【步步高】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 2 Olympic Figures同步导学 重庆大学版必修5(1).doc

【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 2 olympic figures同步导学 重大版必修5.重点单词识记1vote /vt/ n选票；得票数；vi.投票；vt.投票决定2driving /draivi/ adj.推进的；强劲的3reality /rilti/ n真实；现实4reform /rifm/ n改革；感化；vt.改革；革新；vi.革新；重组5gathering /ri/ n聚集，集会6revive /rivaiv/ vi./vt.(使)苏醒；(使)复兴7economic /iknmik/ adj.经济(上)的；经济学的8prevent /privent/ vt.预防；防止9possess /pzes/ vi./vt.持有；具有possession n持有；具有；财产10contribution /kntribjun/ n捐献；贡献；投稿contribute vi.捐献；贡献11. appoint /pint/ vt.任命；委任appointment n任命；委派12elect /ilekt/ vi./vt.选举election n选举13sympathy /simpi/ n同情(心)sympathetic adj.同情的14professional /prfenl/ adj.职业的；专业的profession n职业15popularity /ppjlrti/ n受欢迎popular adj.受欢迎的16refer/rif/ vi.(to)指的是reference n参考；涉及；提及17accidentally /ksidentli/ adv.偶然地；意外地accidental adj.意外的；偶然(发生)的accident n意外；事故18congratulate /kngrtleit/ vt.祝贺；庆贺；恭喜congratulation n祝贺；恭喜.重点短语识记1devote oneself/sth.to sb./sth.献身于2thanks to.多亏；由于3o推进，推动(做某事)4distribute.to.分配、分发某物5make a reform in对进行改革6lose ones sight失明7run ones first race第一次参加比赛8fall down跌倒；摔倒9make little difference to没有影响；没有关系10earn ones living by靠谋生11in time终究，迟早.经典原句默写与背诵1since he became the president in 1980，the ioc has had vast changes.自从他在1980年成为主席后，国际奥委会有了巨大的变化。2she spoke to that man as if he were very important.她向那个人说话，就好像他是个很重要的人。3he did try，and the results are in the record book.他的确尝试了，结果已显示在吉尼斯纪录中。4having returned from berlin，he received no telephone call from the president of his own country，either.从柏林回来后，他也没有收到他自己国家总统的电话。1you cant take possession of the house until all the papers have been signed.(possess)2well，i have an appointment with my customer.(appoint)3scientists are trying to find ways to prevent diseases.(prevention)4i knew the lady was referring to bill when she spoke of a bright young man.(refer)5he offered his congratulations to the new couple on their marriage.(congratulate)6he was not a revolutionist but a peaceful reformer.(reform)7he gathered the leaves up off the ground.(gathering)8i learned this lesson accidentally last week.(accidental)1 be possessed ofpossess oneself of具有；拥有possess sb.of sth.使某人拥有be in possession of拥有(主语为人)be in the possession of (某物)被(某人)所拥有come into ones possession为某人所拥有take possession of占有；拥有mr.smith was possessed of great selfconfidence.史密斯先生具有很强的自信心。when her father died，she came into possession of a large fortune.她父亲去世时，她继承了一大笔财产。夯实基础同义句改写he is in possession of the company.(1)the company is in the possession of him.(用the company作主语改写句子)(2)he is possessed of the company.(用possess改写句子)2 vote for投票赞成vote against投票反对vote on投票表决vote to do.表决做he was voted the most promising new director.他当选为最具潜力的新导演。the plan was passed by 6 votes to 3.这项计划以6票对3票获得通过。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)did you vote for or against her?(2)if we cant agree，well have to vote on it.3 appoint sb. as/to be.任命某人为appoint sb.to do sth.委派某人做某事by appointment 按照约定have/make an appointment with sb.与某人预约/约会they have appointed a new head teacher at my sons school.我儿子读书的学校任命了一位新校长。a lawyer was appointed to represent the child.一位律师被指定为这个孩子的代表律师。夯实基础(1)ive been appointed to run the overseas section.我被指派经营海外部。(2)i have made an appointment with doctor smith.我已经和史密斯医生约好了。4 阻止某人做keep sb.doing.使某人一直做protect sb.from.保护某人不受的侵袭further treatment will prevent cancer from developing.进一步的治疗将阻止癌症恶化。we recognized the possibility and took steps to prevent it happening.我们认识到了这种可能性，并且采取了一些预防措施。特别提醒上述短语中的from在被动语态中都不可省略。夯实基础用所给动词的适当形式填空(1)nothing would prevent him from speaking(speak) out against injustice.(2)the laws protect everyone here from being attacked(attack)5 congratulate sb. on (doing) sth.祝贺某人(做)某事congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulations (to sb.) on sth.就(向某人)祝贺congratulations！祝贺你！(口语)congratulations on your happy marriage!祝贺你喜结良缘！she was congratulated on what she had achieved.人们向她祝贺她所取得的成就。特别提醒(1)congratulation用作祝贺语时，通常用复数形式；作为“祝贺”这一抽象意义时，通常用单数形式。(2)congratulate后不接带不定式的复合结构或that从句。夯实基础单句改错(1)i congratulated myself that i had escaped unhurt.i congratulated myself on having escaped unhurt.