语言逻辑连接起来，把形象生动的图像信息转化为相应的文字表达，并注意写作过程应详略得当。【例3】 根据每题所提供的图画的情景、提示词（要求全部用上）写一个与图画情景相符的句子。 111father，twice112.lets，play113.factory，air114buy，yesterday115.boy，play参考答案：111my father has been to beijing（tiananmen square）twice.112lets go to play football，shall we?113many factories are sending dirty/polluted air.114i bought some books yesterday morning.115the boy often plays computer games on the internet.题型1应用文1（2012浙江丽水中考）本周，你们班来了位外籍教师margaret。假如你是李明，请用英语给margaret写一封信，描述你们班英语学习的现状并表达你的愿望。present situationyour hopea lot of written worktoo much chinesetoo much grammar.more activitiespractice speaking englishlearn english songs.注意：（1）表格中的内容仅供参考，允许自由发挥；（2）信的格式及首尾已给出，不计入总词数；（3）词数：80100词。dear margaret，i am li ming，a student in the class._looking forward to a big change in our class.yours，li ming2“中国湖南常德中学英语教师培训团”在美国学习期间与当地人民结下了深厚情谊，分别时双方都表示愿意介绍两地中学生交友。以下是两则美国学生的信息，请从中选择一位作为你的笔友，并给他（她）写封英语短信。要求信中包括以下内容：1简单介绍自己；2根据对方信息说明你想与他（她）成为笔友的原因；3你的期待。注意：1信中不得使用自己的真实姓名和地名；280词以上。name：lisaage：14city：los angeleshobbies：music，dancing and readingnotes：look for pen friends who want to learn about disneyland.name：tobyage：15city：los angeleshobbies：sports （especially football），travellingnotes：look for pen friends who want to learn about the computer.3假设某美国教育代表团将来你校参观访问，请你根据下表提示的信息，用英语向外宾简单介绍学校近年来所发生的变化，并谈谈你的感想。环境及设施过去现在至少列举两例说明过去情况操场更大、篮球场更多；图书新、品种多；树木四季常青，学校美如花园你的感想注意：1词数不少于80。文章的开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。2要点完整、层次清晰、语法正确、上下文连贯。3文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名。ladies and gentlemen！its my honor to tell you about the changes to our school._i hope you will enjoy your stay in our school.thank you very much!4（1）中考临近，tom经常很烦闷，晚上睡不着，上课注意力不集中，经常想着万一考不上怎么办？于是他给某报社的心理医生mr green写了一份email进行咨询，希望他能给自己一些建议，以便在冲刺阶段能全力以赴。dear mr green，im sorry to trouble you.you know there will be a/an_exam this term.but it seems that everything goes wrong with me.i cant fall_at night and i cant listen to the teachers carefully.i am always_about my grades.i know it is not good to do so，but i cant control myself._？（此空格不限字数）write to me soon.best wishes to you!yours，tom（2）请你以心理医生mr green的名义给tom一些晚上更好休息以及如何放宽心态、积极备战的建议。要求通顺达意。词数：6080词。参考词汇：relax；healthy；happy；confident（自信的）dear tom，im glad to hear from you.in my opinion，though the exam is very important，_yours truly，mr green题型2话题作文1（2012安徽中考）英语课堂上，老师要求学生就“与人相处”的话题展开小组讨论。请根据以下你所在的小组的讨论结果，以“how to get on well with others”为题，写一篇英语短文。suggestionslearn to sharerespect（尊重）otherscommunicate with each other.my suggestion.注意：1词数80100；2可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；3文中请勿提及你的真实姓名和学校。how to get on well with others_2（2012湖北恩施中考）父爱如山！假设父亲节即将来临，请你借此机会给你父亲写封信，和他谈谈心里话。写作要点：1.父亲辛勤工作，让我受到更好的教育，过上更好的生活；2父亲在学习上对我严格要求；考试失利时，他鼓励我不放弃；遇到困难时，父亲鼓励我笑对生活；表达对父亲的感谢和祝福。温馨提示：1短文内容应包含所提示的要点，语言流畅，不要逐字翻译，可适当发挥；2短文字数不少于80词，短文开头和结尾已替你写好，不计入总词数；3文中不得出现与考生本人相关的真实的人名、校名和地名。dear father，fathers day is coming，id like to say something to you._yours，li hua（2011湖南株洲中考）在初中三年的英语学习中，你参加过不同形式的课内外活动。请你用英语写一篇文章，描写你印象最深刻的一次活动以及你的收获，题目自拟。注意：1.60字左右；2文中不能出现可能透露考生真实身份的任何信息。_4请你选择最喜欢的一门学科，以“my favorite subject” 为题，写一篇短文，说说喜欢这门学科的理由，以及平时是怎样学习的。要求：1.词数6080词。2叙事清楚，语句通顺，语意连贯。3文中不得出现真实的人名与校名。my favorite subject_5假设某英文报“我爱写作”栏目为了配合创建“学习型城市”，正在举办专题英语征文比赛。请你根据下表所列的内容要点，以“lifelong learning”为题，用英语写一篇短文，参加比赛。终身学习的意义1.人们上学学习、参加考试，但学习不只在学校；2学校毕业，不是学习的终止。终身学习的途径去博物馆、阅读书籍、体育锻炼、外出旅行终身学习的益处考生自拟（至少一点）注意：1词数6080词。短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；2短文须包括所有要点，不要逐词翻译，可适当发挥，使短文连贯、通顺；3短文不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。lifelong learningwhen you finish high school or university，is learning done？the answer is“no”in many countries，people continue learning all their lives._题型3看图作文1假设你是王平，你的英国朋友harry正在学习汉语，想通过你了解中国的传统节日。请你根据所给的图画和提示，给harry写一封email向他介绍我国主要传统节日的情况，并告诉他你最喜欢的节日以及喜欢的理由。提示：1.内容要点：（1）以上两个节日的时间、含义（家人团聚的日子）及主要活动。（2）你最喜欢的节日（包括传统和非传统节日）及喜欢的理由。2参考词汇：lunar（阴历），play firecrackers（放爆竹），lucky money（压岁钱），mooncake（月饼）。3词数：不少于80。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。dear harry，how are you？im really glad that you are interested in chinese traditional festivals._best wishes!2根据所给图画，用英语写一篇6080词的短文。要求完整叙述故事内容。参考词汇：1.rabbit n兔子2.balloon n气球参考答案 专题二十二作文专题提升演练题型1应用文1dear_margaret，i_am_li_ming，a_student_in_the_class.i am writing to tell you about our english learning.at present，we have a lot of written work to do.also，we speak too much chinese in class，which doesnt help a lot.and we are learning too much grammar.its just difficult and boring.besides，we dont like copying texts，either.so i hope in your class，we can have more activities like discussion or role playing.dont you think they will help to practice speaking english？