高考英语二轮专题复习 单项填空 定语从句提分训练（真题集锦含解析）新人教版(1).doc

定语从句1.(2012重庆卷t29)sales director is a positioncommunication ability is just as important as sales skills.a.whichb.that c.whend.where【解析】选d。考查定语从句。句意为:销售总监是一个交际能力和销售能力同等重要的职位。被修饰的词position是先行词,它是一个抽象的地点状语,应用where引导。which和that在定语从句中作主语或宾语;when在定语从句中作时间状语。故选d。【误区警示】小心“抽象地点”名词(1)误导原因:一般情况下,position,situation,job等词并不表地点,表“地点”的通常是比较明显的含地点意义的名词,如factory,farm,school等。(2)去伪存真:当position,situation,stage,job等词在句中表示抽象的地点,且其后的定语从句中又缺少地点状语时,应用where引导。2.(2012湖南卷t34)care of the soul is a gradual process even the small details of life should be considered.a.what b.in what c.whichd.in which【解析】选d。考查定语从句。句意为:对心灵的关爱是一个渐进的过程,在这个过程中,甚至生活中的小细节都应该考虑在内。本题考查定语从句,修饰先行词process,且定语从句不缺主语和宾语,in which相当于in the process,故d项正确。a项和b项中的what不可以引导定语从句。c项which必须在从句中作主语或宾语。3.(2012山东卷t23)maria has written two novels, both of have been made into television series.a.them b.thatc.whichd.what【解析】选c。考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。句意为:玛丽亚已经写了两部小说,它们都被拍摄成电视连续剧了。分析句子结构可知novels是定语从句的先行词,指物时引导词要用that或which,又因为介词of后面不能接that来引导定语从句,此处的非限制性定语从句只能用which来引导;them与what都不能作定语从句的引导词,故排除。根据以上分析可知选c。【误区警示】非限制性定语从句前无连词(1)误导原因:若both前面加上连词and,那么本句就是两个并列句构成的一个复合句,即“maria has written two novels, and both of them have been made into television series.”。(2)去伪存真:由于both of前面没有连词,所以本句是一个简单句,主语只能有一个,即maria,那么both of have been made into television series只能从属于逗号前面的句子,both of have been made into television series是非限制性定语从句,修饰novels,此处of后面用关系代词which。4.(2012福建卷t23)the air quality in the city,is shown in the report, has improved over the past two months.a.that b.it c.as d.what【解析】选c。考查定语从句。句意为:正如报告所显示的,在过去的两个月里,这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。as“正如,就像”引导定语从句,先行词为air quality。a项that不能引导非限制性定语从句,b项it不能引导定语从句,d项what不能引导定语从句。5.(2012安徽卷t29)a lot of language learning, has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period.a.asb.it c.which d.this【解析】选a。考查定语从句。句意为:正如已经发现的那样,大量的语言学习发生在出生后的第一年,所以在那一时期父母应该多和孩子交谈。根据句子结构可知,本题是考查引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词,在句中作主语,指代主句整个句子的内容。a项可引导非限制性定语从句,意为“正如”;b项不能用于定语从句;c项虽然也能用于非限制性定语从句,但常常放在整个主句之后;d项也不能用于定语从句。【方法技巧】定语非定语关系词得知(1)此题考查定语从句的关系词,一定要熟记哪些词可作定语从句的关系词。(2)分析句子结构,弄清是考查非限制性定语从句就可排除b、d两项。(3)不同的关系词有不同的用法,a、c两项都能用于非限制性定语从句,区别的关键在于as和which用作关系代词引导非限制性定语从句时,在句子中的位置不一样。6.(2012全国卷t8)that evening,i will tell you more about later, i ended up working very late.a.thatb.whichc.what d.when【解析】选b。考查定语从句。句意: 那天晚上我一直工作到很晚，我过后会告诉你关于那晚更详细的情况。该空引导非限制性定语从句,在从句中作about的宾语,所以只能用which;that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what不能引导定语从句;when可以引导非限制性定语从句,但是在从句中只作时间状语。故选b。7.