(2)we congratulated him to have passed the exam.we congratulated him on having passed the exam.单项填空1fearing that most of the citizens voted him，he a smile.afor；performed bfor；managedcagainst；controlled dagainst；wore答案d解析句意为：因担心大多数人投票反对他，他脸上总是流露出微笑。vote against投票反对；wear脸上流露出(表情)。2they appointed him ambassador the united nations.ato be；of bas；tocto；in dto；to答案a解析第一个空可为to be或as，但第二个空必须是of，意为“联合国大使”，应为所属关系。故选a项。3people will thank the firefighters for the things they do to prevent fires the environment safer.amake bto makecfrom making dmaking答案b解析此处为不定式表目的，即“由于他们的防火工作而使环境更安全”。4bill，i have just passed the toefl. ！acongratulate bcongratulate to youccongratulations dcongratulating you答案c解析congratulations！祝贺你！固定用法。5the opponents were the ball for most of the match，and at last they won the game.ain the possession of bin possession of cin the possession by din possession by答案b解析主语为人，故应用in possession of。6yesterday we mr.zhang the best teacher in our school.ashouted brefusedcagreed dvoted答案d解析vote在此意为“投的票”，其他三项不合语境。7mr. black is a careful and experienced engineer, so he is often to finish some challenging tasks.aappreciated bapproachedcappointed dagreed答案c解析句意为：布莱克先生是一位认真而且有经验的工程师，因此他经常被委派去完成一些有挑战性的工作。appoint任命，委派，符合句意。appreciate欣赏；approach接近；agree同意。.汉译英适度运动有益于健康。(contribute)a proper amount of exercise contributes to good health.1he lost his sight as a result of the traffic accident.2he went to beijing in 1950 and has lived there ever since.3china is also aging rapidly，thanks to its onechild policy.4she called him to follow her，and led him into the managers office.5whos the man you just shook hands with?1 give in投降；屈服；让步；呈送give in to对屈服give off放出；排出give out用完；分发；公布；精疲力竭give away赠送；泄漏；表露give way to给让路i have given up smoking.我已经戒烟了。someone in the group gave him away to the police.团伙中有人向警察告发了他。图解助记夯实基础用含有give的短语填空(1)he gave away most of his money to charity.(2)the car stopped when the petrol gave out.(3)she gave in to social pressure and quit smoking.(4)he gave up his seat to an old lady on the bus.2 make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用make much difference to对有很大影响tell the difference between.and.说出和的不同be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用what you said just now made little difference to him.你刚才说的话对他没有什么影响。even if you had tried to help it，it wouldnt have made any difference.即使你设法帮忙了，结果也不会有什么不同。夯实基础(1) it makes little difference to me whether he comes here or not.他来与不来这里对我来说关系不大。(2)can you tell the difference between the two words?你能区别这两个词吗？.单项填空1if a person has not had enough sleep，his actions will give him during the day.aaway bupcin dback答案a解析句意为：如果一个人没有睡够觉的话，那么在白天他的行为就会表露出来。give away泄漏，表露，赠送；give up放弃；give in屈服；give back返还。根据句意，a项正确。2if we to him，he will only make further demands.agive up bgive awaycgive out dgive in答案d解析give in to sb.向某人让步。3a man may usually be known by the books he reads by the friends he keeps.aas well as bas ifcas soon as das usual答案a解析句意为：了解一个人不但可以通过他交的朋友而且也可以通过他读的书来了解。as well asnot only不但，符合题意。.汉译英重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。(make a difference)it isnt what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.用所给词的适当形式填空(1)viewed(view) from a distance，the island looked like a cloud.(2)compared(compare) to many women，she was very fortunate.(3)depressed(depress)，he went to see his elder sister.(4)we went home exhausted(exhaust)(5)although it was built(build) before the war，the engine is still in perfect order.young coubertin developed a firm belief that sports possessed the power to benefit human beings and encourage peace among the nations of the world.年轻的顾拜旦渐渐形成了一种强烈的观念：体育运动有益于人类和促进世界各国间的和平。(1)that引导同位语从句，用来解释说明某一名词的内容和实质。(2)引导同位语从句的连接词有that，whether，what，when，where，who，why，how等。that，whether在从句中不担任成分，其他连接词在从句中要担任某一成分。(3)如果同位语从句所解释的词是suggestion，advice，order，demand等时，同位语从句要用虚拟语气，即动词用(should)do。(4)有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后面，而是被别的词隔开，构成分隔式同位语从句。the news that our team won the game excited us all.我们队赢了的消息使我们都很激动。the fact that some countries are still suffering from poverty is really a great problem to the world.