山东省梁山一中高三英语 语法专题复习 音标与字母组合.doc

山东省梁山一中2014届高三英语语法专题复习：音标与字母组合学好英语的前提是掌握足够的词汇，而对学习英语的人来说，记忆单词是一件枯草乏味的事，而且记了忘，再记再忘，使学习者倍受打击。本文用表格形式列举了字母及字母组合与发音的关系，并附有例词，对个别例外的发音也有详细的说明，简单实用。如果你能认真阅读我总结的字母及字母组合与发音的规律，相信你不会再为记单词发愁。本文能有效地帮助你迅速扩大你的词汇量。一、元音及48个音标对照表:音标有48个，其中元音20个，20个元音音标中又分12单元音和8个双元音；辅音音标28个；其中又分11个清辅音和17个浊辅音。单元音：根据发音部位的不同又分前元音、中元音、后元音前元音：i: i e ； 中元音 : ； 后元音 : : u u: 双元音：合口双元音ei ai au i u； 集中双元音i e u元音、辅音对照表元音12 个单元音长元音5:u:短元音8iue8 个双元音eiaiauiuieu辅音清辅音 10对ptkfsttrts浊辅音bdgvzddrdz3 个鼻音mn3 个似拼音h(清辅音)rl2 个半元音wj注：h、 r、 l，由于它们三个的发音非常相似，所以称之为似拼音。二、字母组合及发音字母和及组合读音说明例词aei在重读开音节中a, same, labour在重读闭音节中cat, pack, plan 在非重读音节中about, again, woman, china前面是辅音wwash, what, want:后面是ss, st, sk, th, f, nclass, fast, ask, bath, staff, danceai/ayei在重读音节中afraid, gain, wait, day, play, way i 在非重读音节中mountain, portrait, sunday, holidayaireair, chair, hairal但在f, m前发:wall, call, talk, walk, half, palmar:在重读音节中car, farm, party在非重读音节中grammar, sugar, particularareecare, dare, rareau(gh):cause, august, fault; daughter, caught, taughtaw:law, claw, sawbbbed, book, club/前面是字母mcomb, tomb, climbck后面是a, o, ucap, cool, cut后是辅音字母clean, class, creams后面是字母e, i, ycentre, nice, city, bicyclechtchild, change, teach, checkk在某些单词中school, chemistry, headache, stomachckkback, clock, pocketdddesk, red, harddgedbridge, fridge, judgeei:在重读开音节中we, he she, thesee在重读闭音节中pen, best, well在非重读音节中silence, openi在前缀或后缀中decision, behind, carelesseai:beat, meat, sea, breatheehead, breakfast, peasant, breathei/e两个单词中great, steak（肉排，牛排）earihear, clear, dear, near:heard, early, learn, pearl:heartepear, bear, wear swear-edt前面是清音(t除外)worked, jumped, washedd前是元/浊音(d除外)lived, stayed, closedid前面是t或dwanted, neededeei:three, need, greeneerideer, beer, engineereii:receive, ceiling er:在重读音节中term, serve, verb在非重读音节中teacher, paper, performereihere, mereethere, whereeuju:feudal（封建的）, neutral（中立的）ewju:/u:new, few, newspaper; flew, blew, jewelryfffast, wife, leafgggirl, great, biggug在词首或词尾多发gguest, guide, league, dialoguegw在词中间languageged在词尾large, page, villagehhhope, hard, help /在有些词中hour, honouriai在重读开音节中i, like, nine, finei在重读闭音节和非重读音节中hit, think, habitiei:field, niece, piece, believeai在词尾die, lie, pieighainight, fight, right, lightir:在重读音节中girl, first, dirty, birdireaifire, tire, hirejdjacket, job, july knn在词首know, knife, knocklllove, silk, foolm(n)mmaid, name, film; autumnnnline, neck, fan后面是k或gthink, english, fingerngthing, wrong, youngou在重读开音节中no, note, over在某些词中piano, photo, potato, tomato在重读闭音节中not, shop, commune在非重读音节中second, kingdom, propose /prpuz/oauboat, coat, roadoar:board, roaroi/oyioil, voice, boy, joyoou教室、卧室、好、脚、站在木毛上，遇到老k发短音classroom, bedroom（长词发短音）, good, foot, stood (understood), wood, wool, took, book, look, cook, cookieu:too, school, root, food, room（短词发长音）在两个单词中blood, floodor:在重读音节中horse, sport, northern在非重读音节中actor, doctor, tractorore:/more, store, beforeough:fought, bought, thoughtourau/u在重读音节中our, sour, flour; tour/u/ :four, course, your:journey, journal, journalist在非重读音节中labour, colour, favourowauhow, down, nowushow, follow, know, windowpppig, sleep, springphfphysics, phrase, telephonequkwquake, queen, quick, question（但queue/kju:/）rrrose, run, growss在词首six, seat, secret在清辅音之后works, lamps, monthsz在两个元音之间those, chinese, season在元音和浊辅音之后boys, has, roomsscs在元音字母e, i之前scene, science, scissorssk在元音字母a, o, u之前scarf, scold, sculpture shshe, shall, finishsionnversion说法，译文, discussion, impressionn前面是元音字母television, decision, occasionsurepleasure, treasure, measuret, ttttell, meet, lettertchtcatch, fetch, watchth在实词中three, youth, method在虚词和部分代词中with, the, thistionnliberation, nation, productiontn前面是squestion, suggestionturetpicture, lecture, cultureuju:在重读开音节中student, use, mule在重读闭音节中sun, but, bus, uncleu在某些词中full, pull, put, bush 在某些非重读音节中autumn, suppose, difficultur:在重读音节中hurt, turn, nurse, thursday在非重读音节中saturday, murmurureju在重读音节中pure, cure, endure忍受在非重读音节中figure, injurevvvery, seven, travelwwwake, sweat, wide/在某些词中sword, answer, w