高中英语语法讲解--名词性从句.doc

高中英语语法讲解-名词性从句知识总结与归纳：（一）名词性从句的结构：名词性从句起名词作用在句中做主语，表语，宾语和同位语构成：主语从句；表语从句；宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连词有三类：that；whether; wh-疑问词。例句：1.The result of this French influence was that the English language ended up with many French words such as table, animal and age.2. They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.3. I want to tell the reader that these hills and fields are most beautiful, with many small and clear rivers, and rich fields bearing fruit and grain.4. Some people feel that Wales is an ancient fairy land.5. What interested him was that the whole world had been mapped 70 years before Columbus.6. What is certain that the book has made many people think about the achievements of Zheng He and other Chinese captains and their role in discovering the world.7. That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.8. This gave him the idea that the Chinese perhaps first discovered America.（二）同位语从句在名词idea; fact; news; thought; suggestion/advice; problem; proof等词后面带上that+陈述句 这部分从句解释了前面的那些名词所指的内容，与那些名词起着同等作用的句子成分，叫同位语从句。1. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.2. The idea that England stands for Fish& Chips, Speakers Corner, Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.3. The result that Oxford beat Cambridge by a foot in 2003 surprised many.4. The news that he died was a great shock to his mother.5. If theres possibility that youll go, Id like to go with you.6. I asked myself a question whether the research is worth the trouble.7. I have no idea what has happened to him.（三）同位语从句与定语从句的辨析：that引导的同位语从句解释前面名词的内容，that是连词没有任何意义，在从句中不做任何成分。而定语从句修饰前面的先行词，从句有关系词that; which; who; when; where; why引导，先行词在从句中充当主语，宾语，状语。1. The news that the plane would take off on time made everyone happy.2. The news that is spreading around the airport is that a heavy storm is coming.（四）what; whatever; whoever; where引导的名词性从句：what+陈述句：的话/事/的样子；whatever+陈述句：的任何东西；whoever+陈述句：做事的任何人；（以上名词性从句做主语，表语或宾语）；where+陈述句：的所在，做表语。1. What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.2. The schools of the future will probably be quite different from what they are today.3. If we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.4. Whoever comes will be welcome.5. That is just where they are mistaken.（五）与“命令，建议，要求, 有必要/重要”有关的名词性从句中的谓语动词结构：1）主动结构：should do; 2）被动结构：should be done;（should可以省略）1. I suggest that he should come another day.2. The suggestion that the students should learn something practical is worth considering.3. I though it necessary that I should stay in the room till he came back.（六）it 作为形式主语的句型：It is +形容词/名词/名词短语+that 从句。It is said / reported / predicted that从句。It is suggested / believed / thought / hoped / found / that从句。1. Its a pity that you are leaving.2. Its decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.3. It was once predicted that British and American English would become separate languages finally.【典型例题】1. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patients fear _he would die of the disease.A. that B. which C. of which D. of that答案：A分析：he would die of the disease作fear的同位语。2. The idea _ we should have more industry in this area is a good one. A. that B. which C. what D. how答案：A 分析：该题考查的是idea后面的同位语从句的引导词的选择。3. The suggestion _we have a group of these records printed as soon as possible was accepted by the committee.A. which B. in which C. that D. whether答案：C分析：该题考查的是suggestion的同位语从句的引导词的选择。4. He told me the news _ the Queen would visit China the next month.A. that B. which C. it D. whether答案：A 分析：the Queen would visit China the next month是一个完整的句子，是the news的解释，故用that引导同位语从句。5. The fact troubles me much _ I have been unable to pass the driving test up to now.A. which B. because C. why D. that答案：D 分析：that引导同位语从句，解释the fact。6. The mother didnt know to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.（NMF, T 2002）A. who B. when C. how D. what答案：A 分析：know后为宾语从句的省略形式，由题意可知，指人。7. I think its going to be a big problem. Yes, it could be.I wonder we can do about it.（NMET 2002） A. if B. how C. what D. that答案：C 分析：we can do后无宾语，故用what引导宾语从句。8. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly he wants.（上海2002春）A. what B. which C. when D. that答案：A 分析：give后接双宾语；what引导宾语从句且作wants的宾语。9. Jack said to meet the American friends.A. he is pleased B. what he was pleasedC. that he was pleased D. which he pleas