有些国家依然贫穷对整个世界来说是个大问题。夯实基础用适当的连接词填空(1)they are faced with the problem whether they should continue the work.(2)you should have told him that you didnt come for the reason that there was something important to deal with in your company，so that he wouldnt be angry.(3)the reason why we dont trust him is that he has often lied.(4)is this the reason that he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?.单项填空1 you are leaving tomorrow，we can eat dinner together tonight.afor bsincecbefore dwhile答案b解析句意为：既然你明天就动身，今晚我们可以一起吃饭。空白处应为表原因的连词，只有a、b可用作连词表原因。但for是并列连词，一般不放在句首。2 the right kind of training，these teenage soccer players may one day grow the international stars.agiving bhaving givencto give dgiven答案d解析考查非谓语动词。把句子补充完整为：if they are given the right kind of training, 可知主语they 即these teenage soccer players与give 之间是动宾关系，所以用过去分词。3 twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.abeing bitten bbittenchaving bitten dto be bitten答案b解析句子的主语the postman和bite之间为被动关系，且动作已发生，故用过去分词表示被动和完成。.汉译英1因为有许多有趣的事要做，所以我喜欢上了学校生活。(as引导原因状语从句)(2011广东读写任务)as i had a lot of interesting things to do，i finally enjoyed my school life.2我确实希望能被选上担任北极熊代言人。(do强调谓语动词)(2011重庆书面表达)i do hope i can be chosen as a spokesman for polar bears.1 with care，one tin will last for six weeks.(2012北京，27)ause busingcused dto use答案c解析句意为：小心使用，一个罐能使用6周。tin和use之间是被动关系，所以用use的过去分词used作状语，从而排除表主动关系的using和to use。分析句子结构可知，此处应是非谓语动词作状语，所以排除动词use。2china recently tightened its waters controls near the huangyan island to prevent chinese fishing boats from in the south china sea.(2012福建，28)aattacking bhaving attackedcbeing attacked dhaving been attacked答案c解析根据题干中出现的“prevent chinese fishing boats from ”可知此处考查prevent sb./sth. from doing sth.结构。根据句意可判断渔船应该是“被攻击”，故应选择动名词的被动形式，从而排除表示主动形式的a、b两项；d项having been attacked为动名词的完成被动式，表示动作已完成，而题干句意并未表明渔船已经受到了攻击，故排除d项。正确答案为c。3i make $2,000 a week.60 surely wont make difference to me.(2012四川，16)athat a big ba that bigcbig a that dthat big a答案d解析考查副词用法。句意为：我一个星期赚2 000美元。60美元对我而言没什么大的影响。副词that表示“那么”，与形容词一起修饰名词时的结构为：thatadj. a/ann.，相当于so及how的用法，即that(so/how) big a difference那么(如此/多么)大的一个影响。故选d项。4the notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.(2012江苏，27)awhen bthatcwhether dhow答案b解析句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点发布。空格后的句子是解释说明名词the notice，作同位语从句，先行词在从句中不做任何成分，所以用that。.单项填空1he is of confidence， ， in my opinion，is most important in society.ahow bthatcwhat dwhich答案d解析考查定语从句。此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代指主句中的confidence，在从句中充当主语。句中的in my opinion是插入语。2 ， she talks a lot about her favorite singers after she went home.aa quiet student as she may bebquiet as she may be a studentcbe a quiet student as she maydquiet student as she may be答案d解析考查倒装结构。该倒装结构为：adj.n.(单数)as主语谓语。3the man had expected to see all his relatives when in hospital，but came to see him while many of his friends offered him their help.anone bno onecsomeone danyone答案a解析考查不定代词用法。由题意首先排除c、d项；b项意为“没有人”，用在此与后句不符，故排除b项；a项也意为“没有人”，但它有特定范围。4the fishermen should have been warned of the bad weather. ，but they didnt listen to it.aso were they byes，they werecso should they dyes，they should答案b解析考查动词时态。句意为：应该让渔民早知道要有恶劣的天气。已经告诉他们了，但他们不听。应选b项，意为they were warned.，强调动作已发生。5parents should have a proper attitude boys who have suffered so much from an addiction computer games.atowards；to babout；tocabout；in dtowards；on答案a解析attitude to/towards sb./sth.对某人或某事的态度、看法；addiction to sth.沉溺于。 6some of the exercises appear to be ones that you have done，but after taking second look，you will find that they are different.a/；the bthe；thecthe；a dthe；/答案c解析第一个空格后有定语从句that you have done修饰，因而是特指；第二个空格为不定冠词与序数词连用，表示“再一”。7time， correctly，is money in the bank.(2012湖南，23)ato use busedcusing duse答案b解析句意为：使用得当，时间就是银行里的钱。要填的是非谓语形式，而且use和主语time是动宾关系，所以要用过去分词表被动，相当一个条件状语从句：if it (time) is used correctly。8in the snow disaster of 2008 lots of warmhearted people were glad to help us out of trouble.aless than brather thancmore than dother than答案c解析此处more than意为“非常”。9i suggest that the person put into prison.arefer tobreferred to becreferring to should bedreferred to was答案b解析referred to相当于定语从句who was referred to，且主句中的谓语动词为suggest (建议)，从句中应用(should) do结构。