and well be happy if we can learn some english songs or watch english movies.looking_forward_to_a_big_change_in_our_class.yours，li_ming2dear lisa，my name is sue.i live in changde，hunan and i want a pen pal in america.i think america is a very interesting country because there are many places to have fun，like disneyland.im 14 years old，too.i can speak a little english.my favorite subject in school is music.but i dont like math because its too difficult!as i know，you like music，dancing and reading.so we share the same hobbies.i hope you can visit china sometime and make friends with me.can you write to me soon?sue3ladies_and_gentlemen！its_my_honor_to_tell_you_about_the_changes_to_our_school.in the past，there was only a small playground.the books in the library were old and there were only a few kinds of them.the number of the trees and flowers was small.but things have greatly changed these years.now we have a bigger playground and more basketball courts.more different kinds of new books can be lent to us.our school is as beautiful as a garden with lots of green trees all year round.i think its lucky of us to have such good studying environment.we will work harder and serve the people better in the future.i_hope_you_will_enjoy_your_stay_in_our_school.thank_you_very_much!4（1）big/importantasleepworried）what can i do/could you please give me some advice（2）dear_tom，im_glad_to_hear_from_you.in_my_opinion，though_the_exam_is_very_important，you neednt worry about it.before you go to bed at night，you can listen to some light music to relax.in the morning you can do some sports to keep healthy and happy.you should be confident in yourself and believe that you can do well in the exam if you work hard.i hope you can get better soon and get good marks in the exam.yours_truly，mr_green题型2话题作文1how to get on well with othersas we know，students should learn how to get on well with others.but in what ways？first of all，we should respect others.everyone has their own way to do things，so we should understand each other.besides it is important for us to communicate with each other and share our happiness and sadness.whats more，we should be kind to others and offer necessary help to those who are in trouble.in my opinion，we should treat others in an honest way.only in these ways can we get along well.2dear_father，fathers_day_is_coming.id_like_to_say_something_to_you.you always work hard so that i can receive a better education and live a better life.you are strict with me in my study and help me with my homework.when i failed an exam，you encouraged me to be confident and keep trying.when i had trouble in life，you always told me to be brave and smile at life.you have given me so much，not only in my study but also in my life.thank you for your deep love.thank you for all that you have done for me.i love you！i hope you will be healthy and happy forever!happy fathers day!yours，li_hua3sample 1：an interesting discussionlast week，our english teacher asked us to discuss in groups.we began to ask each other，“what are you going to be when you grow up？how are you going to do that？”we were so interested in these questions that all of us were happy to answer.when we didnt know how to express ourselves we helped each other or used the dictionary.at last，the group leaders reported our plans in front of the class.i think it is very interesting and helpful to learn in groups.sample 2：my first experience in english cornerthere is an english corner in our school.it is popular with students.when i first took part in it，i was asked to sing an english song to the group.i was a little shy at first.everyone encouraged me.they were so friendly and i soon stopped worrying.i sang so well that i couldnt believe it myself.i was moved and realized the power of encouragement and kindness.4my favorite subjectenglish is my favorite subject because english is used widely in the world，especially in yiwu，a city with so many foreigners.whats more，i like it because my english teacher is kind and friendly to me.in order to learn english well，i read english aloud every morning and listen to the teacher carefully in class.after class，i often watch english programs and keep an english diary every day.in a word，i love english and i will continue to learn it better.5lifelong_learningwhen you finish high school or university，is learning done？the answer is“no”in many countries，people continue learning all their lives.why is lifelong learning important？you go to school and learn.you study.you take tests.but learning doesnt only happen in school.and learning doesnt stop when you finish high school or university.you are learning all the time.for example，learning can happen when you go to a museum.it can also happen when you read a book.you learn when you play a sport or when you take a trip.learning is life！we never stop learning.every day，you can improve yourself by learning somethi