(2012北京卷t26)when deeply absorbed in work, he often was,he would forget all about eating or sleeping.a.that b.whichc.whered.when【解析】选b。考查定语从句。句意为:他常常会聚精会神地工作,这时他就会废寝忘食。分析句子结构可知,when引导的是时间状语从句的省略句, he often was是状语从句中的非限制性定语从句,先行词是前面的整个句子,且在从句中作was的表语,应用which引导。that不能引导非限制性定语从句;where在定语从句中作地点状语;when在定语从句中作时间状语。【误区警示】which还是that(1)误导原因:在定语从句中,当关系代词、指代不定代词或被only,next,last,序数词,形容词最高级等修饰,且在从句中作表语时,常用that引导定语从句,但不用在非限制性定语从句中。(2)去伪存真:引导非限制性定语从句,且关系代词指代整个主句时,要用which而不用that。8.(2012江西卷t28)by 16:30, was almost closing time, nearly all the paintings had been sold.a.whichb.whenc.what d.that【解析】选a。考查定语从句。句意为:在16:30之前,几乎是关门的时候,几乎所有的画都卖完了。which作为关系代词,指代前面的先行词16:30。b项是关系副词,不能作主语;c项和d项不能引导非限制性定语从句。9.(2012陕西卷t14)it is the third time that she has won the race,has surprised us all.a.thatb.wherec.whichd.what【解析】选c。考查定语从句中关系词的选择。句意为:这是她第三次赢得比赛了,这让我们大家都很惊讶。分析句子结构可知这是一个非限制性定语从句,排除a项和d项(that不能引导非限制性定语从句;what只能引导名词性从句);又因为定语从句中缺主语,所以排除b项;c项which可引导非限制性定语从句,代表整个主句的内容,翻译为“这,这一点”。所以c项符合题意。10.(2012天津卷t7)i wish to thank professor smith, without help i would never have got this far.a.who b.whosec.whomd.which【解析】选b。考查定语从句。句意为:我希望感谢史密斯教授,没有他的帮助,我永远不会走这么远。分析题干可知“without help i would never have got this far”为定语从句修饰先行词professor smith,并且涉及了“介词 + whose + 名词”结构,其相当于“without his help”,故选b。11.(2012浙江卷t9)we live in an agemore information is available with greater ease than ever before.a.why b.when c.to whom d.on which【解析】选b。考查定语从句。句意为:我们生活在一个能比以往更容易获得更多信息的时代。age是先行词,意为“时代”,且在从句中作状语,故用关系副词when。【方法技巧】关系代词和关系副词的判断方法方法一:用关系代词还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:this is the mountain village where i stayed last year. ill never forget the days when i worked together with you.方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。例如:this is the museum (that/which) you visited a few days ago. this is the museum where the exhibition was held.12.(2012浙江卷t17)ellen was a painter of birds and of nature,for some reason,had withdrawn from all human society.a.whichb.who c.whered.whom【解析】选b。考查定语从句。句意为:艾伦是一个画鸟和自然的画家,由于某种原因,他从社会退隐了。考查非限制性定语从句,ellen是先行词,在从句中作主语。解题时,先把插入语for some reason去掉。故选b。【方法技巧】去掉插入语,化繁为简命题者有意在一个句子中间插入一个从句或插入语,造成主谓隔离。解题时,如果将题干中起干扰作用的从句、介词短语或插入语(如i think/suppose/believe,do you think/suppose/believe, you know,of course等)去掉,题干就会变得很简单,从而更容易选出正确答案。例如:we agree to acceptthey thought was the best tourist guide.a.whicheverb.whoever c.whatever d.whomever此题去掉插入语they thought,可知宾语从句缺主语,又能与the best tourist guide 搭配的,只有答案b。13.(2012江苏卷t22)after the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _urgently needed clean water,medicine and shelter to survive.a.whichb.who c.whered.what【解析】选b。考查定语从句中的关系代词。句意为:洪水过后,那个地区的人们遭受很大的痛苦,他们急需洁净的水、药品以及居住场所以便生存。根据句子结构以及选项可