故选b项。10your sister nearly all her spare time to her study during the three years.thats right, or she the first place in her school in the college entrance examinations.adevoted；wouldnt have takenbspent；wouldnt have takenchadnt devoted；hadnt takendhadnt spent；couldnt take答案a解析devote.to专心于；spend的搭配是spend.on sth./in doing sth.。第二空是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。.阅读理解athe workstudy program gives you the chance to work parttime on campus.if you need more money to cover all of your educationrelated costs，you may be eligible for this program.advantageswork experience：last year，more than 1,400 positions were available across all departments.the jobs vary from one department to the next，and in most cases，participants find a position in their chosen field.money：during the regular academic year(september to april)，you can work parttime and earn $3,200sometimes morewhile you take courses！during the summer time，you work fulltime and can earn around $6,000 over 18 weeks.easy access：applying for the program is easy.there is no need for facetoface interview.all the forms you need are online；just fill in the forms and email us；we accept no letter or phone application!did you know?at the university of ottawa，it is not essential to receive government assistance to qualify for our workstudy program.you simply need to demonstrate(证明) financial need.you could have one of these great workstudy jobs：student ambassadorcomputing and network technicianmarketing assistantsports team managerresearcher/translatorwriterand more!the admission section receives and evaluates applications to undergraduate programs，in addition to answering applicantsquestions.phone：6135625315tollfree#5315)financial aid & awards service section：phone：6135625734tollfree phoneegular office hours：monday to fridayseptember to may：9 am. to 430 pm.june to august：9 am. to 330 pm.1what does the underlined word “eligible” in paragraph 1 probably mean?askilled. bhelpful.cqualified. dfamiliar.答案c解析词义猜测题。根据did you know？中的“.to qualify for our workstudy programme.you simply need to demonstrate(证明) financial need.”可推测，只要你能证明自己需要资金来支付自己的教育费用，就有资格参加勤工俭学项目，eligible意为“有资格的”，c项与之相符。2to earn most each month，you may choose to work .afrom april to septemberbfrom may to augustcduring the daytimedduring most of the weekends答案b解析细节理解题。根据money中的信息“during the regular academic year(september to april)，you can work parttime and earn $3,200.during the summer time，you work fulltime and can earn around $6,000 over 18 weeks.”可知从五月到八月挣得最多。3how can students apply for a working position?aby letter.bby phone.cby facetoface interview.dby the internet.答案d解析细节理解题。根据easy access中的信息“all the forms you need are online；just fill in the forms and email us.”可知学生只能通过网络申请勤工俭学岗位。4to be admitted by the program，you need to .aget some government assistance firstbexplain your financial need firstcperform well in your studiesdhave much working experience答案b解析细节理解题。根据did you know？中的信息“you simply need to demonstrate(证明) financial need.”可知参加这一项目只需证明自己有经济上的需要。bcompulsive(强制的) overeating is a health problem，which can affect women or men，though it appears twice as often among women.in this serious eating disorder，a person eats a lot of food in a short amount of time.compulsive overeaters often binge(大吃大喝)this can lead to serious medical problems，including obesity.no one knows the exact cause of compulsive overeating.many compulsive overeaters use food for comfort.others binge to deal with stress.eating makes them feel better，but only for a short time.usually compulsive overeaters feel guilty for eating so much，which makes them feel bad about themselves.this leads to more stress，which leads to more overeating，and so on.they have trouble dealing with feelings like anger，sadness，loneliness，guilt，and shame.there are many warning signs which indicate that someone may be suffering from compulsive overeating disorder.they include：eating large amounts of food when not physically hungry；eating much more rapidly than normal；eating until